Abstract: A method for industrial refining of coal ash created in power plants and carbonaceous ashes produced in other combustion processes by separating coal from said ashes and returning it to use and by recovering a substantially coal-free ash fraction obtained in the refining. In the method, coal ash and at least one ash fraction created by gasification technique in combustion plants are carefully proportioned in relation to one another and formed into a slurry mixture by means of an efficient dispersion technique, the slurry being then led to a flotation step, where a fraction rich in coal and a siliceous fraction poor in coal and a fraction dissolving in the process water are separated by flotation.

Abstract: A method for industrial refining of coal ash created in power plants and carbonaceous ashes produced in other combustion processes by separating coal from said ashes and returning it to use and by recovering a substantially coal-free ash fraction obtained in the refining. In the method, coal ash and at least one ash fraction created by gasification technique in combustion plants are carefully proportioned in relation to one another and formed into a slurry mixture by means of an efficient dispersion technique, the slurry being then led to a flotation step, where a fraction rich in coal and a siliceous fraction poor in coal and a fraction dissolving in the process water are separated by flotation.

Abstract: Method for industrial processing of charcoal ash (1) created in the power plants by separating a carbonaceous product from the mentioned charcoal ash to be reused and by gathering essentially carbon free, siliceous ash products gained during the processing.

Abstract: Method for industrial processing of charcoal ash (1) created in the power plants by separating a carbonaceous product from the mentioned charcoal ash to be reused and by gathering essentially carbon free, siliceous ash products gained during the processing.

Abstract: A method for industrial production of especially fine powders and mineral powders, where the material to be ground is mixed to a gas-solid matter suspension, which through acceleration nozzles (12) is led at least to two counter jets, which meet in grinding chamber (13) for further grinding of the powders. The ground gas-solid matter suspension is led in its turn by means of working gas at least to two intermediate containers (2a);(2b) in the grinding circulation, in which containers the gas is removed from the mixture and into intermediate container (2) a certain quantity of solid matter is collected, which quantity is returned to be ground and led to the other container (2) and the said quantity is circulated through the grinding process among intermediate containers (2a);(2b) until in some container the quality is established sufficient for removal off the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to industrial production of fine dispersed powders, where the material to be pulverized is mixed with high-pressure working into a gas-solids suspension, which through acceleration nozzles (8) is conveyed to the pulverizing chamber of counterjet pulverizer (9) for autogenous pulverization. The method is known in that the pulverized gas solids suspension is conveyed in the pulverizing circle at least to one intermediate tank (12), where the gas is removed from the blend and solids are collected into intermediate tank (12), which are returned together with new raw material for pulverization till in the equipment a wanted circulation load is achieved, whereafter the process continues so that from it as much ready product is removed as new material is added to it.

Abstract: A method for industrial production of especially fine powders and mineral powders, where the material to be ground is mixed to a gas-solid matter suspension, which through acceleration nozzles (12) is led at least to two counter jets, which meet in grinding chamber (13) for further grinding of the powders. The ground gas-solid matter suspension is led in its turn by means of working gas at least to two intermediate containers (2a);(2b) in the grinding circulation, in which containers the gas is removed from the mixture and into intermediate container (2) a certain quantity of solid matter is collected, which quantity is returned to be ground and led to the other container (2) and the said quantity is circulated through the grinding process among intermediate containers (2a);(2b) until in some container the quality is established sufficient for removal off the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to industrial production of fine dispersed powders, where the material to be pulverized is mixed with high-pressure working into a gas-solids suspension, which through acceleration nozzles (8) is conveyed to the pulverizing chamber of counterjet pulverizer (9) for autogenous pulverization. The method is known in that the pulverized gas solids suspension is conveyed in the pulverizing circle at least to one intermediate tank (12), where the gas is removed from the blend and solids are collected into intermediate tank (12), which are returned together with new raw material for pulverization till in the equipment a wanted circulation load is achieved, whereafter the process continues so that from it as much ready product is removed as new material is added to it.

Abstract: The invention concerns a micronizing device comprising a grinding housing with an outlet opening at one end, two coaxially positioned rotatably driven hollow axles entering the grinding house through two opposite side walls thereof, each of said axles having an inner end provided with a conically enlarging disc defining a grinding chamber, a circumferential outlet gap being formed between said discs, each disc being provided with at least one concentrically positioned ring of axially directed taps or wings near the circumference of the disc, the rings having different diameters, so that said discs can be driven to rotate in opposite directions, two acceleration nozzles are brought into the grinding chamber through the hollow axles, said nozzles being directed towards a common point in the grinding chamber away from a center point of said grinding chamber. The invention concerns also a method using said device.

Abstract: A method and a equipment for processing of particularly finely divided material. The material is fed by means of a mechanical feeder device (2) and a pressurized equalization tank (4) into a fluidization chamber (5). A fluidized gas-solids suspension received is accelerated through acceleration nozzles (20) into a grinding chamber of a counter-jet grinder (19) so as to grind the solid particles. The ground gas-solids suspension is passed through connecting pipe (7) into a centrifugal classifier (8). A fine fraction is removed as a gas suspension through an opening (9). Additional air of low pressure is passed into the connecting pipe (7) and the coarse fraction is removed from the centrifugal classifier through a removal opening (10) in the peripheral face of the classifier into a pocket (12) outside said peripheral face, whereby the coarse fraction in the pocket (12) is removed batchwise by means of a closing device (13).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus for improving the grinding result of a pressure chamber grinder. According to the method the finely divided material to be ground is fed by means of a mechanical feeder device (1) into a pressurized equalizing tank (2), the possibly clodded material is made loose by means of a rotor in the equalizing tank, and the material thus made loose is transferred into a pre-grinder (3), wherein several grinding-gas jets are applied to the material to be ground so that the material to be ground is fluidized, the fluidized material-gas flow is passed into a bisecting device (6), wherein it is divided into two component flows of equivalent magnitude and composition, each component flow is passed into the main grinding chamber (9) through a long accelerating nozzle (8) of its own, which said nozzle is directed so that a collision zone for the two component flows is formed in the center point of the said main grinding chamber.

Abstract: A variable transmission automatically changing its transmission ratio in accordance with the resistance to propagation of the vehicle, in which the force-transmitting transmission link is a V-belt (1) or equivalent and in which at least the secondary pulley consists of cup disks (2,3) urged against each other and interconnected with a multiple-end screw (4,5) and a compression spring (7). As taught by the invention, the compression spring (7) is at the same time a torsion spring, and its initial position is settable at assembly or adjustable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the grinding result of a pressure chamber grinder includes a feeder for feeding material into a pressurized equalizing tank, then transferring the material into a pre-grinder where the material is fluidized by grinding-gas jets. The fluidized material-gas flow is divided by a bisecting device into two component flows and it is accelerated through two accelerating nozzles which are directed toward a impact point of a main grinding chamber. The grinding chamber has an outlet connected to an acceleration tube inlet which is connected at its discharge to a free-flow grinder provided with tangentially directed grinding-gas nozzles. The material which passes through the nozzles is in a ready ground final product form is removed constantly through a centrally located exhaust pipe.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a grinder housing of a pressure chamber grinder, which said grinder housing comprises a substantially cylindrical outer mantle (1), end walls (2, 3), at least two accelerating nozzles (4) passing radially through the outer mantle (1), between which said nozzles there is an obtuse angle, as well as a discharge opening (5) made into one of the end walls (3) for the ground product.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a device for feeding a material to be ground into a pressure chamber grinder provided with an equalizing tank (1), in which said equalizing tank (1) there is substantially the same pressure as in the pre-grinding part of the grinder, with which said pre-grinding part the equalizing tank (1) communicates via screw conveyor. The said device is installed in the top portion of the equalizing tank.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a pressure chamber grinder equipment in which finely divided material is ground to ultra-finely divided particles at each other at an elevated pressure. The objective of the invention is to achieve maximal economies of energy and an optimal grinding process. The invention is characterized in that the equipment comprises at least one horizontal plug pipe (1) provided with a feeder funnel and with a push cylinder (2), a pressurized equalizing tank (3) connected to the plug pipe (3), a screw conveyor (4) being passed across the bottom portion of the tank (3) for the purpose of feeding the material in a loose state into a pre-grinder (6), at whose outlet side the material-gas flow is divided into component flows of precisely equivalent speed and composition, which component flows are passed each through a grinding nozzle (10) of its own, of the shape of a venturi tube, into the grinding chamber proper, the nozzles being directed conically towards each other.

Abstract: A pressure-chamber grinder comprises a grinder chamber of substantially circular section, which chamber is provided with a feed opening for the material to be ground, fed as a gas-tight plug, and the opposite end of which chamber is provided with an outlet opening for the ground material. Tangentially directed grinding-gas nozzles are fitted and are uniformly spaced around the entire circumference of the mantle face of the grinder chamber, or at least of part of same. The object of the present invention is to force the entire material flow to rush into every grinding zone.

Abstract: A device for preliminary crushing of a possibly clogged material to be ground and for feeding of the material into a jet mill containing a compressed flow of circulating grinding gas and material, so as to produce ultra-fineground admixtures to be used in industry which includes a plunger and screw conveyor. The device comprises a substantially vertical plug pipe, which is at its upper end provided with a feeder funnel and which is at its bottom end, either directly or via an additional pipe, connected to the jet mill above the zone of a grinding gas nozzle. At the upper end of the plug pipe preferably in its feeder funnel, at least one plunger is provided which moves back and forth and which both crushes any clogged material and forces the crushed material as a tight plug through the pipe into the jet mill. The additional pipe carries the screw for conveying the material to the mill.