Abstract: A memory device includes a memory cell array, a refresh controller, and control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of rows. The refresh controller performs a refresh operation on the plurality of rows. The control logic controls a care operation on a first adjacent region that is most adjacent to a first row based on a number of times the plurality of rows are accessed during a first period. The control logic also controls a care operation on a second adjacent region that is second adjacent to a second row based on a number of times the plurality of rows are accessed during a second period. The first and second periods are different periods.

Abstract: A polarization film and a display apparatus are provided. The polarization film includes first polarization layers and second polarization layers. The first polarization layers have a first refractive index with respect to a first polarization; and the second polarization layers have a second refractive index with respect to the first polarization and are arranged in each interval between the first polarization layers. The first polarization layers reflect light of the first polarization having color coordinates based on a thickness of the first polarization layers, at a boundary that touches the second polarization layers. The display apparatus includes a display panel and the polarization film.

Abstract: A memory device includes a memory cell array, a refresh controller, and control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of rows. The refresh controller performs a refresh operation on the plurality of rows. The control logic controls a care operation on a first adjacent region that is most adjacent to a first row based on a number of times the plurality of rows are accessed during a first period. The control logic also controls a care operation on a second adjacent region that is second adjacent to a second row based on a number of times the plurality of rows are accessed during a second period. The first and second periods are different periods.

Abstract: A display panel includes an upper plate including a first substrate, a first electrode layer formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, and an absorptive polarizing film formed on an outer surface of the first substrate and having a first polarization axis, a lower plate including a second substrate, a second electrode layer formed on an inner surface of the second substrate, and a reflective polarizing film formed on an outer surface of the second substrate and having a second polarization axis perpendicular or parallel to the first polarization axis, an LC layer filled between the upper plate and the lower plate, and an LC driving power supply connected between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and configured to selectively provide an LC driving voltage to the LC layer changing a polarization direction of incident light in the LC layer.

Abstract: A polarization film and a display apparatus are provided. The polarization film includes first polarization layers and second polarization layers. The first polarization layers have a first refractive index with respect to a first polarization; and the second polarization layers have a second refractive index with respect to the first polarization and are arranged in each interval between the first polarization layers. The first polarization layers reflect light of the first polarization having color coordinates based on a thickness of the first polarization layers, at a boundary that touches the second polarization layers. The display apparatus includes a display panel and the polarization film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept is provided the liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel which displays images; backlight unit which provides light to the liquid crystal panel; and an optical sheet unit which is placed between the liquid crystal panel and backlight, wherein the optical sheet unit includes at least one scattering particle optical sheet where scattering particles are provided.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a control method thereof are provided. The display apparatus includes: a power supply which supplies power to elements of the display apparatus; a mirror which is switchable between a mirror mode and a transparency mode; and a controller which controls the power supply. When power is shut off from the mirror, the mirror operates in the mirror mode, and when power is supplied to the mirror, the mirror operates in the transparency mode.

Abstract: A display panel includes an upper plate including a first substrate, a first electrode layer formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, and an absorptive polarizing film formed on an outer surface of the first substrate and having a first polarization axis, a lower plate including a second substrate, a second electrode layer formed on an inner surface of the second substrate, and a reflective polarizing film formed on an outer surface of the second substrate and having a second polarization axis perpendicular or parallel to the first polarization axis, an LC layer filled between the upper plate and the lower plate, and an LC driving power supply connected between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer and configured to selectively provide an LC driving voltage to the LC layer changing a polarization direction of incident light in the LC layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept is provided the liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel which displays images; backlight unit which provides light to the liquid crystal panel; and an optical sheet unit which is placed between the liquid crystal panel and backlight, wherein the optical sheet unit includes at least one scattering particle optical sheet where scattering particles are provided.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal display panel and an apparatus including the same, the liquid crystal display panel including: a first substrate which includes a first incident surface to receive light and a first emission surface to emit the light; a second substrate which includes a second incident surface to receive the light from the first emission surface of the first substrate, and a second emission surface to emit the light from the second incident surface, and spaced from the first substrate at an interval; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a wire grid layer which is disposed in at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate and focuses and polarizes the light.

Abstract: An optical device comprises a light source unit comprising a plurality of light sources, a light mixing unit that is formed on the light source unit and comprises a light guiding part guiding light emitted from each light source, and a light mixing part mixing the guided light. A supporter supports the light mixing unit to be spaced from the light source unit. A small-sized optical device is provided having an enhanced light efficiency and a projection system having the same.

Abstract: A backlight unit including a plurality of light-emitting device units with varying arrangement intervals such that the light-emitting device units are more densely arranged at edges of a base plate than at center thereof, and a liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus employing the same. The backlight unit is designed to prevent creation of dark portions on corners due to a shortage in an amount of light, thereby providing improved brightness uniformity.

Abstract: A back light assembly having uniform interior temperature to prevent quality deterioration of a liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display including the same includes a light guide plate, a light source unit to emit light to an edge of the light guide plate, a lower cover to receive the light guide plate and the light source unit, heat generated from the light source unit being transferred to the lower cover, and a heat insulator provided adjacent to at least one region of the lower cover in an area to correspond to the light source unit.

Abstract: A backlight unit and an image display module are provided. The backlight unit includes a micro-lens unit, and a light source unit, wherein the direction in which the plurality of lenses are arranged is at an oblique angle relative to the direction in which the plurality of light sources are arranged. Accordingly, uniform brightness is provided to a display apparatus.

Abstract: A color filter unit and a projection system employing the same. The color filter unit includes a first color selection polarization conversion element, which converts a polarization direction of a beam in a specific color band of an incident light, and a color filter, which separates light passed through the first color selection polarization conversion element according to color, so that color mixture in spectral boundaries between color beams is prevented. Because the color mixture occurring when beams into which light emitted from a white light source is separated are combined is prevented, the quality of an image is improved.

Abstract: A side emitting device, a backlight unit using the same as a light source, and a liquid crystal display (LCD) employing the backlight unit. The side emitting device includes a light-emitting device to emit light, and a side emitter to change the path of at least part of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. The side emitter includes a first reflecting surface reflecting light emitted from the light-emitting device in a first range of angles close to a central axis, a first refracting surface refracting the light reflected by the first reflecting surface obliquely downward from the horizontal axis, and a second refracting surface refracting light emitted from the light-emitting device in a second range of angles complementary to the first range of angles. The backlight unit includes at least an array of side emitting devices, a reflection diffusion plate and a first transmission diffusion plate.

Abstract: A projection system and method for reducing noise in the projection system are provided comprising a light source unit, an illuminator for collecting light supplied from the light source unit, a diffraction device for receiving light from the illuminator and recognizes an image, a projection lens for projecting the image recognized by the diffraction device, and a screen for displaying the projected image. The light source unit comprises a plurality of light sources for supplying light in different colors, and the illuminator comprises a light synthesizing unit for synthesizing light supplied from the light source unit, a polarization divider for reflecting one polarized light of the synthesized light and transmitting the other polarized light perpendicular to the reflected light, and a phase difference slit disposed between the polarization divider and the diffraction device. Thus, a small-sized projection system is provided which lowers optical noise.

Abstract: An optical device comprises a light source unit comprising a plurality of light sources, a light mixing unit that is formed on the light source unit and comprises a light guiding part guiding light emitted from each light source, and a light mixing part mixing the guided light. A supporter supports the light mixing unit to be spaced from the light source unit. A small-sized optical device is provided having an enhanced light efficiency and a projection system having the same.

Abstract: A backlight unit and an LCD apparatus employing the same. The backlight unit includes: a base plate, a plurality of light emitting units arranged on the base plate to form at least one line, an optical plate disposed above the plurality of light emitting units, and a light transmission diffusion plate disposed on the optical plate to diffuse and transmit incident light. The optical plate includes: a plurality of reflection mirrors formed at a lower surface thereof to face the plurality of light emitting units to reflect light directly emitted upward from the plurality of light emitting device units, and a saw-tooth reflection/refraction pattern formed at an upper surface thereof to spread incident light at a wide angle.

Abstract: A backlight unit including a plurality of light-emitting device units with varying arrangement intervals such that the light-emitting device units are more densely arranged at edges of a base plate than at center thereof, and a liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus employing the same. The backlight unit is designed to prevent creation of dark portions on corners due to a shortage in an amount of light, thereby providing improved brightness uniformity.