Abstract: Modular Rydberg architectures for fault tolerant quantum computing are provided. A first array and a second array of neutral atoms are provided. Each neutral atom has a first state and an excited Rydberg state. Each neutral atom is arranged to impose a Rydberg blockade on at least its nearest neighbors in its array when in the excited Rydberg state, thereby implementing a plurality of physical qubits. Each array comprises data qubits, and syndrome qubits. The syndrome qubits are configured to implement a quantum error correcting code with respect to the data qubits. Each array includes a subarray of communication qubits having a lower dimensionality than the array. Each communication qubit of the first subarray forms a Bell pair with one communication qubit of the second subarray. The first and second arrays of neutral atoms are configured to interact with each other only via the communication qubits.

Abstract: An all-to-all coupled, high-fidelity, error-correctable quantum computer can scale to hundreds of qubits within a single cavity of moderate cooperativity with existing neutral atom technology. This quantum processor can enact teleported gates among any pair of qubits using a local Rydberg interaction between each qubit and a separate network of atoms that distribute entanglement via a cavity mode. Small atomic ensembles at network nodes allow for ultrafast, nondestructive readout with high fidelity by substantially shifting the resonance of even a poor-quality cavity. Fast readout enables near-deterministic entanglement distribution among network atoms despite cavity losses as well as syndrome measurements of qubit atoms for error correction.

Abstract: An all-to-all coupled, high-fidelity, error-correctable quantum computer can scale to hundreds of qubits within a single cavity of moderate cooperativity with existing neutral atom technology. This quantum processor can enact teleported gates among any pair of qubits using a local Rydberg interaction between each qubit and a separate network of atoms that distribute entanglement via a cavity mode. Small atomic ensembles at network nodes allow for ultrafast, nondestructive readout with high fidelity by substantially shifting the resonance of even a poor-quality cavity. Fast readout enables near-deterministic entanglement distribution among network atoms despite cavity losses as well as syndrome measurements of qubit atoms for error correction.