Abstract: Improved stabilizer compositions are provided which impart significant long-term stabilization to halogen containing polymers such as polyvinyl chloride. The improved stabilizer compositions incorporate an alkali-metal hydrogen phosphate compound, such as anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate, of a predetermined surface area. The novel inorganic phosphate enables a reduction in the amount of organmetallic stabilizer, if desired, while still yielding long-term stability in the resultant polymer, or the ability to raise process temperature and reduce cycle times of molding operations.

Abstract: A surface modified, U.V. stabilized opaque polyvinyl chloride resin article and process for making same is described. The article includes a white pigment, such as titanium dioxide, in low amounts. The modified surface is substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent, and its appearance and degree of surface perfection is substantially the same as an unmodified side of the article.The process of the invention is characterized by the steps of immersing the polyvinyl chloride article is immersed in a suitable liquid media, then contacted with a solution of an ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and residual stabilizer and solvent are displaced in situ, i.e. in a non-evaporative environment without contacting the air.

Abstract: At least one antistatic agent is incorporated into a thermoplastic polymer by contacting a polyvinyl chloride polymer with a solution comprising a solvent capable of swelling the PVC surface and at least one antistatic agent selected from the group consisting of 1-dodecylpyridinium chloride monohydrate and (R.sup.1).sub.n (R.sup.2).sub.m ammonium halide, wherein n and m are integers of from 0-4 and n+m=4, and wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be different or the same and are alkyl groups of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises running the process at a temperature lower than ambient or room temperature whereat substantially no solid material is formed on the surface of the water layer during the process.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises removing a substantial amount of air dissolved in the water layer to prevent droplets of solution from rising to the surface of the water layer during the process, thereby preventing solid modifier material from accumulating on the water surface.

Abstract: A surface modified U.V. stabilized article is described which includes a resinous sheet whose sides are both exposed to the air. The surface regions of both sides of the sheet are substantially fully modified in situ with a stabilizing amount of an ingredient such as an ultraviolet light stabilizer material, while the exposed surfaces are substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent material. The appearance and degree of surface perfection of the modified sides of the sheet are substantially the same as that of an untreated sheet. The U.V. stabilized resin article is made by a continuous process in which the resin body is immersed in a solution of an ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and thereafter, residual stabilizer and solvent are displaced from the modified surfaces in situ. Both steps in the process are carried out in an environment which is non-evaporative of the solvent.

Abstract: What is described herein is a surface modified U.V. stabilized article which includes a resinous sheet whose sides are both exposed to the air. The surface region of one side of the sheet is substantially fully modified in situ with a stabilizing amount of an ultraviolet light stabilizer material, while the exposed surfaces are substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent material, and the appearance and degree of surface perfection of the modified side are substantially the same as that of the unmodified side of the sheet.The U.V. stabilized resin article is made by a continuous process comprising immersing a resin body in a suitable liquid media, contacting the surface of the immersed body through the liquid with a solution of a ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and displacing residual stabilizer and solvent from the modified surface in situ.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface region of a polymer article by incorporating one or more ingredients therein. Such ingredients may be ultraviolet light stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-static agents, pigments and the like. The polymer article, e.g. a sheet of polyvinyl chloride, is immersed in a liquid (e.g. water) and the immersed article is contacted with a solution of the ingredient in a solvent. The liquid must be one which is non-aggressive towards the article and must also be immiscible with the solvent.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises removing a substantial amount of air dissolved in the water layer to prevent droplets of solution from rising to the surface of the water layer during the process, thereby preventing solid modifier material from accumulating on the water surface.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises running the process at a temperature lower than ambient or room temperature whereat substantially no solid material is formed on the surface of the water layer during the process.

Abstract: A surface modified, U.V. stabilized opaque polyvinyl chloride resin article and process for making same is described. The article includes a white pigment, such as titanium oxide, in low amounts. The modified surface is substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent, and its appearance and degree of surface perfection is substantially the same as an unmodified side of the article.The process of the invention is characterized by the steps of immersing the polyvinyl chloride article is immersed in a suitable liquid media, then contacted with a solution of an ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and residual stabilizer and solvent are displaced in situ, i.e. in a non-evaporative environment without contacting the air.

Abstract: A surface modified U.V. stabilized article is described which includes a resinous sheet whose sides are both exposed to the air. The surface regions of both sides of the sheet are substantially fully modified in situ with a stabilizing amount of an ingredient such as a ultraviolet light stabilizer material, while the exposed surfaces are substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent material. The appearance and degree of surface perfection of the modified sides of the sheet are substantially the same as that of an untreated sheet.The U.V. stabilized resin article is made by a continuous process in which the resin body is immersed in a solution of a ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and thereafter, residual stabilizer and solvent are displaced from the modified surface in situ. Both steps in the process are carried out in an environment which are non-evaporative of the solvent.

Abstract: A composition and process for modifying the surface region of a polymer article. The composition is a mixture of a resin surface modifier ingredient, a resin-swellable organic solvent and a surfactant additive. The composition is contacted with the surface of a resin article, while the article is immersed in a liquid which may also contain a surfactant which is non-aggressive toward the article and immiscible with the solvent. The surfactant alters the wetting characteristics of the air-liquid, or liquid-surface modifier interfaces, or both interfaces, so that a film of the modifier ingredient does not form on the surface of the liquid layer.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface region of a polymer article by incorporating one or more ingredients therein. Such ingredients may be ultraviolet light stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-static agents, pigments and the like. The polymer article, e.g. a sheet of polyvinyl chloride, is immersed in a liquid (e.g. water) and the immersed article is contacted with a solution of the ingredient in a solvent. The liquid must be one which is non-aggressive towards the article and must also be immiscible with the solvent.Any residual solution remaining on the contacted surface may be displaced therefrom, preferably by directing a jet of water onto the contacted surface, while avoiding escape of any solvent into the atmosphere.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises removing a substantial amount of air dissolved in the water layer to prevent droplets of solution from rising to the surface of the water layer during the process, thereby preventing solid modifier material from accumulating on the water surface.

Abstract: A surface modified, U.V. stabilized opaque polyvinyl chloride resin article and process for making same is described. The article includes a white pigment, such as titanium dioxide, in low amounts. The modified surface is substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent, and its appearance and degree of surface perfection is substantially the same as an unmodified side of the article.The process of the invention is characterized by the steps of immersing the polyvinyl chloride article is immersed in a suitable liquid media, then contacted with a solution of an ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and residual stabilizer and solvent are displaced in situ, i.e. in a non-evaporative environment without contacting the air.

Abstract: What is described herein is a process of making a U.V. stabilized PVC article wherein the surface region of the article is modified with a U.V. stabilizer and the treated surface is substantially free of residual stabilizer thereon. The process includes the steps of (a) applying a solution of a U.V. stabilizer in a solvent which is capable of swelling the PVC but is otherwise non-aggressive thereto, and (b) displacing residual solution remaining on said thus treated surface by a liquid which is non-miscible with said solvent.In the preferred form of the invention, step (b) is carried out by contacting the treated surface with water to cause physical removal of the residual solution out of its position on the treated surface, such as by agitation, a jet stream, ultrasonics, and the like.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface region of a polymer article by incorporating one or more ingredients therein. Such ingredients may be ultraviolet light stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-static agents, pigments and the like. The polymer article, e.g. a sheet of polyvinyl chloride, is immersed in a liquid (e.g. water) and the immersed article is contacted with a solution of the ingredient in a solvent. The liquid must be one which is non-aggressive towards the article and must also be immiscible with the solvent. Any residual solution remaining on the contacted surface may be displaced therefrom, preferably by directing a jet of water onto the contacted surface, while avoiding escape of any solvent into the atmosphere.