Abstract: Performance of an encoding process and a decoding process for a sound signal is enhanced. A representative value calculating part 110 calculates, for each frequency section by a plurality of samples fewer than the number of frequency samples of a sample sequence of a frequency domain signal corresponding to an input acoustic signal, from the sample sequence of the frequency domain signal, a representative value of the frequency section from sample values of samples included in the frequency section, for each of predetermined time sections. A signal companding part 120 obtains, for each of the predetermined time sections, a frequency domain sample sequence obtained by multiplying a weight according to a function value of the representative value by a companding function for which an inverse function can be defined and each of the samples corresponding to the representative value in the sample sequence of the frequency domain signal, as a sample sequence of a weighted frequency domain signal.

Abstract: Performance of an encoding process and a decoding process for a sound signal is enhanced. A representative value calculating part 110 calculates, for each frequency section by a plurality of samples fewer than the number of frequency samples of a sample sequence of a frequency domain signal corresponding to an input acoustic signal, from the sample sequence of the frequency domain signal, a representative value of the frequency section from sample values of samples included in the frequency section, for each of predetermined time sections. A signal companding part 120 obtains, for each of the predetermined time sections, a frequency domain sample sequence obtained by multiplying a weight according to a function value of the representative value by a companding function for which an inverse function can be defined and each of the samples corresponding to the representative value in the sample sequence of the frequency domain signal, as a sample sequence of a weighted frequency domain signal.

Abstract: A system management method is disclosed for associating a process object and a process with each node in a tree structure, and operating each node based on the tree structure so as to manage the process object and the process, including: registering a registered user that performs operations for a general node corresponding to the process object or for a function node corresponding to the process; setting the function node as a child node of the general node corresponding to the process object for which the process corresponding to the function node should be performed, and setting the general node as a parent node of the function node; setting registered user operation authority for each registered user; and, when execution of the process corresponding to the function node is requested by the registered user, causing the function node to execute the process only when the process is permitted by the registered user operation authority, of the registered user requesting the process, set in the general node tha

Abstract: A database access control apparatus generates and stores an access key based on a user ID of a user apparatus. Then, the database access control apparatus sends the access key to the user apparatus with an address of a proxy process server apparatus. The user apparatus sends the access key to the proxy process server apparatus when making a database access request, and the proxy process server apparatus sends the access key to the database access control apparatus when making a database process request. When receiving the database process request, the database access control apparatus determines whether an access key same as the access key received from the proxy process server apparatus is stored in the database access control apparatus, and accesses the database only if having the access key.

Abstract: A system management method is disclosed for associating a process object and a process with each node in a tree structure, and operating each node based on the tree structure so as to manage the process object and the process, including: registering a registered user that performs operations for a general node corresponding to the process object or for a function node corresponding to the process; setting the function node as a child node of the general node corresponding to the process object for which the process corresponding to the function node should be performed, and setting the general node as a parent node of the function node; setting registered user operation authority for each registered user; and, when execution of the process corresponding to the function node is requested by the registered user, causing the function node to execute the process only when the process is permitted by the registered user operation authority, of the registered user requesting the process, set in the general node tha

Abstract: A disclosed database access control apparatus generates and stores an access key based on a user ID of a user apparatus. Then, the database access control apparatus sends the access key to the user apparatus with an address of a proxy process server apparatus. The user apparatus sends the access key to the proxy process server apparatus when making a database access request, ad the proxy process server apparatus sends the access key to the database access control apparatus when making a database process request. When receiving the database process request, the database access control apparatus determines whether an access key the same as the access key received from the proxy process server apparatus is stored in the database access control apparatus, and accesses the database only if having the access key.