Abstract: A method for a secure Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS) authentication protocol measures the walking gait of a user approaching a related vehicle using a passive key device carried by the user. The method also includes measuring the user's gait from the perspective of the vehicle using a vehicle perception system to compare the two and validate the security of an unlock request, authenticate the unlocking session, and protect against relay attacks. The two-factor authentication protocol validates the physical presence and temporal state of the key fob or mobile phone relative to the vehicle using detected key gait measurement (key G-gait) and a vehicle perception-based gait (C-gait) measurement by comparing the independent gaits and generating control commands responsive to consistent and inconsistent measurements.

Abstract: A method for a secure Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS) authentication protocol measures the walking gait of a user approaching a related vehicle using a passive key device carried by the user. The method also includes measuring the user's gait from the perspective of the vehicle using a vehicle perception system to compare the two and validate the security of an unlock request, authenticate the unlocking session, and protect against relay attacks. The two-factor authentication protocol validates the physical presence and temporal state of the key fob or mobile phone relative to the vehicle using detected key gait measurement (key G-gait) and a vehicle perception-based gait (C-gait) measurement by comparing the independent gaits and generating control commands responsive to consistent and inconsistent measurements.

Abstract: Example user identification systems and methods are described. In one implementation, a method determines a first step pulse associated with a user carrying a key fob and detects a user device proximate the key fob. The method further identifies a second step pulse measured by the user device and determines whether the first and second step pulses match. If the step pulses match, the user carrying the key fob is identified as the owner of the user device.

Abstract: A method for a secure Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS) authentication protocol measures the walking gait of a user approaching a related vehicle using a passive key device carried by the user. The method also includes measuring the user's gait from the perspective of the vehicle using a vehicle perception system to compare the two and validate the security of an unlock request, authenticate the unlocking session, and protect against relay attacks. The two-factor authentication protocol validates the physical presence and temporal state of the key fob or mobile phone relative to the vehicle using detected key gait measurement (key G-gait) and a vehicle perception-based gait (C-gait) measurement by comparing the independent gaits and generating control commands responsive to consistent and inconsistent measurements.

Abstract: Example user identification systems and methods are described. In one implementation, a method determines a first step pulse associated with a user carrying a key fob and detects a user device proximate the key fob. The method further identifies a second step pulse measured by the user device and determines whether the first and second step pulses match. If the step pulses match, the user carrying the key fob is identified as the owner of the user device.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can determine a plurality of lane change maneuvers based on the time to collision. The computing device can determine a field of safe travel to execute the lane change maneuvers without braking to a stop and display the field of safe travel to an occupant.

Abstract: A computer in a vehicle is programmed to instruct a steering system of the vehicle to perform a lateral steering action depending on whether a steering-wheel angle is greater than a threshold angle, and to determine and apply an amount of torque to a steering wheel based on comparing the steering-wheel angle to the threshold angle.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle, programmed to pilot a vehicle by adaptive cruise control and determine a lane change maneuver based on the adaptive cruise control and determined traffic in an adjacent lane. The computing device can display a prompt to an occupant based on the lane change maneuver.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can determine a time bound for a lane change maneuver based on determining a reaction time, an occupant acceptance time, a vehicle maneuver time and a maneuver cancellation time and request authorization to perform the lane change maneuver. The computing device can determine the time bound has expired, and cancel the authorization request based on the expired time bound.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can be programmed to determine a time to a collision and a field of safe travel, select one of a first and a second haptic output based on (a) the field of safe travel and (b) a predetermined time threshold. The computing device can deliver the first haptic output via a steering wheel when the time to collision is greater than the predetermined time threshold and deliver the second haptic output via the steering wheel when the time to collision is less than or equal to the predetermined time threshold.

Abstract: A computer in a vehicle is programmed to change a steering angle of the vehicle and rotate a steering wheel of the vehicle to a steering-wheel angle based on the steering angle at a preset future time and a determined ratio of the steering-wheel angle to the steering angle. The determined ratio varies based at least on vehicle speed.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can be programmed to determine a virtual steerable path polynomial including a lane change maneuver, update the virtual steerable path polynomial by controlling a vehicle trajectory, and, pilot the vehicle based on the virtual steerable path polynomial. The computer further programmed to determine the virtual steerable path polynomial based on the vehicle trajectory.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle, programmed to pilot a vehicle by adaptive cruise control and determine a lane change maneuver based on the adaptive cruise control and determined traffic in an adjacent lane. The computing device can display a prompt to an occupant based on the lane change maneuver.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can be programmed to determine a time to a collision and a field of safe travel, select one of a first and a second haptic output based on (a) the field of safe travel and (b) a predetermined time threshold. The computing device can deliver the first haptic output via a steering wheel when the time to collision is greater than the predetermined time threshold and deliver the second haptic output via the steering wheel when the time to collision is less than or equal to the predetermined time threshold.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can determine a plurality of lane change maneuvers based on the time to collision. The computing device can determine a field of safe travel to execute the lane change maneuvers without braking to a stop and display the field of safe travel to an occupant.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can determine a time bound for a lane change maneuver based on determining a reaction time, an occupant acceptance time, a vehicle maneuver time and a maneuver cancellation time and request authorization to perform the lane change maneuver. The computing device can determine the time bound has expired, and cancel the authorization request based on the expired time bound.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can be programmed to determine a virtual steerable path polynomial including a lane change maneuver, update the virtual steerable path polynomial by controlling a vehicle trajectory, and, pilot the vehicle based on the virtual steerable path polynomial. The computer further programmed to determine the virtual steerable path polynomial based on the vehicle trajectory.

Abstract: A computing device in a vehicle can be programmed to display a predicted path based on a planned lane change maneuver and execute the lane change maneuver. While the lane change maneuver is being executed, the computing device can update the predicted path display based on the lane change maneuver.

Abstract: A computer in a vehicle is programmed to change a steering angle of the vehicle and rotate a steering wheel of the vehicle to a steering-wheel angle based on the steering angle at a preset future time and a determined ratio of the steering-wheel angle to the steering angle. The determined ratio varies based at least on vehicle speed.

Abstract: A computer in a vehicle is programmed to instruct a steering system of the vehicle to perform a lateral steering action depending on whether a steering-wheel angle is greater than a threshold angle, and to determine and apply an amount of torque to a steering wheel based on comparing the steering-wheel angle to the threshold angle.