Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to searching files. In aspects, a search engine is able to search not only the current files but also is able to search for deleted and previous versions of files that satisfy queries. The search engine may maintain an index that facilitates searches. In addition, the search engine may also determine not only that a file satisfies a query but what version(s) of the file satisfies the query.

Abstract: A computing system includes at least one processor and memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the computing system to instruct a synchronization engine to synchronize first and second versions of a file, the first version being stored on a first storage system and the second version being stored on a second storage system, receive a backoff indicator corresponding to the file, based on the backoff indicator, instruct the synchronization engine to backoff synchronizing changes to the file, and allow the changes to the file to be synchronized by a co-authoring application, maintain a first set of collaborative metadata indicative of content of the first version of the file, and maintain a second set of collaborative metadata indicative of content of the second version of the file.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to backups and change journals. In aspects, a change journal is read to determine changes that have occurred to objects of a file system. From these changes a data structure is created to capture path information and collect changes for each object. Where the data structure is insufficient to identify a complete path, the live file system is consulted. After the data structure is complete, a data protection engine uses the data structure to update a catalog at least to provide the capability to view the namespace of the protected objects at one or more times covered by the catalog.

Abstract: A computing system includes at least one processor and memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the computing system to instruct a synchronization engine to synchronize first and second versions of a file, the first version being stored on a first storage system and the second version being stored on a second storage system, receive a backoff indicator corresponding to the file, based on the backoff indicator, instruct the synchronization engine to backoff synchronizing changes to the file, and allow the changes to the file to be synchronized by a co-authoring application, maintain a first set of collaborative metadata indicative of content of the first version of the file, and maintain a second set of collaborative metadata indicative of content of the second version of the file.

Abstract: A synchronization engine detects a notification of a change to a file. It determines whether an application associated with the file has indicated that the file is to be synchronized by the application. If so, the changes to the file are synchronized between a cloud-based storage system and a local disk by the application. Collaborative metadata, associated with the synchronized file, is updated to indicate a state of a copy of the file on the local disk and a copy of the file in the cloud-based storage system. The collaborative metadata is stored by the synchronization engine.

Abstract: Aspects of the technology described herein can provide enhanced metadata to authentically report the provenance of a file. An exemplary computing device may have a file broker to receive an indication from a first security principal to write a file to a file system. The file broker can use one file utility to write the file, but use another file utility to write an identification of the first security principal and its opinion about the file into metadata associated with the file. Subsequently, the identification of the first security principal and its opinion may be used to authentically report the provenance of the file and applied in other security applications.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to backups and change journals. In aspects, a change journal is read to determine changes that have occurred to objects of a file system. From these changes a data structure is created to capture path information and collect changes for each object. Where the data structure is insufficient to identify a complete path, the live file system is consulted. After the data structure is complete, a data protection engine uses the data structure to update a catalog at least to provide the capability to view the namespace of the protected objects at one or more times covered by the catalog.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to searching files. In aspects, a search engine is able to search not only the current files but also is able to search for deleted and previous versions of files that satisfy queries. The search engine may maintain an index that facilitates searches. In addition, the search engine may also determine not only that a file satisfies a query but what version(s) of the file satisfies the query.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to searching files. In aspects, a search engine is able to search not only the current files but also is able to search for deleted and previous versions of files that satisfy queries. The search engine may maintain an index that facilitates searches. In addition, the search engine may also determine not only that a file satisfies a query but what version(s) of the file satisfies the query.

Abstract: Aspects of the technology described herein can provide enhanced metadata to authentically report the provenance of a file. An exemplary computing device may have a file broker to receive an indication from a first security principal to write a file to a file system. The file broker can use one file utility to write the file, but use another file utility to write an identification of the first security principal and its opinion about the file into metadata associated with the file. Subsequently, the identification of the first security principal and its opinion may be used to authentically report the provenance of the file and applied in other security applications.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to backups and change journals. In aspects, a change journal is read to determine changes that have occurred to objects of a file system. From these changes a data structure is created to capture path information and collect changes for each object. Where the data structure is insufficient to identify a complete path, the live file system is consulted. After the data structure is complete, a data protection engine uses the data structure to update a catalog at least to provide the capability to view the namespace of the protected objects at one or more times covered by the catalog.

Abstract: A synchronization engine detects a notification of a change to a file. It determines whether an application associated with the file has indicated that the file is to be synchronized by the application. If so, the changes to the file are synchronized between a cloud-based storage system and a local disk by the application. Collaborative metadata, associated with the synchronized file, is updated to indicate a state of a copy of the file on the local disk and a copy of the file in the cloud-based storage system. The collaborative metadata is stored by the synchronization engine.

Abstract: A system in which a file system may operate on a volume in which the logical address extent of the volume is divided into multiple tiers, each tier providing storage having a distinct trait set by mapping the logical addresses of the volume to appropriate underlying storage systems. A volume system exposes the volume to the file system in a manner that the file system itself has awareness of the tiers, and is aware of the trait sets of each tier. The file system may thus store file system namespaces (such as directories and files) into the tiers as appropriate for the file system namespace. A provisioning system may also be provided and be configured to provision the volume to include such tiers, and if desired, to extend the tiers.

Abstract: A file system that operates on an underlying volume that has multiple tiers, each tier including a particular trait set. Upon creating or otherwise identifying a file system namespace (such as a directory or file) that is in a volume or that is to be included within the volume, a storage trait set to be applied corresponding to the file system namespace is identified. Then, the storage trait set is compared against the trait sets for the multiple tiers to identify a tier into which to store the file system namespace. The file system namespace is then caused to be stored within the identified tier. Thus, the file system is provided with a volume that has multiple tiers (each having different trait sets) to choose from in storing files.

Abstract: A system in which a file system may operate on a volume in which the logical address extent of the volume is divided into multiple tiers, each tier providing storage having a distinct trait set by mapping the logical addresses of the volume to appropriate underlying storage systems. A volume system exposes the volume to the file system in a manner that the file system itself has awareness of the tiers, and is aware of the trait sets of each tier. The file system may thus store file system namespaces (such as directories and files) into the tiers as appropriate for the file system namespace. A provisioning system may also be provided and be configured to provision the volume to include such tiers, and if desired, to extend the tiers.

Abstract: A file system that operates on an underlying volume that has multiple tiers, each tier including a particular trait set. Upon creating or otherwise identifying a file system namespace (such as a directory or file) that is in a volume or that is to be included within the volume, a storage trait set to be applied corresponding to the file system namespace is identified. Then, the storage trait set is compared against the trait sets for the multiple tiers to identify a tier into which to store the file system namespace. The file system namespace is then caused to be stored within the identified tier. Thus, the file system is provided with a volume that has multiple tiers (each having different trait sets) to choose from in storing files.

Abstract: The positioning a block of data within a storage hierarchy. For the given block of data, demand statistics are accumulated for each of multiple time periods by evaluating input/output operations on the block of data during the time period and assigning a resulting demand value to the time period for that time period. This is done for multiple time periods so that the accumulated demand for a given point of time may be calculated using the assigned demand values for the previous time periods. The accumulated demand may then be used to determine a level in the storage hierarchy that the block of data should be placed. This allows for the more in-demand memory blocks to be placed in higher in the storage hierarchy. Thus, the principles described herein allow for efficient use of computing resources.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to searching files. In aspects, a search engine is able to search not only the current files but also is able to search for deleted and previous versions of files that satisfy queries. The search engine may maintain an index that facilitates searches. In addition, the search engine may also determine not only that a file satisfies a query but what version(s) of the file satisfies the query.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to searching files. In aspects, a search engine is able to search not only the current files but also is able to search for deleted and previous versions of files that satisfy queries. The search engine may maintain an index that facilitates searches. In addition, the search engine may also determine not only that a file satisfies a query but what version(s) of the file satisfies the query.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject matter described herein relate to searching files. In aspects, a search engine is able to search not only the current files but also is able to search for deleted and previous versions of files that satisfy queries. The search engine may maintain an index that facilitates searches. In addition, the search engine may also determine not only that a file satisfies a query but what version(s) of the file satisfies the query.