Abstract: The invention provides a process for the separation of (RR,SS) 2-dimethylaminomethyl-1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride ?(RR,SS)-Tramadol!, from a mixture consisting of (RR,SS) Tramadol and (RS,SR)-2-dimethylaminomethyl-1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol ?(RS,SR)-Tramadol!, which process includes combining the mixture with an electrophilic reagent, the reagent selectively reacting with the hydroxyl group of (RS,SR)-Tramadol, leaving most of the (RR,SS) Tramadol intact, and precipitating the remaining, practically pure (RR,SS) Tramadol from the mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the purification and isolation of (RR,SS)-2-dimethylaminomethyl-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol from mixtures also containing the (RS,SR) isomer comprising reacting the above mixture in a solvent at elevated temperature under acidic conditions, whereby the (RS,SR) isomer is selectively converted to the (RR,SS) isomer, 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-dimethylaminomethylcyclohex-6-ene, 1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-dimethyl-aminomethylcyclohex-1-ene or a mixture thereof, selectively precipitating the desired (RR,SS) isomer as an amine acid salt, and recrystallizing the purified product.

Abstract: 4-methyl-3-[(4-trifluormethyl)phenoxy]-3-phenyl propylamine (I) is prepared by reacting 3-dimethylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol (III) with haloformate (VIII) to obtain a substituted propyl carbamate (IX) which is hydrolyzed under basic conditions to yield methylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol (X). The methylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol is then converted to fluoxetine (I) by reaction with 4-halobenzotrifluoride (XI).In the process certain substituted carbamates are obtained as intermediates.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 1'-ethoxy carbonyloxy ethyl esters of penicillins, wherein a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which A is phenyl, phenoxy or 4-hydroxyphenyl, B is hydrogen, an amino group or a protected amino group and Z is hydrogen or a cation selected from the group of alkali metal, tri (lower alkyl ) ammonium and tetra (lower alkyl) ammonium, is reacted with 1-bromoethyl ethyl carbonate in an organic solvent and when B is a protected amino group the protecting group is split off to yield a primary amino group.There are also provided novel compounds of the formula ##STR2## in which Ph is phenyl and R is CH.sub.3 -- or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 --.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## [in which: Z represents a group of formula ##STR2## R represents a hydrogen atom, a 1-pyridyl group or a group of formula --YR' (in which: R' represents an alkyl group, an alkanoyl group a carbamoyl group or a heterocyclic group; and Y represents an oxygen or a sulphur atom);X represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy group; andthe .alpha.-amino acid moiety is in the D(-) configuration]are prepared by silylating the corresponding compound having an amino group at the 6-penam or 7-cepham position, acylating the silylated compound with D(-)-p-hydroxyphenglycyl chloride hydrochloride or D(-)-p-hydroxyphenylglycyl chloride hydrochloride and then hydrolyzing the acylated product. By carrying out the reaction in the presence of an N-alkylpyrrolidone, it is possible to improve the yields and purity of the desired product.