Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery fire extinguishing device which prevents, delays, or extinguishes a battery fire by applying an electric field to a battery when there is a sign of a battery fire. The present invention comprises a battery, and electrode plates formed on both poles of the battery and applying an electric field to the battery when there is a sign of a fire in the battery, and thereby, the present invention prevents, delays, or extinguishes a battery fire by applying an electric field to the battery when there is a sign of a battery fire.

Abstract: An electrically assisted pressure joining apparatus and an electrically assisted pressure joining method join a first metal member and a second metal member together, and includes an electrode portion, an intermediate portion including a plurality of micropores and inserted between a first metal member and a second metal member, and a pressure portion connected to the electrode portion to receive a current from the electrode portion and transfer the current to the first metal member and the second metal member to apply a pressure to the first metal member such that the first metal member and the second metal member are joined together by the intermediate portion.

Abstract: An article has two configurations including a shipping configuration box and a display configuration box. The article is formed from a folded cardboard blank which includes a sidewall portion, a plurality of top flaps, a plurality of bottom flaps, and a support tab. The sidewall portion is vertically bounded between a top fold line and a bottom fold line. The plurality of bottom flaps are joined to the sidewall portion along the bottom fold line. One of the bottom flaps extends from the bottom fold line to a distal edge which defines a tab fold line. The support tab is joined to the distal edge along the tab fold line. The support tab is configured to fold upwardly along the tab fold line and to engage an edge of a product container to support the product container in an upright orientation for product display.

Abstract: An electrically assisted pressure joining apparatus and an electrically assisted pressure joining method join a first metal member and a second metal member together, and includes an electrode portion, an intermediate portion including a plurality of micropores and inserted between a first metal member and a second metal member, and a pressure portion connected to the electrode portion to receive a current from the electrode portion and transfer the current to the first metal member and the second metal member to apply a pressure to the first metal member such that the first metal member and the second metal member are joined together by the intermediate portion.

Abstract: An article for treating the rim of a beverage glass includes a tray, an edible liquid substance, an edible particulate substance, and a cover. The sheet has an upper surface with a plurality of recesses extending downwardly from the upper surface. The edible liquid substance and the edible particulate substances are separately disposed in different recesses. The cover is assembled to the upper surface to retain the edible substances within the recesses.

Abstract: An article for treating the rim of a beverage glass includes a tray, an edible liquid substance, an edible particulate substance, and a cover. The sheet has an upper surface with a plurality of recesses extending downwardly from the upper surface. The edible liquid substance and the edible particulate substances are separately disposed in different recesses. The cover is assembled to the upper surface to retain the edible substances within the recesses.

Abstract: A crystal comestible product and method of making it are provided. The crystal comestible product is suitable for use as a food additive, a flavor additive, a nutritional additive, and decoration. The crystal comestible product includes a matrix of edible crystals surrounding air pockets and free spaces, providing a light crunchy crispy texture. The crystal comestible product may include ingredients that add flavor, color, nutritional value, texture, structure, or stability. Suitable ingredients include fresh herbs, fresh flowers, spices, natural and synthetic flavors, nuts, vitamins and minerals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a carbon-sulfur composite, a carbon-sulfur composite manufactured by the method, and an electrochemical device including the same. Since the carbon-sulfur composite manufactured by the carbon-sulfur composite manufacturing method of the present invention includes the hollow carbon ball having the inner hollow which is uniformly filled with sulfur, a sulfur content increases to increase a capacity characteristic increases. In addition, even though sulfur is changed into a liquid state during charge and discharge processes, an electrode structure is not destroyed to realize a stable lifetime characteristic.

Abstract: Providing for reduced complexity or improved accuracy in de-mapping received wireless data streams for multi-channel wireless communication is described herein. By way of example, a low-complexity likelihood algorithm can be employed to de-map data bits from the wireless data streams. In one particular example, the likelihood algorithm can approximate a received bit with a subset of received wireless symbols correlated the bit, reducing algorithm complexity. In other examples, a limited set of received wireless symbols can be employed for the subset, further reducing algorithm complexity. According to at least one other example, logarithmic terms of the algorithm can be approximated with non-logarithmic functions, such as a look-up table, series expansion, polynomial approximation, or the like. These approximations can enhance symbol de-mapping accuracy while maintaining or improving processing overhead for a wireless receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for channel estimation in wireless communications are provided. After an initial channel estimation and an estimation of the effective channel length (ECL) are performed, a weighting based on the ECL may be applied in an effort to remove noise from the initial channel estimate and provide an estimated channel with increased accuracy. Different weightings may apply for different channel lengths. A threshold may be used during the ECL estimation, and the threshold may be predetermined or calculated in an effort to adapt to different channel environments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding of tailbiting convolutional codes (TBCC) are disclosed. The proposed modified maximum-likelihood TBCC decoding technique preserves error correction performance of optimal maximum-likelihood based TBCC decoding, while the computational complexity is substantially decreased since a reduced number of decoding states has been evaluated. Compare to other sub-optimal TBCC decoding algorithms, modified maximum-likelihood TBCC decoding achieves improved packet error rate performance with similar computational complexity.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid receiver diversity scheme that involves combining received signals in accordance with a combination of multiple receive diversity schemes. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid transmit diversity scheme that involves transmitting diversity signals to a receiver according to a transmit diversity scheme selected based on signal quality measurements received from the receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed is a combined formulation for oral administration to treat cardiovascular disease, including (a) cholesterol lowering agent mini-tablet having a diameter of 7.5 mm or less, which contain a cholesterol lowering agent, a stabilizer thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and have a coating layer on the surface thereof, and (b) antithrombotic agent mini-tablets or mini-pellets having a diameter of 7.5 mm or less, which contain an antithrombotic agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and include an enteric coating film on the surface thereof. This formulation can improve treatment compliance depending on a combination prescription, and is controlled so that the cholesterol lowering agent is released in the gastrointestinal tracts and the antithrombotic agent is released in the intestines, thus suppressing the reactions and the side-effects between the drugs, inducing synergic effects of these drugs in vivo, and achieving improved stability.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for high throughput unified turbo decoding comprising loading data from a first data window; computing a first forward state metric using the data from the first data window; storing the first forward state metric in a memory; computing a first reverse state metric using the data from the first data window; storing the first reverse state metric in the memory; and computing the log likelihood ratio (LLR) of the first forward state metric and the first reverse state metric. In one aspect, the above-mentioned steps are repeated with data from a second data window. In another aspect, extrinsic information for the first data window associated with the unified turbo decoding is computed.

Abstract: A synchronization and detection method in a wireless device may include performing coarse detection and synchronization with respect to a received signal. The synchronization and detection method may also include performing fine detection and synchronization for acquisition of the received signal. Results of the coarse detection and synchronization may be used for the fine detection and synchronization. The synchronization and detection method may also include performing tracking mode processing when the acquisition of the received signal has been achieved.

Abstract: In accordance with a method for identifying a preamble sequence and for estimating an integer carrier frequency offset, a signal that comprises a preamble sequence from a set of possible preamble sequences is received. A reduced set of integer carrier frequency offset (CFO) candidates may be determined. Cross-correlation operations may be performed with respect to the received signal and multiple candidate transmitted signals. Each candidate transmitted signal may include one of the set of possible preamble sequences. In addition, each candidate transmitted signal may correspond to one of the reduced set of integer CFO candidates. Multiple correlation values may be determined as a result of the cross-correlation operations. The correlation values may be used to identify the preamble sequence and to estimate the integer CFO.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for initially decoding a frame control header (FCH) in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system in an effort to accurately determine the downlink frame prefix (DLFP) such that the remainder of an OFDM/A frame may be properly decoded are provided. Used, for example, when boosting factors applied in the transmitter to various elements of the OFDM/A frame and/or available pilots for the FCH are unknown, such methods may utilize a preamble channel estimate, the FCH pilots, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes techniques to process signals in a communication system, in which multiple signal processing units process signals received from multiple antennae. The signal processor units are controlled by operational-mode control signals, which are generated using an estimated Carrier-to-Interference-Noise-Ratio (CINR). The estimated CINR is generated using an equalized and combined signal, which is generated from the received signals and the estimated channel responses using the processed signals according to an operational mode. In another embodiment, a controller generates sub-carrier allocation signals using an allocation base. A channel status information (CSI) and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) controller generates sub-carrier CSI signals and operational-mode control signals using the sub-carrier allocation signals, estimated channel responses, and estimated CINR. The operational-mode control signals select one of multiple antenna paths.

Abstract: In accordance with a detection method in a wireless communication system, an initial hypothesis for a starting position of a desired signal within a received wireless communication signal may be determined. The desired signal may have a conjugate symmetric property. At least one correlation value may be determined based on the initial hypothesis. The at least one correlation value may indicate the extent to which at least one sample sequence selected from the received signal has the conjugate symmetric property.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding encoded data bits of a wireless communication transmission are provided. A set of a-priori bit values corresponding to known bit values of the encoded data bits may be generated. Decoding paths that correspond to decoded data bits that are inconsistent with the a-priori bit values may be removed from the possible decoding paths to consider, and decoding the encoded data bits by selecting a decoding path from remaining decoding paths of the possible decoding paths that were not removed.