Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, used to monitor behavior with respect to a software program. In one aspect, a method includes playing media content using a first program that is limited to a first security context corresponding to a first domain of the first program, the first program having an object in the first security context corresponding to the media content; receiving an event including information indicating a monitoring program; instantiating the monitoring program in a second security context that is applicable to multiple domains, including the first domain, the instantiated monitoring program having access from the second security context to the object of the first program in the first security context; and receiving from the monitoring program information regarding playing of the media content.

Abstract: A method enabling VoIP communication sessions between a VoIP based client application and a non-VoIP standards based client application. The method includes providing a server on a digital communications network that includes runs or provides media proxy. The media proxy receives a media packet from the first communications application formatted according to a first protocol. The method includes performing packet translation on the media packet to generate a media packet that is formatted according to a second protocol that differs from the first protocol but that is used by a second communications application. The method includes transporting the translated media packet to the second communications application over the network. The packet translation includes translating the protocol while simply copying the audio-video data or payload from the original message.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for caching fragmented streaming media, e.g., for caching fragmented media documents streamed in accordance with HTTP, are described in this specification. In one aspect, a system including means for obtaining, locally, fragments of a media document from a remote media source based on a manifest that refers to storage locations where the fragments are stored at the remote media source. Further, the system includes means for generating index points into a locally cached media item of the obtained fragments, the generated index points being different from any index point of the manifest. Additionally, the system includes means for playing the locally cached media item based on the generated index points.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for caching fragmented streaming media, e.g., for caching fragmented media documents streamed in accordance with HTTP, are described in this specification. In one aspect, a system including means for obtaining, locally, fragments of a media document from a remote media source based on a manifest that refers to storage locations where the fragments are stored at the remote media source. Further, the system includes means for generating index points into a locally cached media item of the obtained fragments, the generated index points being different from any index point of the manifest. Additionally, the system includes means for playing the locally cached media item based on the generated index points.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, used to monitor behavior with respect to a software program. In one aspect, a method includes playing media content using a first program that is limited to a first security context corresponding to a first domain of the first program, the first program having an object in the first security context corresponding to the media content; receiving an event including information indicating a monitoring program; instantiating the monitoring program in a second security context that is applicable to multiple domains, including the first domain, the instantiated monitoring program having access from the second security context to the object of the first program in the first security context; and receiving from the monitoring program information regarding playing of the media content.

Abstract: A method enabling VoIP communication sessions between a VoIP based client application and a non-VoIP standards based client application. The method includes providing a server on a digital communications network that includes runs or provides media proxy. The media proxy receives a media packet from the first communications application formatted according to a first protocol. The method includes performing packet translation on the media packet to generate a media packet that is formatted according to a second protocol that differs from the first protocol but that is used by a second communications application. The method includes transporting the translated media packet to the second communications application over the network. The packet translation includes translating the protocol while simply copying the audio-video data or payload from the original message.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method includes collecting, at a sending device, information including first information regarding an amount of encoded media data produced by a media encoder, and second information regarding an amount of encoded media data passed to, but not yet transmitted by, a transport layer network protocol stack; calculating, from the first information, an intermediate quantity of produced encoded media data, and from the first information and the second information, a rate of encoded media data transmission by the transport layer network protocol stack; and if the intermediate quantity compares favorably to a current media rate set for media data provided to the media encoder, increasing the current media rate by a rate adjustment amount, if the rate of encoded media data transmission compares unfavorably to the current media rate, decreasing the current media rate, else, maintaining the current media rate.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, are described for live media playback adaptive buffer control. For example, when media accumulated in the live buffer exceeds a user-configured threshold, media can be played out faster. In this manner, the media player is configured not to discard media packets, but rather to render the buffered media faster to slowly eliminate accumulated backlog. Preventing unbounded buffer accumulation may be desirable in applications like video surveillance, live video broadcast, webcast, and the like.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method includes collecting, at a sending device, information including first information regarding an amount of encoded media data produced by a media encoder, and second information regarding an amount of encoded media data passed to, but not yet transmitted by, a transport layer network protocol stack; calculating, from the first information, an intermediate quantity of produced encoded media data, and from the first information and the second information, a rate of encoded media data transmission by the transport layer network protocol stack; and if the intermediate quantity compares favorably to a current media rate set for media data provided to the media encoder, increasing the current media rate by a rate adjustment amount, if the rate of encoded media data transmission compares unfavorably to the current media rate, decreasing the current media rate, else, maintaining the current media rate.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) dividing each frame into a two-dimensional array of macroblocks; ii) detecting motion between each macroblock of a current frame and the corresponding macroblock of a previous frame, and coding only those macroblocks where motion is detected; iii) replacing all coefficients of non-coded macroblocks with zero coefficients; iv) applying discrete cosine transformation to coded macroblocks; v) reorganizing coefficients into a multi-resolution representation; vi) quantizing the coefficients with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and vii) adaptive arithmetic coding of said signal by encoding the motion information, encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) applying a three-dimensional wavelet-based temporal and spatial decomposition to produce a plurality of spatio-temporal subbands; ii) quantizing the coefficients of the spatio-temporal subbands with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and iii) run-length and adaptive arithmetic coding of the signal by encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit-plane.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) applying a three-dimensional wavelet-based temporal and spatial decomposition to produce a plurality of spatio-temporal subbands; ii) quantizing the coefficients of the spatio-temporal subbands with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and iii) ran-length and adaptive arithmetic coding of the signal by encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit-plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a window-based method for controlling the rate of data transmission for computer software applications transmitting data using packet switched protocols. The method is suitable for real-time applications, such as Internet video conferencing, which require low transmission latency, and which can tolerate some level of packet loss.

Abstract: A method of encoding an input video signal for communication over a computer network, the method comprising the steps of: i) dividing each frame into a two-dimensional array of macroblocks; ii) detecting motion between each macroblock of a current frame and the corresponding macroblock of a previous frame, and coding only those macroblocks where motion is detected; iii) replacing all coefficients of non-coded macroblocks with zero coefficients; iv) applying discrete cosine transformation to coded macroblocks; v) reorganizing coefficients into a multi-resolution representation; vi) quantizing the coefficients with a uniform scalar quantizer to produce a significance map; and vii) adaptive arithmetic coding of said signal by encoding the motion information, encoding the significance map, encoding the signs of all significant coefficients, and encoding the magnitudes of significant coefficients, in bit-plane order starting with the most significant bit.

Abstract: A device for distributing resources of a given physical network among logical links by subdividing physical link capacities into logical links using an algorithm. The device comprises a first neural network, in which one part of the algorithm is implemented, and a second neural network, in which a second part of the algorithm is implemented, said two neural networks interworking to compute logical link capacities. Furthermore, a method for distributing resources of a given physical network among logical links by subdividing physical link capacities into said logical links is provided. More specifically, the method involves the use of a first neural network, in which one part of an algorithm is implemented, and a second neural network, in which a second part of an algorithm is implemented, said two neural networks interworking to compute logical link capacities so that the operation of the physical network, given an objective function, is generally optimized, according to the objective function.