Abstract: A system and method for pumping fluid through an organ donors organs while monitoring the fluid and organs. A pump is configured to pump fluid from a fluid reservoir through an oxygenator that oxygenates the fluid, a heat exchanger that regulates the temperature of the fluid, and into an organ donors circulatory system or a severed organ. At least one sensor array is coupled to the system to monitor the fluid and organ/s. The fluid pumped through the system is blood or flushing fluid, and the two can be used one at a time. The information gathered by the at least one sensor array is used to inform the system to make changes to increase the organ's likelihood of successful transplant.

Abstract: An endoscope comprises a handle and a shaft with an optical housing at the distal end of the shaft enclosing a camera sensor positioned so that its optical axis is at an angle with respect to a rotational axis of the shaft. The camera sensor is rotatable with the shaft relative to a proximal housing of the handle. A rotation sensor in the handle detects the rotational angle of the camera sensor with respect to the proximal housing. A processor can correct the angular orientation of an image from the image sensor, converting of a rotating variable field of view to a translating variable field of view. A processor can apply variable smoothing of the rotation of the displayed image so that smoothing during rotational deceleration is greater than smoothing during rotational acceleration. The shaft may be enclosed in a trocar that allows for a space between the shaft and trocar that can be used to carry irrigation fluid to or from a space at the end of the shaft.

Abstract: An endoscope comprises a handle and a shaft with an optical housing at the distal end of the shaft enclosing a camera sensor positioned so that its optical axis is at an angle with respect to a rotational axis of the shaft. The camera sensor is rotatable with the shaft relative to a proximal housing of the handle. A rotation sensor in the handle detects the rotational angle of the camera sensor with respect to the proximal housing. A processor can correct the angular orientation of an image from the image sensor, converting of a rotating variable field of view to a translating variable field of view. A processor can apply variable smoothing of the rotation of the displayed image so that smoothing during rotational deceleration is greater than smoothing during rotational acceleration. The shaft may be enclosed in a trocar that allows for a space between the shaft and trocar that can be used to carry irrigation fluid to or from a space at the end of the shaft.

Abstract: A system and method for tissue perfusion to assess, maintain, mature, and possibly rehabilitate the tissue. The system of the present teachings includes a tissue enclosure having a fluid reservoir. Pumps, valves, and a controller move perfusate through the tissue. The system includes features to assist in monitoring the health of the tissue, and a removable tray to facilitate moving the tissue from a point of origin to the tissue enclosure. The system moves perfusate to and through the tissue, and provides nutrition to the tissue. The system includes an output flow rate/volume sensor, at least one infusion pump, disposable and durable parts, and a sensor suite.

Abstract: A system and method for maintaining the vitality of an organ through negative pressure ventilation and perfusion. The system includes fluidically coupled components: an organ enclosure, a diaphragm enclosure, an actuator/pump, a perfusion system, and a reservoir. The actuator can displace a precise amount of a working fluid that displaces that precise amount of a sterile support fluid. The sterile fluid travels between the diaphragm enclosure and the organ enclosure, thereby ventilating the organ within the organ chamber. The perfusion system circulates a perfusate through the organ.

Abstract: System and method for maintaining an organ and transporting the organ from a donor to a recipient, maintaining normothermic temperature of the organ. The system includes a circulation system providing oxygenated perfusate to the organ and enabling continuous monitoring of the perfusate moving through the organ. The tank can provide an inlet that can accept selected infusible materials, and an outlet that can enable sampling and waste removal. The system can continually monitor the solution bath in which the organ is bathed, and the system can manage the composition of the gas in the tank.

Abstract: A sequential planetary stack transmission system is provided. The system includes a stack of planetary gear sets, each gear set including a sun gear engageable with a rotatable central shaft, and freely rotatable concentrically about the central input or output shaft when not engaged with the central shaft. A plurality of planet gears engage with the sun gear, and a ring gear engages with the planet gears. The ring gears form a ring gear barrel rotatable as a unit concentrically with respect to the central shaft. A shifting assembly within the hollow central shaft engages sequentially with the sun gears to provide a desired gear ratio. The planetary stack assembly and the shifting assembly are disposed within a case. The system is suitable for a variety of applications, and is particularly suitable for bicycles.

Abstract: A sequential planetary stack transmission system is provided. The system includes a stack of planetary gear sets, each gear set including a sun gear engageable with a rotatable central shaft, and freely rotatable concentrically about the central input or output shaft when not engaged with the central shaft. A plurality of planet gears engage with the sun gear, and a ring gear engages with the planet gears. The ring gears form a ring gear barrel rotatable as a unit concentrically with respect to the central shaft. A shifting assembly within the hollow central shaft engages sequentially with the sun gears to provide a desired gear ratio. The planetary stack assembly and the shifting assembly are disposed within a case. The system is suitable for a variety of applications, and is particularly suitable for bicycles.