Abstract: A method of making a cathode structure for an OLED provided over organic layers includes evaporating a first layer over the organic layers, such layer including a metal or metal alloy whose work function is less that 4.0 eV, or a material including an electron-injecting dopant and a reactive metal; depositing at least one second layer of an inorganic material over the first layer to form a buffer structure with the first layer; and sputtering a protective layer of a metal or metal alloy provided over the buffer structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a donor laminate comprising in order, a substrate, an electronically conductive polymer layer in contact with said substrate, and a metal layer.

Abstract: A top-emitting OLED device with improved off-axis viewing includes a substrate; a reflective, substantially opaque, and conductive anode including a metal or metal alloy or both formed over the substrate; at least one organic layer formed over the anode and including an electroluminescent material; a cathode including a semitransparent metallic layer provided over the organic layer wherein the semitransparent metallic layer includes a low reflectivity metal; an light transmissive layer provided over the cathode; and the cathode and light transmissive layer being selected to reduce the color shift with respect to an off-axis viewing angle.

Abstract: In an OLED device, the improvement including a reflective and conductive bilayer anode including a metal or metal alloy or both; a hole-injecting structure over the reflective and conductive bilayer anode; at least one organic layer formed over the hole-injecting structure; and the reflective and conductive bilayer anode being configured to improve the stability of drive voltage.

Abstract: Bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diode device includes a semitransparent, reflective and conductive anode including a metal or metal alloy or both formed over a transparent substrate, a plurality of hole-injecting layers including a bilayer structure having a layer including an oxide and a layer including a fluorinated carbon disposed over the semitransparent, reflective and conductive anode, a plurality of organic layers formed over the plurality of hole-injecting layers and including an emissive layer having an electroluminescent material, and a reflective, opaque and conductive cathode of a metal or metal alloy or both provided over the plurality of organic layers, and the plurality of the hole-injecting layers being configured to reduce the drive voltage, and the transparency of the anode, the reflectivity of the cathode, and the thickness of the organic layers between the electrodes being selected to change the internal reflection of light.

Abstract: Top-emitting organic light-emitting diode devices include a reflective, opaque, and conductive anode layer including a metal or metal alloy or both formed over a transparent or an opaque substrate, a plurality of hole-injecting layers including a bilayer structure having a layer including an oxide and a layer including a fluorinated carbon disposed over the reflective, opaque, and conductive anode, a plurality of organic layers formed over the plurality of hole-injecting layers and including an emissive layer having electroluminescent material and a reflective, semitransparent and conductive cathode include a metal or metal alloy or both provided over the plurality of organic layers, and the plurality of the hole-injecting layers being configured to reduce the drive voltage, and the reflectivity of the anode, the transparency of the cathode, and the thickness of the organic layers between the electrodes being selected to change the internal reflection of light.

Abstract: A method of making an OLED device capable of emitting light through the top electrode of such device includes providing a substrate and an anode over the substrate; providing an emissive layer disposed over the anode; providing first and second layers over the emissive layer with the first layer being in contact with the emissive layer or electron-transport layer and having a compound that includes an electron-injecting element, and the second layer having a reactive metal, and wherein such reactive metal reacts with the compound to release the electron-injecting element that dopes the interfacial region of the emissive layer or electron-transport layer to improve electron-injection and also reduces the reflectivity of the first and second layers is reduced; and providing a transparent conducting non-metallic top electrode over the second layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device including an anode; a hole-transporting region disposed over the anode; wherein the hole-transporting region contains at least one hole-transporting material; a metal sub-layer disposed within the hole-transporting region; wherein the metal sub-layer contains at least one metal selected from group 4 through group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements and the selected metal has a work-function higher than 4.0 eV; a light-emitting layer formed in contact with the hole-transporting region for producing light in response to hole-electron recombination; an electron-transporting layer disposed over the light-emitting layer; and a cathode disposed over the electron-transporting layer.

Abstract: A method of making an OLED device capable of emitting light through the top electrode of such device includes providing a substrate and an anode over the substrate; providing an emissive layer disposed over the anode; providing first and second layers over the emissive layer with the first layer being in contact with the emissive layer or electron-transport layer and having a compound that includes an electron-injecting element, and the second layer having a reactive metal, and wherein such reactive metal reacts with the compound to release the electron-injecting element that dopes the interfacial region of the emissive layer or electron-transport layer to improve electron-injection and also reduces the reflectivity of the first and second layers is reduced; and providing a transparent conducting non-metallic top electrode over the second layer.

Abstract: An OLED device, including a substrate, an anode formed of a conductive material disposed over the substrate, an emissive layer having an electroluminescent material provided over the anode layer, a buffer layer, provided over the emissive layer and including phthalocyanine or derivatives thereof, an electron injecting dopant source layer provided over the buffer layer and including a compound of an alkali metal or thermal decomposition products thereof; and a sputtered layer of a metal or metal alloy provided over the buffer layer and selected to function with the buffer layer to inject electrons into the emissive layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device is provided that includes an anode and a substantially pure Mg cathode, an electroluminescent medium disposed between the anode and the cathode, and an adhesion-promoting layer in contact with cathode and the electroluminescent medium. The adhesion-promoting layer comprises at least one metal or metal compound selected from group 1 through group 15 of the Periodic Table of Elements such that the metal has an atomic number of at least 19.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device with improved performance including an anode formed over a substrate; a light-emitting layer formed over the anode for producing light in response to hole-electron recombination; and a performance-enhancing layer formed over the light-emitting layer including one or more chemical reducing materials selected to improve the performance of the organic light-emitting device. The device also includes an electron-transporting layer formed over the performance-enhancing layer, and a cathode formed over the electron-transporting layer.

Abstract: A microcavity OLED device comprising (a) a substrate; (b) a bottom-electrode layer disposed over one surface of the substrate; (c) an organic EL element disposed over the bottom-electrode layer; and (d) a top-electrode layer disposed over the organic EL element; wherein one of the electrode layers is semitransparent and reflective and the other one is essentially opaque and reflective; and wherein the thickness of the semitransparent electrode layer and the relative location of the light emitting layers are selected to provide a luminance output of the microcavity OLED device at least 1.25 times that of a similar top-emitting OLED device or at least 1.75 times that of a similar bottom-emitting OLED device using similar OLED materials and having a transparent electrode in place of the semitransparent electrode. A high-index absorption-reduction layer may also be included next to the semitransparent electrode layer outside the microcavity to further improve the performance of the microcavity OLED device.

Abstract: OLED devices, suitable for top and bottom emitters is disclosed. For the top emitting OLED it includes a transparent substrate; a reflective, weakly absorbing, and conductive anode layer including a metal or metal alloy or both formed over the substrate; a hole-injection layer; a plurality of organic layers formed over the hole-injection layer and including an emissive layer having electroluminescent material and an electron transport layer disposed over the emissive layer; a reflective and conductive cathode including a metal or metal alloy or both provided over the electron transport layer; and the transparency and reflectivity of the anode structure, reflectivity of cathode structure, and the thickness of the organic layers between the electrodes being selected to change the internal reflection of light to thereby improve the emission and obtain luminance through-substrate exceeding that of an optimized control device not having the reflective, weakly absorbing, and conductive anode.

Abstract: A microcavity OLED device including a substrate; a metallic bottom-electrode layer disposed over one surface of the substrate; an organic EL element disposed over the metallic bottom-electrode layer; and a metallic top-electrode layer disposed over the organic EL element, one of the metallic electrode layers is semitransparent and the other one is essentially opaque and reflective; and one of the metallic electrode layers is semitransparent and the other one is essentially opaque and reflective; and wherein the materials for the opaque and reflective metallic electrode layer are selected from Ag, Au, Al, or alloys thereof, the materials for the semitransparent metallic electrode layer are selected from Ag, Au, or alloys thereof, and the thickness of the semitransparent metallic electrode layer and the location of the light emitting layer are selected to enhance the emission output of the microcavity OLED device above that of a similar device without the microcavity.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device including an anode, an electroluminescent medium, and a metal alloy cathode comprising at least two metals, wherein all the metals of the alloy have their work function higher than 4.0 eV.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device including an anode, an electroluminescent medium, and a metal alloy cathode comprising at least two metals, wherein all the metals of the alloy have their work function higher than 4.0 eV.

Abstract: An OLED device, including a substrate, an anode formed of a conductive material disposed over the substrate, an emissive layer having an electroluminescent material provided over the anode layer, a buffer layer, provided over the emissive layer and including phthalocyanine or derivatives thereof, an electron injecting dopant source layer provided over the buffer layer and including a compound of an alkali metal or thermal decomposition products thereof; and a sputtered layer of a metal or metal alloy provided over the buffer layer and selected to function with the buffer layer to inject electrons into the emissive layer.

Abstract: An OLED device, including a substrate, an anode formed of a conductive material over the substrate, an emissive layer having an electroluminescent material provided over the anode layer, a buffer layer, provided over the emissive layer and including a compound of an alkali metal or thermal decomposition products thereof, and a sputtered layer of a metal or metal alloy provided over the buffer layer and selected to function with the buffer layer to inject electrons.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device is provided that includes an anode and a substantially pure Mg cathode, an electroluminescent medium disposed between the anode and the cathode, and an adhesion-promoting layer in contact with cathode and the electroluminescent medium. The adhesion-promoting layer comprises at least one metal or metal compound selected from group 1 through group 15 of the Periodic Table of Elements such that the metal has an atomic number of at least 19.