Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for electrolyzing water for enhanced production of oxygen, hydrogen and heat by the steps of (i) providing an electrochemical cell comprising an isotopic hydrogen storage cathode, an electrically conductive anode and an ionically conducting electrolyte comprising water, and (ii) impressing a repeating sequence of voltages across the cathode and anode comprised of at least two cell voltage regimes, a first cell voltage regime consisting of a voltage sufficient to enhance cathodic absorption of hydrogen, and a second cell voltage regime consisting of at least one voltage pulse which is at least two times the voltage of the first cell voltage regime for a total duration no greater than 0.10 seconds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for electrolyzing water for enhanced production of oxygen, hydrogen and heat by the steps of (i) providing an electrochemical cell comprising an isotopic hydrogen storage cathode, an electrically conductive anode and an ionically conducting electrolyte comprising water, and (ii) impressing a repeating sequence of voltages across the cathode and anode comprised of at least two cell voltage regimes, a first cell voltage regime consisting of a voltage sufficient to enhance cathodic absorption of hydrogen, and a second cell voltage regime consisting of at least one voltage pulse which is at least two times the voltage of the first cell voltage regime for a total duration no greater than 0.10 seconds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for electrolyzing water for enhanced production of oxygen, hydrogen and heat by the steps of (i) providing an electrochemical cell comprising an isotopic hydrogen storage cathode, an electrically conductive anode and an ionically conducting electrolyte comprising water, and (ii) impressing a repeating sequence of voltages across the cathode and anode comprised of at least two cell voltage regimes, a first cell voltage regime consisting of a voltage sufficient to enhance cathodic absorption of hydrogen, and a second cell voltage regime consisting of at least one voltage pulse which is at least two times the voltage of the first cell voltage regime for a total duration no greater than 0.10 seconds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for electrolyzing water for enhanced production of oxygen, hydrogen and heat by the steps of (i) providing an electrochemical cell comprising an isotopic hydrogen storage cathode, an electrically conductive anode and an tonically conducting electrolyte comprising water, and (ii) impressing a repeating sequence of voltages across the cathode and anode comprised of at least two cell voltage regimes, a first cell voltage regime consisting of a voltage sufficient to enhance cathodic absorption of hydrogen, and a second cell voltage regime consisting of at least one voltage pulse which is at least two times the voltage of the first cell voltage regime for a total duration no greater than 0.10 seconds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for electrolyzing water for enhanced production of oxygen, hydrogen and heat by the steps of (i) providing an electrochemical cell comprising an isotopic hydrogen storage cathode, an electrically conductive anode and an ionically conducting electrolyte comprising water, and (ii) impressing a repeating sequence of voltages across the cathode and anode comprised of at least two cell voltage regimes, a first cell voltage regime consisting of a voltage sufficient to enhance cathodic absorption of hydrogen, and a second cell voltage regime consisting of at least one voltage pulse which is at least two times the voltage of the first cell voltage regime for a total duration no greater than 0.10 seconds.

Abstract: An inner tubular assembly positioned in telescoping arrangement with an outer tubular protective assembly forms a chamber for a fluid receptacle in a hypodermic syringe; it supports a hypodermic needle and a piston plunger to inject fluid from or draw fluid into the receptacle. Biasing means acting between the inner and outer assemblies urge the inner assembly including the outer end of the needle to a retracted position. Levers in the form of finger pieces are pivotally mounted on the outer assembly; the levers are biased to urge the lugs formed at their ends through apertures in the outer assembly and into engagement with a shoulder at the lower end of the inner assembly to latch it in retracted position. When the finger pieces are grasped to use the syringe the latch is actuated to released position. Other lugs at the upper portion of the finger pieces aaaare engageable with a shoulder on the upper portion of the inner tubular assembly to retain the needle in exposed position ready for injection.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor cell is provided, the use of which permits quantitative measurement of volatile gas contaminants in an atmosphere being monitored. The cell comprises at least a first sensor electrode and a second counter electrode, on either side of an ion conductive electrolyte which may be immobilized in a matrix. The electrolyte may also be a solid electrolyte or a polymer electrolyte. The sensing electrode has a high surface area catalyst dispersed on a porous substrate, and is mounted in such a manner as to be exposed to the atmosphere which is to be sensed for gaseous contaminants, with the counter electrode being isolated from any exposure to that atmosphere. Generally, the electrodes are mounted in electrically conductive frames, sandwiching a third non-conductive frame member in which the ion conductive electrolyte is substantially located. The conductive frames may comprise electronically conductive materials such as conductive polymers, ceramics, nitrides, oxides and graphites.

Abstract: Abstract for filtering drinking water which includes a lower non-porous container to receive the filtrate. An upper filter vessel closed at its lower end by a high density ceramic filter is stacked in nested relationship to the lower container. When water containing contaminants and pollutants is poured into the filter vessel, it drips through the ceramic filter under gravitational forces and is stored in the lower receptacle.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor cell is provided, the use of which permits quantitative measurement of volatile gas contaminants in an atmosphere being monitored, generally at ambient temperatures below 100.degree.C. The cell comprises at least a first sensor electrode and a second counter electrode, on either side of an electrolyte which may be immobilized in a matrix, or a polymer electrolyte. The sensing electrode has a catalyst dispersed on a porous base, and is mounted in such a manner as to be exposed to the atmosphere which is to be sensed for gaseous contaminants, with the counter electrode being isolated from any exposure to that atmosphere. Generally, the electrodes are mounted in electrically conductive plastic frames, sandwiching a third non-conductive frame member in which the electrolyte is located. In an alternative embodiment, a further reference electrode may be mounted so as to be exposed to the electrolyte.

Abstract: An apparatus to continuously monitor a preset altitude for a pilot of an aircraft. It senses a change in altitude and an audible as well as a visible alarm tells the pilot that he has deviated from his preset altitude by a given height. Increase in altitude is signaled by a high pitch tone and by a yellow light while a decrease in altitude is signaled by a low pitch tone and a red light. The invention can also be used to warn a small boat operator of a pressure drop.

Abstract: Apparatus for externally determining the level of a mass of flowable material such as liquid or granular material contained in a closed or sealed container having walls of magnetic material includes an elongate strip of thin magnetized metal sheet material coated with a thermochromic substance which varies chromatically with variations in temperature. The elongated strip is applied to the outer surface of the wall of the container in heat conducting relationship thereto by magnetic attraction and extends along the height of the container. The container is exposed to a temperature change either natural, such as that which occurs at sunset and sunrise, or artificially induced. Because of the difference in the rate of heat conduction of the void volume and the filled space of the container, the container wall experiences a temperature gradient which is most pronounced at the interface of the contents and the void space. The temperature of the container wall changes abruptly at the surface of the contents.

Abstract: A selectively usable particle collector for recovering precious metals in clean condition during use of dental suction apparatus is shown. A reservoir where particles are deposited has a closure cap with ports to one of which can be removably attached a replaceable pick up tube to be inserted in the patient's mouth; the other is adapted to removably receive a flexible hose leading to a vacuum source both ports being in communication with the reservoir. In another embodiment a portion of the cap can be rotated to selectively effect either direct communication from the pick up tube to the flexible hose or through the reservoir. A metering vent is provided to regulate vacuum pressure.

Abstract: In a safety razor the blade is retained in a manner to permit limited movement relative to the handle in the direction of its longitudinal axis. This is accomplished with blade elements of the type comprising a blade mounted in a cartridge by retaining the blade cartridge in its receptor for movement relative to the receptor. In other embodiments, the receptor is mounted on the handle in a manner to permit limited movement of the handle in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the receptor. The latter embodiment may be employed with any safety razor having its handle positioned in angular relationship to the receptor. To enhance the relative sliding movement, a lubricant may be applied between the moving parts.

Abstract: Sensing devices responsive to changes in the physical condition of the area in which they are located are disposed in elongate, flexible carriers to form a detecting unit which can be arranged in a tortuous, undulating array to cover an undefined area of any shape desired with a detecting density of any chosen value. The detecting unit can assume various forms including that of a pair of conducting elements disposed within an insulating tube in opposed relation positioned to complete the continuity of a switching circuit when the tube is flexed to cause engagement of the conductors. Another embodiment comprises a plurality of braided strands of insulating material extending lengthwise within an insulating carrier cable sheath. A pair of conductors is included in the braiding in a spiral disposition with each conductor being disposed along the entire length in opposed relation to the other conductor.

Abstract: An electrostatic image of graphical information is formed on a surface, for example that of an endless tape, a drum or suitable paper, and then magnetic toner particles are applied to the surface and adhere thereto in correspondence with the electrostatic image. Portions of the same surface, in the case of the tape, or of another surface, when the drum or paper are employed, are magnetized, as determined by the location of the toner prticles, to form a magnetic image corresponding to the electrostatic image. Then the toner medium are transferred by friction to a copy mdium such as ordinary paper, while the magnetic image is retained or stored on the surface. Toner particles then again can be applied to the magnetic image for production of additional copies.