Abstract: A composition including a pyrolysis oil and, as an additive, one or more of: (a) an aldehyde-alkylphenol copolymer and/or an aldehyde-alkylphenol-polyamine copolymer, wherein the alkylphenol of the copolymer comprises an alkyl group having at least 30 carbon atoms; and (b) the reaction product of an alcohol and/or amine with a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylate compound, wherein the alpha-olefin and/or the alcohol and/or amine has at least 30 carbon atoms. A method of reducing the pour point of a composition including a pyrolysis oil and a use of the aforementioned additives for reducing the pour point of a composition comprising a pyrolysis oil, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fuel composition including a fuel oil obtained from the distillation of a pyrolysis oil having a boiling point distribution within the gasoline range and, as an additive, one or more of: (a) an antioxidant; and (b) a stabilising additive selected from (x) alkoxylated amine compounds; (y) aldehyde-alkylphenol copolymers; (z) acylated nitrogen compounds; and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are a method and use for improving the stability of a fuel composition including a fuel oil obtained from the distillation of a pyrolysis oil, having a boiling point distribution within the gasoline range, which involve adding to the composition one or more additives selected from (a) and (b).

Abstract: A fuel composition including a middle distillate fuel oil obtained from the distillation of a pyrolysis oil and, as an additive, one or more of: (a) an antioxidant; and (b) a stabilising additive selected from (x) alkoxylated amine compounds; (y) aldehyde-alkylphenol copolymers; (z) acylated nitrogen compounds; and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are a method and use for improving the stability of a fuel composition comprising a middle distillate fuel oil obtained from the distillation of a pyrolysis oil, which involve adding to the composition one or more additives selected from (a) and (b).

Abstract: A fuel oil composition comprising a blended fuel oil having a sulfur content of less than 5000 ppm and an additive wherein the additive is a copolymer comprising maleic anhydride derived units and ?-olefin derived units.

Abstract: Scavenging compounds and compositions useful in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas are disclosed. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the compounds and compositions as scavengers, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

Abstract: A composition of co-polymers, surfactants and solvents is provided for use in methods of reducing paraffin and wax deposition from crude oils in storage and transportation vessels.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions for preservation of cellulosic materials and methods of applying compositions for preservation of cellulosic materials. The compositions comprise a pre-polymer and optional nonionic surfactants and other additives. Compositions of optional nonionic surfactant mixtures and pre-polymers can be used advantageously in methods to preserve cellulosic materials by application of the material with preservatives at ambient atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: Scavenging compounds and compositions useful in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas are disclosed. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the compounds and compositions as scavengers, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

Abstract: Bitumen may be prepared by obtaining an inflection point value for a mixed bitumen product stream sample, and modifying the mixed bitumen product stream when the inflection point value occurs at a ratio of less than about 2 mL of added non-solvent per 1 gram of the mixed bitumen product stream sample. The inflection point value may correlate to the stability of the mixed bitumen product stream based on the amount of added non-solvent. The mixed bitumen product stream may have or include at least two bitumen feed streams.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions for wood preservation and methods of applying compositions for wood preservation. The compositions comprise nonionic surfactant mixtures and prepolymer. Compositions of nonionic surfactant mixtures and prepolymers can be used advantageously in methods to preserve wood by impregnation of the wood with preservatives at ambient atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: An effective hydrogen sulfide scavenger that produces little corrosion may be prepared by reacting glyoxal with a compound having at least two primary or secondary amine groups. The subject hydrogen sulfide scavengers may be used with both the production of crude oil and natural gas, and the refining of same.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide evolution from asphalt or heavy fuel oil may be reduced or eliminated using an additive to act as a scavenger. Zinc, in conjunction with an additional metal selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, when present in the form of nano-particles of an oxide, borate or carboxylate is an effective component is preventing or mitigating the evolution of hydrogen sulfide. The nano-particles may be used neat or as a dispersion. These metals may also be complexed and used in the form of a solution. Molybdenum, when used with one or both of Fe and Zn is also a useful in any of these forms for the same purpose.

Abstract: A composition of co-polymers, surfactants and solvents is provided for use in methods of reducing paraffin and wax deposition from crude oils in storage and transportation vessels.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to compositions for wood preservation and methods of applying compositions for wood preservation. The compositions comprise nonionic surfactant mixtures and prepolymer. Compositions of nonionic surfactant mixtures and prepolymers can be used advantageously in methods to preserve wood by impregnation of the wood with preservatives at ambient atmospheric pressures.

Abstract: Corrosive amine salts in hydrocarbon streams such as desalted crude oil streams can be prevented or avoided by adding certain amine scavenging chemicals to the streams to remove the amines therefrom. Suitable amine scavengers include, but are not necessarily limited to, carboxylic anhydrides and copolymers of carboxylic anhydrides, aromatic anhydrides, isocyanates, polyisocyanates, and epoxides. The non-corrosive reaction products of the amines and/or ammonia with these scavengers are preferably oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable. The amine scavengers bind up and react with the amines and/or ammonia to keep them from reacting with materials such as acids (e.g. HCl) to form corrosive amine salts.

Abstract: Total acid number and/or corrosiveness of a crude or refined hydrocarbon, where the total acid number and/or corrosiveness is due to the presence of acid compounds such as carboxylic acid (naphthenic acid), may be reduced by treating the hydrocarbon with a metallic overbase. The effect of this treatment may be substantially enhanced by the presence of a hydrogen transfer agent.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide evolution from asphalt or heavy fuel oil may be reduced or eliminated using an additive to act as a scavenger. Zinc, in conjunction with an additional metal selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, when present in the form of nano-particles of an oxide, borate or carboxylate is an effective component is preventing or mitigating the evolution of hydrogen sulfide. The nano-particles may be used neat or as a dispersion. These metals may also be complexed and used in the form of a solution. Molybdenum, when used with one or both of Fe and Zn is also a useful in any of these forms for the same purpose.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide evolution from asphalt or heavy fuel oil may be reduced or eliminated using an additive to act as a scavenger. Zinc, in conjunction with an additional metal selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, when present in the form of nano-particles of an oxide, borate or carboxylate is an effective component is preventing or mitigating the evolution of hydrogen sulfide. The nano-particles may be used neat or as a dispersion. These metals may also be complexed and used in the form of a solution. Molybdenum, when used with one or both of Fe and Zn is also a useful in any of these forms for the same purpose.

Abstract: Additives may be used to lower the set up point for bitumen thereby allowing it to be transported from place to place more easily. Additives useful for lowering the set up point of bitumen include alkylphenol formaldehyde resins and oxyalkylated alkylphenol formaldehyde resins; amines and esters; solvents; and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Bitumen may be prepared by obtaining an inflection point value for a mixed bitumen product stream sample, and modifying the mixed bitumen product stream when the inflection point value occurs at a ratio of less than about 2 mL of added non-solvent per 1 gram of the mixed bitumen product stream sample. The inflection point value may correlate to the stability of the mixed bitumen product stream based on the amount of added non-solvent. The mixed bitumen product stream may have or include at least two bitumen feed streams.