Abstract: A method of lubricating the contact between a first surface coated with a hydrogenous carbon film or coating of type a-C:H, ta-C:H, a-C:H:Me or a-C:H:X, as classified by VDI-Standard VDI 2840 and a second ferrous, preferably steel surface. The method comprises supplying to said contact a lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and (a) an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount such as to provide between 150 and 1000 ppm by weight of molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition, and (b) between 0.1 and 5% by weight with respect to the weight of the lubricating oil composition of a polymeric organic friction modifier, the organic friction modifier being the reaction product of (i) a functionalised polyolefin, (ii) a polyether, (iii) a polyol and (iv) a monocarboxylic acid chain terminating group.

Abstract: A crankcase lubricating oil composition for the crankcase of a spark-ignited or compression-ignited internal combustion engine, comprising a magnesium-containing detergent, in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-4000 ppm magnesium to the lubricating oil composition, in combination with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 600-1500 ppm molybdenum atoms to the lubricating oil composition, and with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible boron-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-600 ppm boron atoms to the lubricating oil composition to improve the friction and fuel economy performance.

Abstract: A crankcase lubricating oil composition for the crankcase of a spark-ignited or compression-ignited internal combustion engine, comprising a magnesium-containing detergent, in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-4000 ppm magnesium to the lubricating oil composition, in combination with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 600-1500 ppm molybdenum atoms to the lubricating oil composition, and with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible boron-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-600 ppm boron atoms to the lubricating oil composition to improve the friction and fuel economy performance.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition which contains, or is made by admixing: (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity, in a major amount; (B) at least one oil-soluble or oil-dispersible sulfurized fatty acid ester, as an additive in an amount providing the lubricating oil composition with greater than or equal to 0.02 mass % sulphur; and, (C) at least one oil-soluble or oil-dispersible alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate detergent, as an additive in an effective minor amount, providing greater than or equal to 5 mmol of salicylate soap per kilogram of the lubricating oil composition, wherein the lubricating oil composition does not contain a phosphorus ester additive.

Abstract: A crankcase lubricating oil composition for the crankcase of a spark-ignited or compression-ignited internal combustion engine, comprising a magnesium-containing detergent, in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-4000 ppm magnesium to the lubricating oil composition, in combination with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 600-1500 ppm molybdenum atoms to the lubricating oil composition, and with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible boron-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-600 ppm boron atoms to the lubricating oil composition to improve the friction and fuel economy performance.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition, a method of reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a direct-injected spark-ignited internal combustion engine, and a use of a lubricant composition to reduce LSPI events in such an engine. Preferably, the composition comprises a detergent package comprising a borated calcium detergent, wherein the detergent package provides a calcium content in the composition of at least 0.12 mass %, based on the total mass of the composition, and wherein the borated calcium detergent provides a boron content in the composition of at least 100 ppmm, based on the total mass of the composition. Optionally, the composition comprises a first detergent comprising a calcium detergent, and a second detergent comprising a borated calcium detergent.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition, a method of reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a direct-injected spark-ignited internal combustion engine, and a use of a lubricant composition to reduce LSPI events in such an engine. Preferably, the composition comprises a detergent package comprising a borated calcium detergent, wherein the detergent package provides a calcium content in the composition of at least 0.12 mass %, based on the total mass of the composition, and wherein the borated calcium detergent provides a boron content in the composition of at least 100 ppmm, based on the total mass of the composition. Optionally, the composition comprises a first detergent comprising a calcium detergent, and a second detergent comprising a borated calcium detergent.

Abstract: A method of lubricating the contact between a first surface coated with a hydrogenous carbon film or coating of type a-C:H, ta-C:H, a-C:H:Me or a-C:H:X, as classified by VDI-Standard VDI 2840 and a second ferrous, preferably steel surface. The method comprises supplying to said contact a lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and (a) an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount such as to provide between 150 and 1000 ppm by weight of molybdenum to the lubricating oil composition, and (b) between 0.1 and 5% by weight with respect to the weight of the lubricating oil composition of a polymeric organic friction modifier, the organic friction modifier being the reaction product of (i) a functionalised polyolefin, (ii) a polyether, (iii) a polyol and (iv) a monocarboxylic acid chain terminating group.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition, a method of reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a direct-injected spark-ignited internal combustion engine, and a use of a lubricant composition to reduce UPI events in such an engine. Preferably, the composition comprises a detergent package comprising a borated calcium detergent, wherein the detergent package provides a calcium content in the composition of at least 0.12 mass %, based on the total mass of the composition, and wherein the borated calcium detergent provides a boron content in the composition of at least 100 ppmm, based on the total mass of the composition. Optionally, the composition comprises a first detergent comprising a calcium detergent, and a second detergent comprising a borated calcium detergent.

Abstract: An automotive lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine comprises (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity in a major amount; and (B) an oil-soluble zinc dithiocarbamate as an additive component in a minor amount in which each of the two amino groups is substituted with an aryl group and with either another aryl group, an aliphatic group or a hydrogen atom, the composition having not greater than 1600 ppm by mass of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorous atom.

Abstract: Hindered amines useful as ashless TBN sources for lubricating oil compositions that are compatible with fluoroelastomeric engine seal materials, and lubricating oil compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: A crankcase lubricating oil composition for the crankcase of a spark-ignited or compression-ignited internal combustion engine, comprising a magnesium-containing detergent, in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-4000 ppm magnesium to the lubricating oil composition, in combination with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible molybdenum compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 600-1500 ppm molybdenum atoms to the lubricating oil composition, and with an oil-soluble or oil-dispersible boron-containing compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 200-600 ppm boron atoms to the lubricating oil composition to improve the friction and fuel economy performance.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition which contains, or is made by admixing: (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity, in a major amount; (B) at least one oil-soluble or oil-dispersible sulfurized fatty acid ester, as an additive in an amount providing the lubricating oil composition with greater than or equal to 0.02 mass % sulphur; and, (C) at least one oil-soluble or oil-dispersible alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate detergent, as an additive in an effective minor amount, providing greater than or equal to 5 mmol of salicylate soap per kilogram of the lubricating oil composition, wherein the lubricating oil composition does not contain a phosphorus ester additive.

Abstract: Hindered amines useful as ashless TBN sources for lubricating oil compositions that are compatible with fluoroelastomeric engine seal materials, and lubricating oil compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: A crankcase lubricating oil composition comprising (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity in a major amount; and (B) an additive component in a minor amount comprising one or more oil-soluble sterically unhindered meta-hydrocarbyl substituted phenols.

Abstract: An automotive lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine comprises (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity in a major amount; and (B) oil-soluble additive components in respective minor amounts comprising (B1) a zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate additive; and (B2) an alkylenebis(dihydrocarbyldithiocarbamate) where at least one of the hydrocarbyl groups in an aryl group, the composition having not greater than 1600 ppm by mass of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus atom.

Abstract: An automotive lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine comprises (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity in a major amount; and (B) oil-soluble additive components in respective minor amounts comprising (B1) a zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate additive; and (B2) an alkylenebis(dihydrocarbyldithiocarbamate) where at least one of the hydrocarbyl groups in an aryl group, the composition having not greater than 1600 ppm by mass of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus atom.

Abstract: Hindered amines useful as ashless TBN sources for lubricating oil compositions that are compatible with fluoroelastomeric engine seal materials, and lubricating oil compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: Tetra-alkylated phenylenediamine compounds useful as ashless TBN sources for lubricating oil compositions that are compatible with fluoroelastomeric engine seal materials and meet copper corrosion requirements, and lubricating oil compositions containing such phenylenediamine compounds.

Abstract: Trunk piston marine engine lubrication, when the engine is fueled by heavy fuel oil, is effected by a composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity containing at least 50 mass % of a Group II basestock, and respective minor amounts of an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent other than such a detergent having a basicity index of less than two and a degree of carbonation of 80% or greater and 5 to 500 mass %, based on the mass of the detergent, of an oil-soluble alkyl-substituted phenol other than a hindered phenol. Asphaltene precipitation in the lubricant, caused by the presence of contaminant heavy fuel oil, is prevented or inhibited.