Abstract: An n-port network analyzer system is calibrated. An initial calibration is performed for each test port in the network analyzer system by first performing a measurement calibration using calibration standards. The calibration standards are located in a reference plane located outside the network analyzer system. The measurement calibration yields initial calibration coefficients. The initial calibration coefficients include Forward Load Match (LMF) and Reverse Load Match (LMR). Electronic standards are measured within the network analyzer system to: produce initial measured electronic standards. The initial calibration coefficients and the initial measured electronic standards are used to generate initial corrected electronic standards. After the initial calibration, automatic re-calibrations are performed periodically. When performing the automatic recalibration, the electronic standards within the network analyzer system are measured to produce recalibration measured electronic standards.

Abstract: An input signal is mixed with sampling signals from oscillators which vary the frequency of the sampling signal from a first frequency to a second frequency. The resulting Intermediate Frequency (IF) signal is processed and digital values are stored in a memory in response thereto. Waveforms are then displayed which correspond to these frequency and amplitude values. Various input and display circuits facilitate the display and interpretation of these waveforms.