Abstract: Water soluble hybrid phthalocyanine derivatives useful in competitive and noncompetitive assays immunoassays, nucleic acid and assays are disclosed and claimed having (1) at least one donor subunit with a desired excitation peak, and (2) at least one acceptor subunit with a desired emission peak, wherein said derivative(s) is/are capable of intramolecular energy transfer from said donor subunit to said acceptor subunit. Such derivatives also may contain an electron transfer subunit. Axial ligands may be covalently bound to the metals contained in the water soluble hybrid phthalocyanine derivatives. Ligands, ligand analogues, polypeptides, proteins and nucleic acids can be linked to the axial ligands of the dyes to form dye conjugates useful in immunoassays and nucleic acid assays.

Abstract: The present invention describes carbamic acid ester-derived and valeric acid ester-derived polyfunctional cross-linker molecules, and methods for their synthesis and use. The inclusion of polymeric moieties such as poly(alkylene oxide) in the cross-linkers of the present invention can provide advantageous solubility properties in aqueous environments. Such cross-linkers may be used to form conjugates for use in a variety of assay formats.

Abstract: The present invention describes carbamic acid ester-derived and valeric acid ester-derived polyfunctional cross-linker molecules, and methods for their synthesis and use. The inclusion of polymeric moieties such as poly(alkylene oxide) in the cross-linkers of the present invention can provide advantageous solubility properties in aqueous environments. Such cross-linkers may be used to form conjugates for use in a variety of assay formats.