Abstract: A method for air conditioning a motor vehicle, in which, in a heating mode, the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle is heated via a passenger compartment heat exchanger (5) through heat pump operation of a refrigerating circuit (1). To prevent fogging of the windows of the motor vehicle from the outset, the temperature and humidity in the passenger compartment are recorded by measurement technology, and when the temperature is in a predefined range and the atmospheric humidity reaches a defined threshold, the mass flow of refrigerant in the circuit is throttled upstream of the passenger compartment heat exchanger (5), in such a manner that the moisture contained in the air stream passing the passenger compartment heat exchanger (5) is at least substantially condensed at the passenger compartment heat exchanger (5), and the moisture which has already condensed at the heat exchanger (5) remains at the heat exchanger (5).

Abstract: In an air-conditioning system for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine with an engine cooling circuit with a heat exchanger for heating and a heat pump with a refrigerant circuit including a heat exchanger for cooling the interior compartment of the motor vehicle, the refrigerant circuit includes also heat exchanges for heating or for cooling the coolant in the engine cooling circuit.

Abstract: In an air-conditioning system for a motor vehicle having an integrated heat pump for cooling and heating, in which refrigerant is circulated and which allows heat exchange with the incoming air for the interior compartment of the motor vehicle, the heat transfer is effected either directly, by means of a refrigerant/air heat exchanger through which the air for the interior compartment is conducted, or by means of a secondary refrigerant circuit, which includes two expansion devices and three heat exchangers provided in the refrigerant circuit of the system.

Abstract: In a needle valve (1) for a high-pressure gas conduit system consisting of two units (2, 3) which are joined and one of which encloses a stepping motor (8) and the other includes gas flow passages and a gas flow control bore (17), a valve needle (10) is supported in the housing unit so as to be movable by the stepping motor and extends into the gas flow control bore (17) in the other housing unit through a guide passage (18) provided with seals to prevent gas from flowing to the housing unit including the stepping motor (8) between a region of the guide bore (18) and a low pressure region of the needle valve (1) a compensation connection is provided for relief of pressure at the sealing region (43) of the guide bore (18). The needle valve is particularly suitable as an expansion valve in an automotive CO2 air conditioning system.

Abstract: In a piston for a compressor, the piston comprises a stem by which the piston may be guided in the housing in an axially displaceable manner, and a force introducing section where an outer drive force can be introduced into the piston. The piston head, the piston skirt and the force introducing section are successively arranged in the direction of the piston axis. The piston head, the piston skirt and the force introducing section are produced as a single element of graphite or a synthetic material, and the piston skirt comprises a solid strut structure and a guide section, the cross-sectional area of the strut structure being smaller than the surface of the piston head. The piston consists of a non-organic, non-metallic material having an average thermal expansion of less than 7×106/° C. in the temperature range of 0° C. to 200° C.

Abstract: A heating and/or air conditioning system for an interior of a vehicle has a central heating and/or cooling device and a decentralized air-conveying device which includes a plurality of air-conveying units arranged locally in the vehicle interior. In order to permit good regulation of the heating and/or air conditioning system and efficient air conditioning, respective air-conveying units of the decentralized air-conveying device are arranged in a plurality of subspaces of the vehicle interior for circulating air in the respective subspaces.

Abstract: A heating and/or air-conditioning system for vehicles, preferably passenger vehicles, has a central air-conditioning and/or air-conveying device for conditioning and/or conveying air. In order to achieve optimum air conditioning of the vehicle interior and sufficient freedom of the windows from misting with the most effective energy use possible, the air within the vehicle interior is fed so that, for example, outside air and circulating air are fed into the vehicle interior through dedicated air inlet openings and removed from the vehicle interior through dedicated air outlet openings. The air is guided on closed flow paths in order to achieve separation of circulating air and outside air.

Abstract: A refrigerant circuit for a motor vehicle air-conditioning system has a refrigerant compressor, a cooler connected downstream of the refrigerant compressor, a restrictor for expanding the refrigerant, and an evaporator for transferring heat to the refrigerant. Pressure in the refrigerant circuit is measured firstly on the high-pressure side and secondly on the low-pressure side. An air-conditioning system can be driven directly or indirectly by the motor vehicle driving engine. The refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is almost completely liquefied upstream of the restrictor, so that it is easy to determine the refrigerant mass flow. As a result, it becomes possible to determine the compressor torque which is consumed by the refrigerant circuit and to control the motor vehicle driving engine accordingly.

Abstract: A heating and/or air-conditioning system for the interior of a vehicle has an air-conveying device, a heat exchanger and an evaporator. At least one air-conveying assembly of the air-conveying device is designed as a disc fan so that the heating and/or air-conditioning system can have as compact a build as possible and so as to achieve high efficiency.

Abstract: A heating and/or air-conditioning system for vehicles, preferably passenger vehicles, has a central air-conditioning and/or air-conveying device for conditioning and/or conveying air. In order to achieve optimum air conditioning of the vehicle interior and sufficient freedom of the windows from misting with the most effective energy use possible, the air within the vehicle interior is fed so that, for example, outside air and circulating air are fed into the vehicle interior through dedicated air inlet openings and removed from the vehicle interior through dedicated air outlet openings. The air is guided on closed flow paths in order to achieve separation of circulating air and outside air.

Abstract: A refrigerant circuit for a motor vehicle air-conditioning system has a refrigerant compressor, a cooler connected downstream of the refrigerant compressor, a restrictor for expanding the refrigerant, and an evaporator for transferring heat to the refrigerant. Pressure in the refrigerant circuit is measured firstly on the high-pressure side and secondly on the low-pressure side. An air-conditioning system can be driven directly or indirectly by the motor vehicle driving engine. The refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is almost completely liquefied upstream of the restrictor, so that it is easy to determine the refrigerant mass flow. As a result, it becomes possible to determine the compressor torque which is consumed by the refrigerant circuit and to control the motor vehicle driving engine accordingly.

Abstract: A heating and/or air conditioning system for an interior of a vehicle has a central heating and/or cooling device and a decentralized air-conveying device which includes a plurality of air-conveying units arranged locally in the vehicle interior. In order to permit good regulation of the heating and/or air conditioning system and efficient air conditioning, respective air-conveying units of the decentralized air-conveying device are arranged in a plurality of subspaces of the vehicle interior for circulating air in the respective subspaces.

Abstract: A method and a device for heating and cooling a compartment of a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine are described. During a cooling operation, a medium in the circuit is guided through a compressor, an ambient heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an interior heat exchanger which are connected in series and form an integral closed circuit. On the high-pressure side of the circuit, a supercritical pressure is produced at the same time that a subcritical pressure is produced on the low-pressure side of the circuit. During a heating operation, the high-pressure side of the circuit during the cooling operation becomes the low-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the circuit during the cooling operation becomes the high-pressure side. The medium in the circuit is conducted in the interior heat exchanger at a supercritical pressure, with heat energy being transferred from the medium in the circuit to the compartment air supplied to the compartment.

Abstract: A device and a method are provided for heating and cooling a compartment of a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine. The device has a coolant circuit with a compressor, an ambient heat exchanger, at least one expansion device, an interior heat exchanger, and an exhaust heat exchanger that can be heated by exhaust gases from the engine. During heating, a coolant is guided through the compressor and through the interior heat exchanger connected downstream from the compressor, releasing heat. The compressor, interior heat exchanger, expansion device, ambient heat exchanger, and heat exchanger are connected in series so that the coolant is expanded in the expansion device to a temperature below an intake temperature of coolant into the compressor, exposed in the ambient heat exchanger to warmer ambient air, heated in the heat exchanger by the exhaust gases from the engine, and compressed in the compressor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a subcritically and transcritically operated vehicle air conditioner having a vapor compression circuit in which in which a compressor, a gas cooler, an expansion valve and an evaporator are connected in series and form an integral closed cycle. On the high-pressure side of the vapor compression circuit, for the purpose of offering refrigerating capacity, a pressure is produced which is supercritical with reference to the critical pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the circuit, and a subcritical pressure is reached simultaneously on the low-pressure side of the circuit. Thermal energy is fed via the evaporator to the refrigerant cooled down on the low-pressure side with the refrigerant mass flow being regulated by the compressor and the desired high pressure being set by means of an expansion valve.

Abstract: A method and a device for heating and cooling a compartment of a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine are described. During a cooling operation, a medium in the circuit is guided through a compressor, an ambient heat exchanger, a throttle device, and an interior heat exchanger which are connected in series and form an integral closed circuit. On the high-pressure side of the circuit, a supercritical pressure is produced at the same time that a subcritical pressure is produced on the low-pressure side of the circuit. During a heating operation, the high-pressure side of the circuit during the cooling operation becomes the low-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the circuit during the cooling operation becomes the high-pressure side. The medium in the circuit is conducted in the interior heat exchanger at a supercritical pressure, with heat energy being transferred from the medium in the circuit to the compartment air supplied to the compartment.

Abstract: A method for operating a refrigerating unit for the air conditioning of vehicles and a refrigerating unit for carrying out the method, are provided. In order to make available refrigerating capacity, on the high pressure side of a vapor compression circuit, a pressure is produced which, with respect to the critical pressure of a refrigerant circulating in the circuit, is supercritical and, at the same time, on the low pressure side of the circuit, a subcritical pressure is achieved. In this arrangement, the circuit contains a compressor, a gas cooler, a throttle device and an evaporator which are series-connected and form an integral, closed circuit. The refrigerant, which is cooled on the low pressure side, is supplied, via the evaporator, with thermal energy, and refrigerating energy is removed.