Abstract: A thin coherent, high pressure volume, curtain water wall of liquid is applied in a transverse direction across a surface of a strip in a hot rolling mill to uniformly remove oxide scaling from the strip's surface. A header is designed to have several passages which produce several discrete liquid flows which are directed into a pressure equalization zone prior to their entering the nozzle section of the header to create upon the flow's exiting from the nozzle section a curtain wall of fluid having a thickness which delivers a uniform sufficient impact force against the strip's surface for the descaling process thereof.

Abstract: A header for applying a low pressure, non-turbulent, coherent curtain wall of coolant of a substantial uniform extent and thickness transversely across the rolling surface of a work roll of a hot rolling mill or the like, which curtain wall in cross-section is in the form of the uniform concentric enveloping camber of a portion of a roll barrel. The placement of the applied wall of coolant is controlled so that the built-up heat in each succeeding work roll portion leaving contact either with the hot material being rolled or its associated back-up roll in a multi-high mill is substantially and uniformly removed, and optimized cooling thereof is achieved. An adjustable discharge slot which may be tapered to discharge the curtain wall across the length of the roll's camber in a manner to control cooling of the work roll from end to end, i.e. the cooling rate of the length of a roll would have a parabolic curve.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing curtain walls of coolant around a passing hot rolled, extruded, or drawn round, metal article, and optimizing the cooling thereof. A circular liquid coolant header comprises an enclosure divided into two abutting annular compartments; the first compartment containing a smaller annular concentric compartment with openings communicating with the second abutting compartment, which, in turn, has several circumferentially positioned and evenly spaced nozzle assemblies for delivering the curtain walls. A nozzle assembly is located between two semi-round compartment inlets which receive coolant from the first compartment and diffuse and direct the coolant flow into a respective nozzle assembly.

Abstract: A water discharging system for cooling hot rolled steel strip including a header for delivering water to the strip, a water supply system for the header, two fixed overflow pipes arranged to control the volume output of said header: one capable of producing the full flow capacity, and the other a half flow capacity of the water delivered by the header, and a valve for bringing into operation one or the other of said overflow pipes.

Abstract: A roof assembly for an electric arc furnace formed by a series of water cooled panels supportingly arranged between the water conveying outer ring and a water conveying center ring encircling the electrode-refractory area. One or more of these panels are constructed of a copper face sheet brazed to a steel backing sheet having groups of several machined traverse passageways, and are located in critical areas in the roof. Communicating with each group of passageways is a water entry header and a water discharge header. The outer ring acts as both a water source and drainage for the panels and center ring. The panels are suspended from a self-supporting spider web structure which carries the center ring and is supported by the outer ring.