Abstract: An electrode structure and an electrochemical cell including the electrode structure are provided. The electrode structure includes a porous three-dimensional (3D) outer net including an interconnected plurality of outer metal lines that define a plurality of outer holes between adjacent ones of the outer metal lines. The outer metal lines include a porous 3D inner net, a first layer coating the inner net, and a second layer coating the first layer. The inner net includes an interconnected plurality of inner metal lines that define a plurality of inner holes between adjacent ones of the inner metal lines. The inner metal lines include a first metal. The first layer includes a second metal. The second layer includes a third metal.

Abstract: A method for providing an input prediction service in a first mobile terminal, the method includes receiving a message, from a second mobile terminal, at the first mobile terminal using a first application program, extracting specific text included in the received message, and identifying prediction information based on the extracted text. An apparatus to provide an input prediction service in a first mobile terminal, the apparatus includes a first application program to receive a message from a second mobile terminal, and a recognition unit to extract specific text included in the receive message and to identify prediction information based on the extracted text.

Abstract: A display apparatus is disclosed. The display apparatus includes a display panel, a photonic crystal array which is arranged on at least one side of the display panel and displays an image based on an applied voltage, an electrode which applies voltage to the photonic crystal array, and a controller which controls so that voltage is applied to the photonic crystal array based on image information displayed on the display panel.

Abstract: A cable connector device for an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a connector port disposed in the electronic device, one or more magnet coupling parts, each of the one or more magnet coupling parts which is disposed around the connector port, a cable connector device removably coupled to the connector port, and one or more magnet coupling bodies, each of the one or more magnet coupling bodies which is installed in the cable connector device and has the same polarity as that of each of the one or more magnet coupling parts, wherein each of the one or more magnet coupling parts and each of one or more magnet coupling bodies are disposed in positions where they are pushed by repulsive force when the cable connector device is mounted in a reverse direction.

Abstract: A display apparatus and control method are provided. The display apparatus includes a transparent display panel, an image processor that processes an image signal to display an image on the transparent display panel based on the processed image signal, a sensor which senses a user located in front of and behind the transparent display panel. The display apparatus includes a controller that determines by the sensor whether a user is located in front of, or behind, the transparent display panel if the image is displayed on the transparent display panel to be normally recognized by a user located in front of the transparent display panel. The controller controls the image processor to selectively display on the transparent display panel a reverse image of the image to be normally recognized by a user located behind the transparent display panel according to the determination.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a display panel including a pixel electrode and a plurality of first signal lines transmitting a driving signal to the pixel electrode, a conductive member on the first signal lines, the conductive member having a resin, and a second signal line on the conductive member, the second signal line having an opening through which the resin travels to couple the second signal line with one of the first signal lines.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a reformer which generates a reformed gas through a reforming reaction between a gaseous fuel and water and supplies the reformed gas to the fuel cell stack, a fuel tank which compresses the gaseous fuel, stores the compressed fuel in an at least a partially liquid phase, and supplies the gaseous fuel to the reformer, a water tank connected to the fuel tank and the reformer to store water and to supply the water to the reformer by an internal air pressure of the fuel tank, and a first valve installed in a connection line connecting the water tank to the fuel tank to selectively open or close the connection line according to an electrical on/off pulse signal.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a control method thereof are capable of preventing anode flooding due to a temperature difference between a stack and reformate upon starting a fuel cell system. The method of controlling a fuel cell system including steps of detecting a temperature of a fuel cell stack, detecting a temperature of reformate that is generated in a fuel reformer and then is supplied to the fuel cell stack through a heat exchanger, and setting the temperature of the reformate to be lower than the temperature of the fuel cell stack during a starting time of the fuel cell system.

Abstract: A micro reforming reactor includes a first substrate with a micro channel having a width of less than 1,000 ?m bonded to a second substrate to form a micro tunnel. An adhesive layer is formed on the internal walls of the micro tunnel using a flow coating method. A catalyst may then be optionally formed on the adhesive coated internal walls of the micro tunnel, also using a flow coating method.

Abstract: A reformer of a fuel cell system and a fuel cell system including a reformer are disclosed. The reformer includes a reformation unit comprising a pipe through which fuel passes. The pipe is formed from a material adapted to induce a catalytic reformation reaction in the pipe. The reformer includes a heat source unit for heating and evaporating the fuel by heating the pipe. The fuel cell system includes such a reformer, a stack for generating electricity through an electrochemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, a fuel supply unit, and an air supply unit.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a yttrium hydroxycarbonate modified with a heterogeneous metal, a method of preparing the same, an adsorbent for a heavy metal including the same, and a filter device including the same. The modified yttrium hydroxycarbonate may have a pore size distribution with a pore diameter peak of less than or equal to 10 nm.

Abstract: An auto ignition type autothermal reformer (ATR) performs reproducible ignition using a catalyst that performs ignition without a separate ignition unit, such as an igniter or heating wire, and a fuel cell system having the ATR. The ATR includes a reaction container having a first opening through which a fuel is introduced into the reaction container and a second opening through which a reformate is discharged from the reaction container, the fuel having a mixture of an aqueous primary fuel solution and hydrogen peroxide; a first catalyst disposed adjacent to the first opening in the reaction container, the first catalyst being a granular catalyst; a second catalyst disposed at the rear portion of the first catalyst to promote an autothermal reforming reaction; and a third catalyst disposed at the rear portion of the second catalyst to promote an oxidation reaction.

Abstract: A method of driving a heating unit for a fuel cell reformer, a reformer applied with the method for driving the heating unit, and/or a fuel cell system including the reformer. The method includes: supplying an oxidant to the heating unit and absorbing the oxidant by a fuel oxidizing catalyst of the heating unit; supplying a fuel at an excessive amount to the heating unit and absorbing the fuel by the fuel oxidizing catalyst of the heating unit; and supplying the fuel and the oxidant to the heating unit at a stoichiometric ratio of the fuel to the oxidant ranging from 1:1 to 2:1, wherein the heating unit generates heat through an oxidizing catalyst reaction between the fuel and the oxidant.

Abstract: An electrochemical battery including: a housing; a pouch-shaped solid electrolyte disposed in the housing and having an open end; an insulator that is disposed on the open end of the solid electrolyte to cover the open end and includes a plurality of protrusions facing the open end of the solid electrolyte; at least two types of sealants disposed between the solid electrolyte and the insulator and having different glass transition temperatures, respectively; a first electrode material disposed inside the pouch-shaped solid electrolyte; and a second electrode material disposed outside the pouch-shaped solid electrolyte.

Abstract: A fuel reforming apparatus including reaction substrates is provided. The reaction substrates of the present invention is made of stainless steel, nickel steel, or chromium steel. Each of the reaction substrates has a channel formed on the surface of the reaction substrate. Reactant for oxidation reaction or for fuel reforming reaction flow through the channel. A catalyst containing layer is formed on the surface of the channel by directly oxidizing the surface of the channel. Therefore, the catalyst containing layer is formed with oxidized steel. A catalyst layer is formed on the catalyst containing layer. A pair of substrates can be laminated to make one substrate a thermal source unit and another a reforming reaction unit.

Abstract: A plate-type heat exchanger for use in a fuel cell system that has a fuel cell stack and a reformer is provided. The heat exchanger includes a substrate and a pair of cover plates. The substrate has a first face and a second face opposite to the first face. The substrate is disposed between the cover plates, and combined with the cover plates to form a first passageway and a second passageway. The first passageway is formed in the first face and circulates steam discharged from the fuel cell stack. The steam or water condensed from the steam is supplied to a water supply source. The second passageway is formed in the second face, and circulates water supplied from the water supply source. The water is supplied to the reformer after the circulation. The heat exchanger of the present invention improves performance and efficiency of a fuel cell system.

Abstract: An electrode structure and an electrochemical cell including the electrode structure are provided. The electrode structure includes a porous three-dimensional (3D) outer net including an interconnected plurality of outer metal lines that define a plurality of outer holes between adjacent ones of the outer metal lines. The outer metal lines include a porous 3D inner net, a first layer coating the inner net, and a second layer coating the first layer. The inner net includes an interconnected plurality of inner metal lines that define a plurality of inner holes between adjacent ones of the inner metal lines. The inner metal lines include a first metal. The first layer includes a second metal. The second layer includes a third metal.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte is disclosed. The solid electrolyte includes a main portion that includes ?-alumina or ??-alumina, and an edge portion integrally provided with the main portion. The edge portion has a mixed portion that includes ?-alumina and includes ? alumina or ??-alumina. A concentration gradient of the ?-alumina in the edge portion decreases in a first direction from the edge portion to the main portion.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a housing; a solid electrolyte dividing the housing into a first electrode chamber and a second electrode chamber; a first electrode material accommodated in the first electrode chamber; a second electrode material accommodated in the second electrode chamber; a current collector extending in a first direction in the first electrode chamber; an extended current collector unit extending from the current collector in a second direction; and an electron channel unit on at least one of the current collector and the extended current collector unit.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a circuit board and a surface grounded portion which is disposed on an end portion of the circuit board and formed of a conductive layer. The display apparatus may include a signal receiver mounted on the circuit board, the signal receiver receiving a signal. The display apparatus may include a signal processor mounted on the circuit board, the signal processor processing signals received by the signal receiver.