Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous method to prepare encapsulated cyclopropenes, a method to purify cyclopropene gas, and a method to prepare an ?-cyclodextrin/cyclopropene complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous method to prepare encapsulated cyclopropenes, a method to purify cyclopropene gas, and a method to prepare an &agr;-cyclodextrin/cyclopropene complex.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solventless process for the catalytic hydrogenation of esters of 4,4,4-trihaloacetoacetic acid using a platinum catalyst in the presence of an acid or base co-catalyst to provide the analagous 3-hydroxybutyrate ester. Such 3-hydroxybutyrate esters are useful as solvents, cleaners or fine chemical intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing esters or thioesters of trifluoroacetic acid from trifluoroacetyl chloride and an alcohol or a thiol with the ester or thioester being present as the solvent. Esters and thioesters of trifluoroacetic acid are fine chemical intermediates which can be used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, liquid crystals, dyes and industrial chemicals. Trifluoroacetate esters and thioesters can also be used as solvents in the manufacture of other fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, liquid crystals, industrial chemicals and dyes.

Abstract: A nucleophilic substitution reaction on optionally substituted dihalobenzenes is carried out in the presence of an optional catalyst followed by formation of and subsequent carboxylation of a Grignard reaction intermediate. In particular the present invention provides a process leading to optionally substituted hydroxybenzoic, alkanoyloxybenzoic, formyloxybenzoic and alkoxybenzoic acids from 1-substituted 2,6-dihalobenzenes. The invention also provides a process for the direct formation of an acyl chloride from a Grignard reagent by quenching with phosgene.

Abstract: Nucleophilic substitution reactions on halobenzenes or triflyl substituted benzenes are carried out in the presence of catalysts. In particular the present invention provides a process leading to optionally substituted hydroxybenzoic, alkanoyloxybenzoic, formyloxybenzoic and alkoxybenzoic acids and optionally substituted hydroxybenzonitriles and alkoxybenzonitriles from substituted 2,6-dihalobenzenes, 2-halo-6-triflylbenzene and 2,6-ditriflylbenzenes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 5-methylene cyclic carbamates either by cyclization of an alkynyl amine with carbon dioxide in the presence of a copper catalyst or by forming an isocyanate from a substituted acetoacetamide followed by hydrolysis. The 5-methylene cyclic carbamates by either method are converted to 5-(chloromethylene) cyclic carbamates, using trichloroisocyanuric acid, followed by hydrolysis to a chloroketoamine.The chloroketoamine from the process of this invention additionally can be reacted with an organic acid chloride to form an amide compound which is useful as a fungicide.

Abstract: Nucleophilic substitution reactions on halobenzenes are carried out in the presence of catalysts. In particular the present invention provides a process leading to optionally substituted hydroxybenzoic and alkoxybenzoic acids and optionally substituted hydroxybenzonitriles and alkoxybenzonitriles from substituted 2,6-dihalobenzenes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing 3-amino-4,4,4-trihalocrotonates and their derivatives from a 4,4,4-trihaloacetoacetate derivative and an amine or ammonium salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preparing 3-amino-4,4,4-trihalocrotonates and their derivatives from a 4,4,4-trihaloacetoacetate derivative and an amine or ammonium salt.