Abstract: A method and device for monitoring functions of a computer system having at least two execution units, a switchover unit being provided, and switchover operations being carried out between at least two operating modes, and a comparison unit being provided, a first operating mode corresponding to a comparison mode and a second operating mode corresponding to a performance mode, and a first function being monitored by a second function, the second function being executed in the comparison mode on at least two execution units, and each of these two second functions, which are executed on at least two execution units, monitoring the same first function.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for monitoring operations of a computer system comprising at least two execution units, wherein switching means are provided and make it is possible to switch at least two operating modes to each other and comparison means are provided, the first operating mode corresponds to the comparison mode and the second operating mode corresponds to the performance mode and the first operation is monitored by the second operation, in the comparison mode said second operation is run on at least two execution units and each second operation which is run on at least two execution units monitors the first operation.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting knocking, in which a measurement signal of a knock sensor is evaluated during combustion in a cylinder of a combustion engine to determine whether the combustion occurred with knocking. The measurement signal is subdivided into a plurality of windows, and in each window an examination is performed to determine whether the combustion occurred with knocking. For a final assessment of whether the combustion occurred with knocking, the events of windows are compared to each other.

Abstract: A method for determining the ignition angle is provided, in which modifications of manipulated variables which have an influence on the knock limit, and therefore on the optimum ignition angle as well, are dynamically taken into account. To this end, a base ignition angle is first determined, based on the instantaneous engine speed and load. As part of a downstream knock control, a first ignition angle adjustment in the retard direction is determined when knocking has been detected. As part of a knock limit control, a second ignition angle adjustment is also determined when at least one manipulated variable influencing the knock limit changes, with the type of the second ignition angle adjustment, i.e., advancing or retarding, depending on the manipulated variable and its modification.

Abstract: A method for determining the ignition angle is provided, in which modifications of manipulated variables which have an influence on the knock limit, and therefore on the optimum ignition angle as well, are dynamically taken into account. To this end, a base ignition angle is first determined, based on the instantaneous engine speed and load. As part of a downstream knock control, a first ignition angle adjustment in the retard direction is determined when knocking has been detected. As part of a knock limit control, a second ignition angle adjustment is also determined when at least one manipulated variable influencing the knock limit changes, with the type of the second ignition angle adjustment, i.e., advancing or retarding, depending on the manipulated variable and its modification.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting knocking, in which a measurement signal of a knock sensor is evaluated during combustion in a cylinder of a combustion engine to determine whether the combustion occurred with knocking. The measurement signal is subdivided into a plurality of windows, and in each window an examination is performed to determine whether the combustion occurred with knocking. For a final assessment of whether the combustion occurred with knocking, the events of windows are compared to each other.

Abstract: Devices and methods for knock detection and knock control are described, in which, in addition to the customary component parts, the knock-detection circuit has a filter with switchable filter characteristic. The switchover of the filter characteristic, i.e. the shift, for example, of the mid-frequency of the filter, is carried out taking into consideration specifiable quantities or parameters, for instance, as a function of rotational speed. During the switchover of the filter characteristic, i.e. the shift of the mid-frequency, problems could occur in the knock detection; that is why measures are proposed which carry out the knock detection according to a special knock-detection algorithm during a switchover phase lasting a specifiable time.

Abstract: The present invention creates a method and an apparatus for blanking out interfering noise in connection with detecting knocking in an internal combustion engine. The following functions are performed: Forming a sensor signal integral value (KI) during a measurement time slot (MF) of the sensor signal of a knocking sensor; forming a correction value (DKI) for the sensor signal integral value (KI) corresponding to an interfering noise during the measurement time slot (MF); and subtracting the correction value (DKI) from the sensor signal integral value (KI) for forming a corrected sensor signal integral value (KI?) with the interfering noise blanked out.

Abstract: A device for signal evaluation is described, in particular for knock recognition in an internal combustion engine, in which the signals forwarded by sensors are evaluated digitally and error recognition is carried out that performs two different test functions, whereby a first test function supplies a test pulse at a specifiable location, and the second test function clears the sensor signals, and the reaction of both the analog and digital parts of the circuit are monitored.

Abstract: The method for knock detection includes establishing that knock is occurring in the internal combustion engine when the amplified knock signal exceeds a predetermined reference level in a predetermined manner. The reference level is determined on the basis of individual cylinders and the increase in the reference level is limited when a new reference level leaves a predetermined reference level range or the gradient of the sound increase exceeds a predetermined threshold value. For determination of the reference level range and/or the threshold for the gradient average values of the signals originating from the sound of other cylinders are considered.

Abstract: The present invention creates a method and an apparatus for blanking out interfering noise in connection with detecting knocking in an internal combustion engine. The following functions are performed: Forming a sensor signal integral value (KI) during a measurement time slot (MF) of the sensor signal of a knocking sensor; forming a correction value (DKI) for the sensor signal integral value (KI) corresponding to an interfering noise during the measurement time slot (MF); and subtracting the correction value (DKI) from the sensor signal integral value (KI) for forming a corrected sensor signal integral value (KI′) with the interfering noise blanked out.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine and a corresponding device are described in which a combustion of a fuel in a fuel-air mixture introduced into a cylinder occurs in at least one cylinder. At least one adjusting device is used to influence at least one physical process, which modifies the distribution of the constituents and/or the overall composition of the fuel-air mixture in the at least one cylinder. If knock occurs, a knock control is used to gradually retard an ignition angle in the at least one cylinder from a fundamental ignition angle by an adjustment angle. When the adjustment of the at least one adjusting device exceeds a specifiable first threshold and/or the change in the at least one physical process exceeds a specifiable second threshold, the adjustment angle is rapidly reduced by increments, the more rapid reduction occurring with a larger increment and/or with a higher frequency of increments.

Abstract: A device having a monitoring circuit for a knock control and a control circuit which initiates substitute measures in the event of a fault in the knock control, depending on the output signal of the monitoring circuit, is described. The control unit is designed, for example, so that the number of fuel injection operations per operating cycle of a cylinder of the engine is increased as the substitute measure.

Abstract: A method for controlling knocking in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines in KC emergency operation and at activated guide-cylinder function are provided by which a torque loss is able to be avoided at low application expenditure and the functionality desired by the guide-cylinder function is maintained even in KC emergency operation. In KC emergency operation and when the guide-cylinder function is activated, cylinder pairs are formed from the cylinders operating in each case at a 360° offset. Each twin pair having at least one cylinder to be guided is assigned at least one of the available guide cylinders, so that the ignition timing retard of the cylinder pair to be guided is based on the ignition timing retard of the associated guide cylinder. Only when the number of available guide cylinders is insufficient will a safety retard timing be triggered, in which an ignition angle is adjusted which has been predefined for all cylinders.

Abstract: A method of adaptive knock control and a corresponding device for a direct-gasoline-injection internal combustion engine are described, the internal combustion engine being operated in at least two operating modes, the at least two operating modes differing by the status of at least one operating variable and/or at least one basic model concept. For knock control, relevant retardation angles of the firing angle are calculated by using an adaptable computation specification or they are stored in the adaptive engine characteristics map and read out of the adaptive engine characteristics map, the adaptive engine characteristics map being subdivided into ranges for at least one operating parameter, a retardation angle being assigned to each range.

Abstract: A method and a device for operating an internal combustion engine are provided, in which in at least one cylinder, combustion of a fuel in a fuel/air mixture introduced into the cylinder takes place. Upon the occurrence of knocking, a baseline ignition angle in the at least one cylinder is retarded in steps, using a knock control system, to an adjustment angle from the basic ignition angle. When the adjustment angle exceeds a definable threshold value, activation of the knock prevention operation mode occurs, in which context an additional action reducing the knock susceptibility of the fuel/air mixture is taken and the adjustment angle is decreased so that the baseline ignition angle is advanced.

Abstract: A method and a device for fault detection or diagnosis may be used on a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with a knock sensor. For diagnostic purposes an instantaneous reference value formed from the sensor signal may be compared with predefinable upper or lower reference threshold levels. If the instantaneous reference value exceeds or falls below the thresholds to a predefinable extent, a malfunction is detected. The reference levels correspond, for example, to the background noise present in knock-free operation. The fault detection or diagnosis may be performed only for the cylinder which emits the loudest noise or from which the loudest noise is recorded.

Abstract: A method for controlling knocking in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines in KC emergency operation and at activated guide-cylinder function are provided by which a torque loss is able to be avoided at low application expenditure and the functionality desired by the guide-cylinder function is maintained even in KC emergency operation. In KC emergency operation and when the guide-cylinder function is activated, cylinder pairs are formed from the cylinders operating in each case at a 360° offset. Each twin pair having at least one cylinder to be guided is assigned at least one of the available guide cylinders, so that the ignition timing retard of the cylinder pair to be guided is based on the ignition timing retard of the associated guide cylinder. Only when the number of available guide cylinders is insufficient will a safety retard timing be triggered, in which an ignition angle is adjusted which has been predefined for all cylinders.

Abstract: Devices and methods for knock detection and knock control are described, in which, in addition to the customary component parts, the knock-detection circuit has a filter with switchable filter characteristic. The switchover of the filter characteristic, i.e. the shift, for example, of the mid-frequency of the filter, is carried out taking into consideration specifiable quantities or parameters, for instance, as a function of rotational speed. During the switchover of the filter characteristic, i.e. the shift of the mid-frequency, problems could occur in the knock detection; that is why measures are proposed which carry out the knock detection according to a special knock-detection algorithm during a switchover phase lasting a specifiable time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for adaptively controlling knocking and to a corresponding device for a gasoline direct fuel injection internal combustion engine, whereby the internal combustion engine is operated in at least two operational states. For controlling knocking, relevant late advance angles of the ignition angle are controlled by means of an adaptable adaptation process. A separate adaptation mapping or a separate adaptable computation rule is provided each time for both operational states, whereby, during a change of the operational state, the actual late advance angle is read out of the adaptation mapping of the new operational state or is calculated using the new adaptable calculation rule.