Abstract: A multilayered composite material comprises as components: (A) a sheet material, (B) a material capable of absorbing water or aqueous fluids, (C) at least one bonding layer and (D) a polyurethane layer with capillaries passing through the entire thickness of the polyurethane layer, wherein the polyurethane layer (D) comes into direct contact with sheet material (A) or absorption-capable material (B) in one or more places.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions comprising (A) at least one polyurethane, (B) at least one compound of the general formula I a or I b in which R1, R2 and R3 may be identical or different and are selected from A1-NCO and A1-NH—CO—X, in which A1 is a spacer having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and X is selected from O(AO)xR4, AO is C2-C4-alkylene oxide, x is an integer in the range from 1 to 50 and R4 is selected from hydrogen and C1-C30-alkyl, (C) and at least one silicone compound having reactive groups.

Abstract: A composite material, wherein the composite material comprises, in firmly bonded form, (i) a top layer based on a plastic dispersion and (ii) a substrate layer selected from a film based on thermoplastic polyurethane, a nonwoven based on thermoplastic polyurethane and/or polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Water soluble radiation curable products (A) obtainable by mixing mixing with or without reaction of at least one hyperbranched polyurethane (a) with at least one photoinitiator (b) or by synthesis of at least one hyperbranched polyurethane (a) in the presence of at least one photoinitiator (b), are used to produce aqueous inks for the ink jet process.

Abstract: A method and system for customized industrial textile goods manufacturing in which, under control of a client system, information is retrieved relating to the design of a customized textile good to be manufactured; desired design data is selected from one or more databases; additional individual data is optionally input; and the selected and inputted data is sent to a manufacturing system as a request for manufacture; and, under control of a manufacturing system, the request is received; an order for manufacturing a customized textile good is generated; uncut uncoloured fabric inventory material is provided; and the uncoloured fabric inventory material is subsequently coloured, cut and sewn in a combined process in order to obtain a finished customized textile good according to the request, whereby colouring of the uncoloured fabric inventory material is performed by means of a digital a digital coloration apparatus.

Abstract: A device for high-precision machining of the surface of an object, such as for polishing and lapping semiconductor substrates, in which the object is held on an accommodation surface for its machining. The accommodation surface can be deformed by means of a actuators connected to the surface in a positive-lock and/or non-positive-lock manner. The actuators are provided between a base plate and an accommodation plate that are mechanically biased relative to one another. The accommodation plate is configured, on its inside, with concentric grooves forming rigid rings in the axial direction. The individual rings are connected by solid substance joints. Piezo-stacks configured as actuator-sensor elements, as well as springs, are disposed between the faces of the rings and the base plates and are offset relative to one another by 120°.

Abstract: The aim the invention is to machine the surface of objects using a universal device as economically as possible and in a significantly reduced amount of time, even in the event of process variations, material non-homogeneities etc., with high reproducible precision. The this end, the pressure distribution on the surface which is decisive for the machining process is determined by temporarily weighting the object to be machined—said object being fixed to a receiving surface (17)—and measuring the thus occurring change in position of the receiving surface (17) by means of actuator-sensor elements (180 from the calculated pressure distribution. The invention can generally be applied to the surface machining of objects beyond the lapping or polishing of the above-mentioned semiconductor substrates.

Abstract: There are described water-soluble condensation products of amino-containing compounds and crosslinkers, obtainable by reacting(a) polyalkylenepolyamines, polyamidoamines, ethylene-imine-grafted polyamidoamines, polyetheramines and mixtures thereof, with(b) monethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, salts, esters, amides or nitriles of monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, chlorocarboxylic acids and/or glycidyl compounds such as glycidic acid, glycidamide or glycidyl esters, and(c) at least bifunctional crosslinkers having a halo-hydrin, glycidyl, aziridine or isocyanate unit or a halogen atom as functional group,to form water-soluble condensation products having a viscosity of at least 100 mPas in a 20% strength by weight aqueous solution at 20.degree. C., processes for preparing the water-soluble condensation products by reacting the abovementioned compounds of groups (a), (b) and (c), and the use of the condensation products as drainage, flocculation and retention aids in papermaking.

Abstract: Condensates of polyalkylenepolyamines which are obtainable by(a) partial amidation of polyalkylenepolyamines and(b) condensation of the partially amidated polyalkylenepolyamines with bifunctional or polyfunctional crosslinking agentsto give crosslinked polyalkylenepolyamines which, in 20% strength aqueous solution at 20.degree. C., have a viscosity of at least 100 mPa.s, processes for the preparation of the condensates of polyalkylenepolyamines by partial amidation of polyalkylenepolyamines with carboxylic acids, carboxylic esters, carboxylic anhydrides or carbonyl halides and crosslinking of the partially amidated polyalkylenepolyamines with bifunctional or polyfunctional crosslinking agents, from 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent being used per part by weight of the partially amidated polyalkylenepolyamines, and the use of the resulting condensates as drainage aids, flocculants, retention aids and fixing agents in papermaking.

Abstract: A process for chemically degrading cured amino resins comprises reacting cured amino resins, which may contain fillers, with a primary and/or secondary amine at from 40.degree. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: Cured aminoplast resins are recycled by a process in which said resins, which may contain fillers, are treated with an aqueous sulfite, hydrogen sulfite or disulfite solution and the resulting low molecular weight degradation products are used in chemical processes. The resulting low molecular weight degradation products of cured aminoplast resins are used for coating moldings, for tanning leather and skins and for the production of moldings which contain cured aminoplast resins or consist thereof.

Abstract: Pelts and skin pelts can be self-tanned, pretanned and assist tanned and leather and skin can be retanned by using for this purpose the compound Ior an acetal thereof.

Abstract: Cured aminoplast resins are recycled by a process in which said resins, which may contain fillers, are treated with an aqueous sulfite, hydrogen sulfite or disulfite solution and the resulting low molecular weight degradation products are used in chemical processes. The resulting low molecular weight degradation products of cured aminoplast resins are used for coating moldings, for tanning leather and skins and for the production of moldings which contain cured aminoplast resins or consist thereof.

Abstract: Condensation polymers of sulfonated phenols, urea, other organic nitrogen-bases and formaldehyde, obtainable by(A) sulfonation of phenols with from 1.0 to 1.5 moles of sulfuric acid per mole of phenol and(B) condensation of these sulfonation products with(a) from 0.5 to 1.8 moles of urea per mole of phenol,(b) from 0.001 to 0.5 moles of at least one other organic nitrogen-base per mole of phenol, and(c) from 1.0 to 3.0 moles of formaldehyde per mole of phenol.The condensation polymers are suitable for use as tanning agents in the leather and skin-producing industry and as spraying aids for redispersible polymer powders.

Abstract: A condensation polymer, obtainable by condensation of a mixture containing, as chief components,(A) from 90 to 99.9% molar of a mixture substantially consisting of(a) from 30 to 99% molar of melamine and(b) from 1 to 70% molar of a substituted melamine of the general formula I ##STR1## in which X, X', and X" are selected from the group consisting of --NH.sub.2, --NHR, and --NRR', and only one or two of X, X', and X" denote(s) --NH.sub.2, and R and R' are selected from the group consisting of hydroxy-C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, hydroxy-C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl-(oxa-C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkyl).sub.n, where n is an integer from 1 to 5, and amino-C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, or mixtures of melamines I, and(B) from 0.1 to 10% molar, based on (A) and (B), of unsubstituted phenols or phenols substituted by radicals selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 -alkyl and hydroxy, or of C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Moldings, in particular foams and fibers, based on melamine/formaldehyde condensation products, in which from 0.1 to 70 mol % of the melamine have been replaced by melamine substituted by from 1 to 3 hydroxyoxaalkyl groups of the formula--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OHn=1-5)have increased elasticity.

Abstract: Moldings, in particular foams and fibers, based on melamine/formaldehyde condensation products, in which from 0.1 to 70 mol% of the melamine have been replaced by melamine substituted by from 1 to 3 hydroxyoxaalkyl groups of the formula--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH (n=1-5)have increased elasticity.