Abstract: A method and an assembly of assessing potential malignancy of cancerous matter in living tissue, containing cytochrome-c-oxidase in oxidized and reduced states. The method comprises the steps of determining the amount and redox ratio of cytochrome-c-oxidase using real-time Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, and assessing the metabolic nature of the tissue based on the ratio between oxidized and reduced states, respectively of the cytochrome-c-oxidase. The metabolic nature corresponding to the potential malignancy of the cancerous matter. Real-time redox measurement can be used for determining the malignancy of cancer during surgery to determine the need for adjuvant therapies.

Abstract: Method and kit for topical treatment of a skin infection, in particular of superficial skin infections, caused by Staphylococcus aureus.The method comprises the steps of applying a photosensitizer to at least a part of the skin affected by the infection, and subjecting said part of the skin to first photons with a majority energy between 2.8 eV and 3.5 eV at a first energy level; and second photons with a majority energy between 1.24 eV and 1.65 eV at a second energy level, the ratio between the first and the second energy levels being in the range from about 10:1 to 2:1. By the method efficient treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections can be achieved without the administration of topical antibiotics.

Abstract: Novel functional poly(organosiloxane) resin compositions, methods of producing novel poly(organosiloxane) coating compositions, and coated substrates having improved properties suitable for, e.g., optical applications for achieving predetermined properties of refractive index, absorption coefficient and other properties. Specific embodiments comprise silicon precursors having a substituent that contains a fused aromatic structure exhibiting a butterfly shape, wherein the half-planes defined by aromatic rings joined by intermediate N and S atoms exhibit a dihedral angle of <165 #, whereas the C—S—C angle of the folded thiazine, in particular 1,4-thiazine, ring is less than 110 #. In on embodiment, the silicon precursor has a substituent that comprises an optionally substituted thiazine ring.

Abstract: Silanol-containing organic-inorganic hybrid coatings on semiconductor substrates for forming patterns thereon. The present coatings can be produced by coating of semiconductor substrates with metal and silanol containing polyhydridosilsesquioxane resin solutions. Provided herein is also a method for patterning a metal and silanol containing polyhydridosilsesquioxane coated substrate with radiation of light at a specific wavelength, the method comprising the steps of irradiating a coated substrate along a selected pattern to form an irradiated structure with a region of irradiated coating and a region with un-irradiated coating and selectively developing the irradiated structure to remove a substantial portion of the un-irradiated coating to form a patterned substrate. The invention allows for obtaining a preselected silanol content polyhydridosilsesquioxane resin, and adjustment of the silanol content will make it possible to obtain a highly sensitive coating for application in EUV.

Abstract: Carbon-carbon unsaturated bond containing, halogen containing, and solubility-enhancer containing coatings on semiconductor substrates for forming patterns thereon. The present coatings can be produced by coating of semiconductor substrates with carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing, halogen-containing, and solubility-enhancer containing polyhydrogensilsesquioxane resin solutions. Provided herein is also a method for patterning substrate coating of a polyhydrogensilsesquioxane containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, halogen, and solubility-enhancer with radiation of light, the method comprising the steps of irradiating a coated substrate along a selected pattern to form an irradiated structure with a region of irradiated coating and a region with un-irradiated coating and selectively developing the irradiated structure to remove a substantial portion of the un-irradiated coating to form a patterned substrate.

Abstract: Method and kit for topical treatment of a skin infection, in particular of superficial skin infections, caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The method comprises the steps of applying a photosensitizer to at least a part of the skin affected by the infection, and subjecting said part of the skin to first photons with a majority energy between 2.8 eV and 3.5 eV at a first energy level; and second photons with a majority energy between 1.24 eV and 1.65 eV at a second energy level, the ratio between the first and the second energy levels being in the range from about 10:1 to 2:1. By the method efficient treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections can be achieved without the administration of topical antibiotics.

Abstract: Method of treating biological surfaces with electromagnetic radiation in the form of light of two different energy levels, a first light with photons having a majority energy in the range from 3.5 eV to 2.8 eV and a second light with photons having a majority energy in the range from 1.24 eV to 2.48 eV. The photons of the first light and the second light are simultaneously directed against the biological surface. The invention also contemplates the use of sensitizers in topical treatments of infections using the method. The treatment will achieve good tissue penetration. It makes it possible to give antibacterial treatment to different areas of pathogen at the same time as two or more different energy photons can target molecules in different areas.

Abstract: Method of treating biological surfaces with electromagnetic radiation in the form of light of two different energy levels, a first light with photons having a majority energy in the range from 3.5 eV to 2.8 eV and a second light with photons having a majority energy in the range from 1.24 eV to 2.48 eV. The photons of the first light and the second light are simultaneously directed against the biological surface. The invention also contemplates the use of sensitizers in topical treatments of infections using the method. The treatment will achieve good tissue penetration. It makes it possible to give antibacterial treatment to different areas of pathogen at the same time as two or more different energy photons can target molecules in different areas.

Abstract: A composition for a low refractive film, said composition comprising 10 parts by weight of a polysiloxane and 3 to 150 parts by weight of a volatile hydroxyalkylsilane. Based on the polysiloxane composition, films can be produced having a porous polysiloxane network and exhibiting a low refractive index of 1.4 or less and dielectric constant of 1.5 or less.

Abstract: Antibiotic for use in a method comprising systemically administering a photosensitive antibiotic to a subject having a microbial infection in a target tissue to provide a blood plasma concentration of the antibiotic in the subject; allowing the plasma or tissue concentration of the antibiotic increase to a predetermined level; and subjecting the target tissue to photodynamic therapy in order to increase the antimicrobial action of the antibiotic in the target tissue. With light activation the efficacy of the photosensitizer antibiotic can be enhanced, the spectrum of the microbial effect broadened and even an antiviral effect can be obtained. Generally, the present invention can be exploited when there is a need for enhancement of the local antimicrobial effect of antibiotics.

Abstract: Kit and method for treatment of patients having dry mouth syndrome. The kit comprises an odontological mouthpiece which has one or more light sources for producing light in the near-infrared range and which, once placed in the oral cavity, is capable of directing the light against target tissue selected from salivary glands, submandibular glands or both, for use in treatment of patients having dry mouth syndrome. The kit and the method can be used for treating Sjogren's syndrome, polypharmacy patients, diabetic patients or patients having a reduced number of salivary glands in particular causing a marked decrease, temporary or permanent in saliva production.

Abstract: Method and kit for topical treatment of a skin infection, in particular of superficial skin infections, caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The method comprises the steps of applying a photosensitizer to at least a part of the skin affected by the infection, and subjecting said part of the skin to first photons with a majority energy between 2.8 eV and 3.5 eV at a first energy level; and second photons with a majority energy between 1.24 eV and 1.65 eV at a second energy level, the ratio between the first and the second energy levels being in the range from about 10:1 to 2:1. By the method efficient treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections can be achieved without the administration of topical antibiotics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mouthpiece and method for antibacterial treatment of intraoral surfaces. The mouthpiece comprises a body made of heat conducting material, the body comprising tilted facial and lingual outer surfaces and facial and lingual inner surfaces adapted to face facial and lingual surfaces of teeth, respectively. A light source is attached to the body's tilted surface and adapted to deliver light to surfaces of teeth, the light source being positioned on at least one of said outer surfaces and adapted to deliver said light via said inner surfaces to both the facial and lingual surfaces of the teeth.

Abstract: An optical coating has a siloxane polymer and noble metal particles. The coating has an index of refraction that is different for in-plane and out-of-plane. The coating has reverse optical dispersion within the visible wavelength range, and preferably a maximum absorption peak between 400-1000 nm wavelength range is greater than 700 nm. In one example the metal particles are noble metal nanorods having an average particle width of less than 400 nm.

Abstract: Method of detecting dental plaque, comprising the steps of subjecting a dental area of interest to high and low energy photons in the presence of a photosensitizer. The invention can be used antimicrobial and antiviral and antifungal detection and therapy. Thus, generally, viral or fungal infections in biofilm, plaque and on teeth surfaces can be detected and optionally treated. The method can also be used for detecting, determining or analysing the quantity or quality or both of the dental pellicle.

Abstract: Carbon-carbon unsaturated bond containing, halogen containing, and solubility-enhancer containing coatings on semiconductor substrates for forming patterns thereon. The present coatings can be produced by coating of semiconductor substrates with carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing, halogen-containing, and solubility-enhancer containing polyhydrogensilsesquioxane resin solutions. Provided herein is also a method for patterning substrate coating of a polyhydrogensilsesquioxane containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, halogen, and solubility-enhancer with radiation of light, the method comprising the steps of irradiating a coated substrate along a selected pattern to form an irradiated structure with a region of irradiated coating and a region with un-irradiated coating and selectively developing the irradiated structure to remove a substantial portion of the un-irradiated coating to form a patterned substrate.

Abstract: A display has a plurality of pixels in a matrix, the pixels each comprising a liquid crystal layer and/or light emitting diode layer, a plurality of substrates, at least a first substrate being optically transmissive to visible light, an electrode formed on one of the substrates and having electrically conductive material that has an electrical resistivity of less than 200 ?/sq and that comprises a siloxane material and particles having an average particle size of less than 10 microns.

Abstract: A LED structure, a lighting fixture and a method of providing white light illumination. The LED structure comprises a substrate; a light emitting area defined on the substrate as a cavity; a first type of light emitting semiconductor source with bactericidal characteristics mounted in the cavity; a second type of light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity with ability to excite the wavelength conversion material to generate white light; and a wavelength conversion material layer formed on top of the light emitting semiconductor sources. The invention enables disinfection by a lighting source or a luminaire visibly apparent to human as a white light source that is neither harmful to a human nor creates discomfort.

Abstract: Method of treating biological surfaces with electromagnetic radiation in the form of light of two different energy levels, a first light with photons having a majority energy in the range from 3.5 eV to 2.8 eV and a second light with photons having a majority energy in the range from 1.24 eV to 2.48 eV. The photons of the first light and the second light are simultaneously directed against the biological surface. The invention also contemplates the use of sensitizers in topical treatments of infections using the method. The treatment will achieve good tissue penetration. It makes it possible to give antibacterial treatment to different areas of pathogen at the same time as two or more different energy photons can target molecules in different areas.

Abstract: Silanol-containing organic-inorganic hybrid coatings on semiconductor substrates for forming patterns thereon. The present coatings can be produced by coating of semiconductor substrates with metal and silanol containing polyhydridosilsesquioxane resin solutions. Provided herein is also a method for patterning a metal and silanol containing polyhydridosilsesquioxane coated substrate with radiation of light at a specific wavelength, the method comprising the steps of irradiating a coated substrate along a selected pattern to form an irradiated structure with a region of irradiated coating and a region with un-irradiated coating and selectively developing the irradiated structure to remove a substantial portion of the un-irradiated coating to form a patterned substrate. The invention allows for obtaining a preselected silanol content polyhydridosilsesquioxane resin, and adjustment of the silanol content will make it possible to obtain a highly sensitive coating for application in EUV.