Abstract: A wearable medical includes a walking detector module with a motion sensor that is configured to detect when the patient is walking or running. In embodiments, a parameter (referred to herein as a “Bouncy” parameter) is determined from Y-axis acceleration measurements. In some embodiments, the Bouncy parameter is a measurement of the AC component of the Y-axis accelerometer signal. This detection can be used by the medical device to determine how and/or whether to provide treatment to the patient wearing the medical device. For example, when used in a WCD, the walking detector can prevent “false alarms” because a walking patient is generally conscious and not in need of a shock.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method to differentiate between causes of noise in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The method connecting to at least one sensing electrode and obtaining the ECG signal from the at least one sensing electrode. The method also includes detecting noise on the ECG signal and detecting ancillary conditions. The method also includes associating the noise on the ECG signal with at least one of the ancillary conditions and providing an actionable indication to a patient associated with the noise on the ECG signal.

Abstract: In embodiments, a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system includes a support structure for wearing by an ambulatory patient. When worn, the support structure maintains electrodes on the patient's body. Different pairs of these electrodes define different channels, and different patient ECG signals can be sensed from the channels. The ECG signals can be analyzed to determine which one is the best to use, for the WCD system to make a shock/no shock decision. The analysis can be according to widths of the QRS complexes, consistency of the QRS complexes, or heart rate agreement statistics.

Abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) comprises a support structure to be worn by a patient, an energy storage module to store an electrical charge, a discharge circuit coupled to the energy storage module, a measurement circuit, a user interface that includes a speaker, and a processor.

Abstract: A method for a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system comprises sensing one or more patient parameters from different parts of a body of the patient by the one or more transducers, obtaining a plurality of physiological inputs from the sensed one or more patient parameters, detecting first aspects from each of at least some of the physiological inputs, generating an aggregated first aspect from at least two of the detected first aspects, determining an aggregate analysis score from the aggregated first aspect, and determining whether the aggregate analysis score meets an aggregate shock criterion. The electrical charge is discharged within six minutes from when it is determined that the aggregate shock criterion is met, otherwise the electrical charge is not discharged for at least 19 minutes from when it is determined that the aggregate shock criterion is not met.

Abstract: A heart rate (HR) monitor for use in a medical device configurable to measure a patient's ECG such as, for example, a WCD system. Embodiments can include an ECG sensor and a processor configured with classification criteria to classify a received ECG signal into one of a plurality of ECG rhythm types each with a corresponding algorithm to determine the patient's heart rate. The processor uses the classification criteria to identify the ECG signal's type and determine a heart rate of the patient using the corresponding algorithm. The HR monitor is configurable to avoid overcounting of erroneous measurements of R-R intervals that can result from large T-waves and/or bigeminy by comparing the mean of even R-R intervals with the mean of odd R-R intervals. If the means are significantly different double counting or bigeminy is indicated and the HR calculation is adjusted accordingly.

Abstract: Technologies and implementations for a wearable healthcare system including a remote device, a server, and a configurable comparator module (CCM). The CCM may be configured to facilitate communication between the server and a remote device. A wearable medical device (WMD) may be configured to provide electrocardiogram (ECG) data to the server. The CCM may be configured capture one or more portions of the ECG data to be configured and compared at the remote device. Accordingly, the CCM may be configured to display the one or more portions at the remote device capable of being utilized by a person at the remote device.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a WCD is described. The WCD includes a support structure configured to be worn by a patient and a processor coupled to the support structure. The WCD also includes an energy storage module configured to store an electrical charge and in communication with the processor. The WCD also includes a discharge circuit coupled to the energy storage module, the discharge circuit in communication with the processor and configured to discharge the stored electrical charge through a body of the patient. The processor is configured to detect an event at the WCD, classify the detected event, and determine an alarm onset time of the detected event based at least in part on the event classification. The processor is further configured to issue the alarm after the alarm onset time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wearable medical device, such as a Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator, which includes one or more sensors and a processor coupled to the one or more sensors. The processor is configured to record patient-specific information derived from signals output by the one or more sensors while the wearable medical device is being worn and to execute an algorithm to analyze the recorded information, the algorithm being based on data collected from multiple different persons. The processor is further configured to perform an artificial intelligence analysis of the recorded information, to update the algorithm with update information derived from the artificial intelligence analysis of the derived information, and to use the updated algorithm to analyze subsequent signals output by the one or more sensors while the wearable medical is being worn. The disclosed techniques result in a more patient-specific approach, which results in fewer false alarms.

Abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system comprises a plurality of patient parameter electrodes and a plurality of defibrillator electrodes to contact a patient's skin when the WCD is delivering therapy to the patient, a processor to receive one or more patient parameters from the one or more patient parameter electrodes, an energy storage device to store a charge to provide electrical therapy to the patient via the plurality of defibrillator electrodes, and a non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitor to obtain a blood pressure measurement of the patient and to provide the blood pressure measurement to the processor. The processor is to determine whether to provide electrical therapy to the patient based on the one or more patient parameters during an episode, and to obtain the blood pressure measurement from the NIBP monitor during the episode.

Abstract: A wearable medical includes a walking detector module with a motion sensor that is configured to detect when the patient is walking or running. In embodiments, a parameter (referred to herein as a “Bouncy” parameter) is determined from Y-axis acceleration measurements. In some embodiments, the Bouncy parameter is a measurement of the AC component of the Y-axis accelerometer signal. This detection can be used by the medical device to determine how and/or whether to provide treatment to the patient wearing the medical device. For example, when used in a WCD, the walking detector can prevent “false alarms” because a walking patient is generally conscious and not in need of a shock.

Abstract: Techniques are described for pacing assistance and automation. For example, a pacing device, such as an external defibrillator, provides electrical stimulations to an external surface of a patient based on a determination as to whether capture has been achieved. The pacing device determines whether capture has been achieved using multiple types of sensor data and/or historical sensor data. These techniques effect a particular treatment (e.g., pacing using an external pacing system) for a medical condition (e.g., bradycardia). In some examples, the pacing device provides notifications to assist with pacing to a healthcare provider that is administering pacing to a patient. Notifications may include an indication that multiple representations corresponding to different biological parameters of a patient may assist with pacing, that the patient has an internal pacemaker, and so forth.

Abstract: A Wearable Medical System (WMS) includes one or more pacing capabilities. The WMS may detect when the patient's heart rhythm starts to deteriorate, but not necessarily in a way that requires defibrillation. In particular, the WMS may detect bradycardia of one or more types, and then confirm the detection before pacing to treat the detected bradycardia.

Abstract: A heart rate (HR) monitor for use in a medical device configurable to measure a patient's ECG such as, for example, a WCD system. Embodiments can include an ECG sensor and a processor configured with classification criteria to classify a received ECG signal into one of a plurality of ECG rhythm types each with a corresponding algorithm to determine the patient's heart rate. The processor uses the classification criteria to identify the ECG signal's type and determine a heart rate of the patient using the corresponding algorithm. The HR monitor is configurable to avoid overcounting of erroneous measurements of R-R intervals that can result from large T-waves and/or bigeminy by comparing the mean of even R-R intervals with the mean of odd R-R intervals. If the means are significantly different double counting or bigeminy is indicated and the HR calculation is adjusted accordingly.

Abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) comprises a support structure to be worn by a patient, an energy storage module to store an electrical charge, a discharge circuit coupled to the energy storage module, a measurement circuit, a user interface that includes a speaker, and a processor. The processor is configured to monitor a physiological signal of a patient with the measurement circuit to detect cardiac arrhythmia when the patient is wearing the support structure, determine whether a validation criterion is met in response to detection of a cardiac arrhythmia, provide no alarm with the user interface the validation criterion is being determined, and cause a shock to be delivered to the patient from the energy storage module by the discharge circuit in the event the validation criterion is met.

Abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system includes a support structure having an adjustable fastening assembly to fasten portions of the support structure together to fit the support structure on a patient. The adjustable fastening assembly enables the patient wearing the support structure to adjust the fit of the support structure without unfastening the portions from each other. The adjustable fastening assembly may also enable the patient to adjust the fit of the support structure while wearing clothing over the support structure and without having to adjust the clothing to view or access the adjustable fastening assembly.

Abstract: A method for a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system comprises sensing one or more patient parameters from different parts of a body of the patient by the one or more transducers, obtaining a plurality of physiological inputs from the sensed one or more patient parameters, detecting first aspects from each of at least some of the physiological inputs, generating an aggregated first aspect from at least two of the detected first aspects, determining an aggregate analysis score from the aggregated first aspect, and determining whether the aggregate analysis score meets an aggregate shock criterion. The electrical charge is discharged within six minutes from when it is determined that the aggregate shock criterion is met, otherwise the electrical charge is not discharged for at least 19 minutes from when it is determined that the aggregate shock criterion is not met.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a WCD is described. The WCD includes a support structure configured to be worn by a patient and a processor coupled to the support structure. The WCD also includes an energy storage module configured to store an electrical charge and in communication with the processor. The WCD also includes a discharge circuit coupled to the energy storage module, the discharge circuit in communication with the processor and configured to discharge the stored electrical charge through a body of the patient. The processor is configured to detect an event at the WCD, classify the detected event, and determine an alarm onset time of the detected event based at least in part on the event classification. The processor is further configured to issue the alarm after the alarm onset time.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method to determine reliable electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is described. The method includes receiving at least one ECG signal for a period of time from a patient. The method also includes analyzing the at least one ECG signal to determine a first heart rate using a first method and analyzing the at least one ECG signal to determine a second heart rate using a second method different from the first method. The method includes comparing the first and second heart rates to each other and classifying the at least one ECG signal as reliable when a reliability threshold is satisfied.

Abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) system comprises a plurality of patient parameter electrodes and a plurality of defibrillator electrodes to contact a patient's skin when the WCD is delivering therapy to the patient, a processor to receive one or more patient parameters from the one or more patient parameter electrodes, an energy storage device to store a charge to provide electrical therapy to the patient via the plurality of defibrillator electrodes, and a non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitor to obtain a blood pressure measurement of the patient and to provide the blood pressure measurement to the processor. The processor is to determine whether to provide electrical therapy to the patient based on the one or more patient parameters during an episode, and to obtain the blood pressure measurement from the NIBP monitor during the episode.