Abstract: Described is a breathing system that covers a person's head with a flexible hood material. One aspect provides a protective hood, including: a flexible hood material having a closed top portion and a neck portion; a viewing window disposed within the flexible hood material; a breathing inlet disposed in the flexible hood material and providing for breathing air to enter into an interior of the protective hood; an exhalation valve disposed interior to the protective hood; and a sealing arrangement disposed at the neck portion of the flexible hood material; wherein at least a portion of expelled gas from the exhalation valve is released into an interior of the protective hood and rinses the interior of the protective hood.

Abstract: A monitoring device having at least one data processing unit, at least one transmitter and/or receiver unit, at least one acceleration sensor, and can be connected to at least one sensor for recording measured values, wherein the data processing unit has at least two operating modes, including a “basic mode” and a “base station mode”, wherein: in the “basic mode”, the measured values of the acceleration sensor and/or of the at least one sensor are monitored, in the “base station mode”, the measured values can be processed by at least one other but compatible monitoring device in the “basic mode”. The invention also relates to a monitoring system.

Abstract: A monitoring device having at least one data processing unit, at least one transmitter and/or receiver unit, at least one acceleration sensor, and can be connected to at least one sensor for recording measured values, wherein the data processing unit has at least two operating modes, including a “basic mode” and a “base station mode”, wherein: in the “basic mode”, the measured values of the acceleration sensor and/or of the at least one sensor are monitored, in the “base station mode”, the measured values can be processed by at least one other but compatible monitoring device in the “basic mode”. The invention also relates to a monitoring system.

Abstract: Described is a breathing system that covers a person's head with a flexible hood material. One aspect provides a protective hood, including: a flexible hood material having a closed top portion and a neck portion; a viewing window disposed within the flexible hood material; a breathing inlet disposed in the flexible hood material and providing for breathing air to enter into an interior of the protective hood; an exhalation valve disposed interior to the protective hood; and a sealing arrangement disposed at the neck portion of the flexible hood material; wherein at least a portion of expelled gas from the exhalation valve is released into an interior of the protective hood and rinses the interior of the protective hood.

Abstract: A fuel injection system having a fuel injection valve in which an injection valve member is urged in an opening direction counter to a closing force by pressure in a pressure chamber which generated by a high-pressure fuel pump driven by a cam. A control valve is actuated by a piezoelectric actuator triggered by an electric control unit by which a communication of the pressure chamber with a relief chamber is controlled. When the control valve is closed, the pressure chamber is disconnected from the relief chamber. The control valve has a control valve member coupled with the actuator via a hydraulic coupler. The actuator, after a charging phase, communicates with an associated voltage meter, and the voltage between the electrical terminals of the actuator is monitored for detecting the function of the control valve.

Abstract: A method for controlling an injector is described, where the trigger signal for the actuator is controlled as function of the amplitude and the duration. The actuator, using an hydraulic coupler, actuates a control valve which, at a low voltage, operates in a ballistic mode and opens up an opening cross-section to an inlet channel. The opening cross-section becomes smaller with increasing trigger voltage, and the fuel quantity to one injected increases. The control valve is brought from ballistic mode to nonballistic mode via the amplitude and duration of the trigger voltage. The delivery duration and the amplitude of the trigger voltage are tuned to each other so that one or several jumps may occur, during which a switch is made from one voltage value to another voltage value, and from one delivery duration to another delivery injection. A piezoelectric element is preferably used as an actuator.

Abstract: The fuel injection system has a fuel injection valve (12) which has at least one injection valve member (34) by which at least one injection opening (36) is controlled, in which the injection valve member (34) is urged in an opening direction (35) counter to a closing force by the pressure prevailing in a pressure chamber (44) of the fuel injection valve (12); the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (44) is generated by a pump piston (18) of a high-pressure fuel pump (10) that is driven in a reciprocating motion by a cam (22); a control valve (54) actuated by a piezoelectric actuator (58) is provided, which is triggered by an electric control unit (53) by which, at least indirectly, a communication (71) of the pressure chamber (44) with a relief chamber is controlled; when the control valve (54) is closed, the pressure chamber (44) is disconnected from the relief chamber; and the control valve (54) has a control valve member (56), which is coupled with the actuator (58) via a hydraulic coupler (57).

Abstract: A method for controlling an injector is described, where the trigger signal (Ua) for the actuator is controlled as a function of the amplitude and the duration. The actuator, using an hydraulic coupler, actuates a control valve which, at a low voltage, operates in a ballistic mode and opens up an opening cross-section to an inlet channel (ZK). The opening cross-section (8) becomes smaller with increasing trigger voltage (Ua), and the fuel quantity to be injected increases. The control valve (5) is brought from ballistic mode to nonballistic mode via the amplitude and duration of the trigger voltage (Ua). The delivery duration (FD) and the amplitude of the trigger voltage (Ua) are tuned to each other so that one or several jumps may occur, during which a switch is made from one voltage value (Ua) to another voltage value (Ua), and from one delivery duration to another delivery duration (FD). The method is preferably used in a unit injector system such as is used in direct injection.