Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides methods for determining susceptibility to bone damage in a subject. In some embodiments, the methods comprise screening for polymorphisms in the MTHFR and collagen I?1 genes that are associated with susceptibility to bone damage. In some embodiments, the methods comprise screening for elevated levels of homocysteine in a subject, wherein elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of bone damage. The methods of the invention may be used in predicting the response of a patient to treatment. Also provided are methods for prevention or reducing the risk of bone damage in a subject.