Abstract: In various examples, a memory model may support multicasting where a single request for a memory access operation may be propagated to multiple physical addresses associated with multiple processing elements (e.g., corresponding to respective local memory). Thus, the request may cause data to be read from and/or written to memory for each of the processing elements. In some examples, a memory model exposes multicasting to processes. This may include providing for separate multicast and unicast instructions or shared instructions with one or more parameters (e.g., indicating a virtual address) being used to indicate multicasting or unicasting. Additionally or alternatively, whether a request(s) is processed using multicasting or unicasting may be opaque to a process and/or application or may otherwise be determined by the system. One or more constraints may be imposed on processing requests using multicasting to maintain a coherent memory interface.

Abstract: In various examples, a single notification (e.g., a request for a memory access operation) that a processing element (PE) has reached a synchronization barrier may be propagated to multiple physical addresses (PAs) and/or devices associated with multiple processing elements. Thus, the notification may allow an indication that the processing element has reached the synchronization barrier to be recoded at multiple targets. Each notification may access the PAs of each PE and/or device of a barrier group to update a corresponding counter. The PEs and/or devices may poll or otherwise use the counter to determine when each PE of the group has reached the synchronization barrier. When a corresponding counter indicates synchronization at the synchronization barrier, a PE may proceed with performing a compute task asynchronously with one or more other PEs until a subsequent synchronization barrier may be reached.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel class of (S)-2?-vinyl-substituted-abscisic acid derivatives, and to methods of synthesizing and using the derivatives.