Abstract: An optical unit includes optical element with first and second substrates; liquid crystal (LC) material including mesogens; first and second electrodes deposited on surface of first and second substrates; test circuit including: first resistor (R1) and second resistor (R2) formed by trace of first and second electrodes; test capacitor (C) formed by LC material, wherein R1, R2 and C are connected in series; and processor(s) configured to: determine reference peak voltage (PV) at first time instant (TI); determine test PV at second TI; determine variation in capacitance of mesogens between first and second TI; determine state of mesogens at second TI, based on variation in capacitance of mesogens; adjust driving parameter of drive signal to change optical parameter of optical element, based on state of mesogens.

Abstract: A hinge includes a first hinge part having a first end and a second end; a second hinge part having a third end and a fourth end; a connecting member for connecting the first hinge part and the second hinge part for providing first rotation point to allow rotation of the first hinge part with respect to the second hinge part; a first electrical connector at the first end and a second electrical connector at the fourth end, an electrical conductor passing through the first hinge part and the second hinge part for connecting the first electrical connector to the second electrical connector; and a sealing arranged at least at the first end, wherein the sealing is compressed in at least one of: an axial direction, a radial direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an optical device. An electrically-conductive adhesive material is deposited on a first part of a first electrode deposited on a first substrate. A layer of at least one active material is formed between the first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first electrode is disposed between the first substrate and said layer, and a second electrode is disposed between the second substrate and said layer. The optical device is cut through the first part of the first electrode, thereby exposing the ECA material deposited on the first part of the first electrode. A driving circuit of the optical device is electrically connected with the ECA material deposited on the first part of the first electrode, to provide an electrical connection between the driving circuit and the first electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an optical device. An electrically-conductive adhesive material is deposited on a first part of a first electrode deposited on a first substrate. A layer of at least one active material is formed between the first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first electrode is disposed between the first substrate and said layer, and a second electrode is disposed between the second substrate and said layer. The optical device is cut through the first part of the first electrode, thereby exposing the ECA material deposited on the first part of the first electrode. A driving circuit of the optical device is electrically connected with the ECA material deposited on the first part of the first electrode, to provide an electrical connection between the driving circuit and the first electrode.

Abstract: A tracking system for an adaptive eyeglass includes a left eye-tracker, a right eye-tracker, left auxiliary sensor(s), right auxiliary sensor(s), a processor, a left communication bus communicably coupling the processor to the left auxiliary sensor(s), and a right communication bus communicably coupling the processor to the right auxiliary sensor(s). Communication between the left auxiliary sensor(s) and the left communication bus is temporarily disabled, whilst sampling left eye-tracking data using the left eye-tracker. Communication between the right auxiliary sensor(s) and the right communication bus is temporarily disabled, whilst sampling right eye-tracking data using the right eye-tracker.

Abstract: Disclosed is a time-multiplexed eye-tracking system with a first set of light emitters and second set of light emitters that are to be employed to emit light beams towards first eye and second eye of user, respectively; first set of light sensors and second set of light sensors that are to be employed to sense reflections of the light beams; and processor(s) communicably coupled to first and second set of LS, wherein processor(s) is configured to: control first and second set of LS to operate in time-multiplexed manner; process sensor data, collected by first set of LS at first time instant, to determine gaze direction of first eye at first time instant; and process sensor data, collected by second set of LS at second time instant, to determine gaze direction of second eye at second time instant.

Abstract: A calibration arrangement to calibrate a light intensity reading includes a first light emitter to emit light, a first light receiver to receive the emitted light and generate an output signal and a controller to provide a first control signal to the first light emitter to emit a first light pulse during a first period of time, measure a first output signal, provide a second control signal to the first light emitter to emit a second light pulse during a second period of time, measure a second output signal, calculate a second difference between the first output signal and the second output signal and use the calculated second difference to calibrate the light intensity reading.

Abstract: A method of providing telecommunication services in a telecommunication system including a terminal, a serving network providing the terminal with services, and a bearer network in functional connection with the serving network. One or more databases including subscriber data are created in the telecommunication system, the subscriber database(s) being in functional connection with the bearer network. Data according to the subscriber database, such as a subscriber identifier, are transmitted to the serving network and/or the terminal. The terminal is provided with services in accordance with the transmitted subscriber data.

Abstract: A method, a system, or an article of manufacture provides Mobility Management (MM), for example, an update procedure, in a Core Network (CN) of a mobile communication system. The Mobile Station (MS) includes an indicator which defines an update type. The update type includes: all CN entities; one type of CN entity only. If the indicator has the update type of all CN entities, the MS registers all CN entities. If the indicator has the update type of one type of CN entity only, the MS registers the one type of CN entity only. The CN entities may be MSC/NVLR CN entity, SGSN CN entity, or other CN entity. The method includes the MS determining to which of the CN entity to perform the update procedure; the MS updating the CN entity; the CN acknowledging the MS whether update is successful or failed; and the CN acknowledging the MS whether update of other CN entity is needed, if needed, the CN defining to which of the CN entity to perform update, and continuing the update of the defined CN entity.

Abstract: The invention relates to user equipment, which is adapted to use more than one access type for communicating with radio systems. After a service requiring a connection between the user equipment and the radio system has been activated, the suitability of the user equipment's current access type for the operation of the activated service is checked and access type re-selection is carried out, in response to the check, to select an access type suitable for the service.

Abstract: A method of providing telecommunication services in a telecommunication system comprising a terminal, a serving network providing the terminal with services, and a bearer network in functional connection with the serving net-work. One or more databases comprising subscriber data are created in the telecommunication system, said subscriber database(s) being in functional connection with the bearer network. Data according to said subscriber database, such as a subscriber identifier, are transmitted to the serving network and/or the terminal. The terminal is provided with services in accordance with the transmitted subscriber data.

Abstract: A cellular radio access network and a location updating in a cordless communications system, in a cellular radio access network (1), which is connected to one or more core networks (2, 3, 4, 5) or services (SP2 to SP5), each of them having a dedicated mobility management. In a cell, identities of all those location areas are broadcast to which said cell belongs. A subscriber terminal (MS) sends to the radio access network only one location updating message irrespective of how many core networks (2, 3, 4, 5) or services (SP2 to SP5) have a simultaneously changing location area at a handover from one cell to another. On the basis of the information contained in the location updating message, the network (1) defines the core networks or services and location areas to which the location updating applies and sends a location updating message informing the new location of the subscriber or the subscriber terminal separately to each defined core network or service.