Abstract: A high pressure apparatus and related methods for processing supercritical fluids is described. The apparatus includes a capsule, a heater, at least one ceramic ring with one or more scribe marks and/or cracks present. The apparatus optionally has a metal sleeve containing each ceramic ring. The apparatus also has a high-strength enclosure, end flanges with associated insulation, and a power control system. The apparatus is capable of accessing pressures and temperatures of 0.2-2 GPa and 400-1200° C., respectively.

Abstract: A high pressure apparatus and related methods for processing supercritical fluids is described. The apparatus includes a capsule, a heater, at least one ceramic ring with one or more scribe marks and/or cracks present. The apparatus optionally has a metal sleeve containing each ceramic ring. The apparatus also has a high-strength enclosure, end flanges with associated insulation, and a power control system. The apparatus is capable of accessing pressures and temperatures of 0.2-2 GPa and 400-1200° C., respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing materials in supercritical fluids is disclosed. The apparatus includes a capsule configured to contain a supercritical fluid, a high strength enclosure disposed about the capsule and a sensor configured to sense pressure difference between an interior and an exterior of the capsule. The apparatus also includes a pressure control device configured to adjust pressure difference of the capsule in response to the pressure difference sensed by the sensor. The apparatus further includes at least one dividing structure disposed within the capsule that divides the capsule into a seed growing chamber and a nutrient chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the manufacturing of very high pressure vessels so that they survive high cycle fatigue loading. In particular, the method requires creating a residual tangential stress at a bore radius of a vessel such that the stress under load is more compressive than a maximum applied internal pressure. Furthermore, the method may require creating a residual stress a the inner radii of the supporting jackets such that the stress under load is compressive or zero.

Abstract: Fatigue and fracture testing of a larger caliber cannon is accomplished by explosively thermally decomposing within the cannon bore acetylene of 0.27 grams per cc density and repeating this operation a predetermined number of times or until the surface and subsurface portions of the bore exhibit microstruictrual and other changes characteristic of those resulting from actual firing operations.