Abstract: In a method for monitoring a winding temperature of a winding of an electric machine powered by a converter, a heating power applied to the winding of the electric machine is determined and evaluated using a thermal model. A relative increase in a resistance of the winding, when the winding heats up, is determined from the heating power in comparison with a standard reference value for 20° C. winding temperature. The winding temperature is calculated from the relative increase in the resistance, and a warning signal and/or a switch-off signal is generated when a critical winding temperature value is exceeded.

Abstract: In a method for controlling a dynamoelectric machine, in particular a dynamoelectric rotary machine, an ambient air pressure of the dynamoelectric machine is ascertained by determining an altitude and/or by measuring the ambient air pressure, and a power output of the dynamoelectric machine is adapted as a function of the ambient air pressure to counteract an air pressure which drops as installation altitude rises and an associated deterioration of cooling properties, and to ensure a sufficient cooling of the machine.

Abstract: In a method for monitoring a winding temperature of a winding of an electric machine powered by a converter, a heating power applied to the winding of the electric machine is determined and evaluated using a thermal model. A relative increase in a resistance of the winding, when the winding heats up, is determined from the heating power in comparison with a standard reference value for 20° C. winding temperature. The winding temperature is calculated from the relative increase in the resistance, and a warning signal and/or a switch-off signal is generated when a critical winding temperature value is exceeded.

Abstract: A path sensor includes at least one electromagnetic converter element and a magnetic circuit having at least one conductance piece (3, 4; 9, 10; 15, 16; 17, 18; 22, 23) and at least one magnet (2; 7, 8; 14; 20, 21). By movement of an element, an effect of the magnetic flux measurable by the converter element is affected. All parts of the magnetic circuit are immovable relative to one another during the path measurement, and the magnetic circuit and the converter element are moveable relative to one another. A change of the magnetic field plottable by the converter element is affected by a change of the air gap (d) in the magnetic circuit during the movement, and the conductance pieces of the magnetic circuit have a shape that conforms to the trajectory of the converter element, so that based on a change of the width (d) of the air gap in the trajectory (5; 6; 13), a predeterminable signal in the converter element is provided.

Abstract: A path sensor includes at least one electromagnetic converter element (5; 15) and a magnetic circuit having at least one conductance piece (2, 3, 4; 12, 13, 14) and at least one magnet (6; 11). By movement of an element, an effect of the magnetic flux that is measurable by the at least one converter element (5; 15) is effected. The conductance pieces (2, 3, 4; 12, 13) and the converter element (5; 15) are disposed in unchanged positions relative to one another during the path measurement, and a change of a magnetic field that is determinable by the converter element (5; 15) is effected by a movement of the magnet (6; 11) into the measured field. The magnet (6; 11) is polarized in a direction of the measured path (7; 10) in a predetermined area (8; 16) for beginning of an immersion into the measured field, as opposed to adjoining area (9; 17).