Abstract: A solar cell can include a silicon semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer on a first surface of the silicon semiconductor substrate; a polysilicon layer on the oxide layer; a diffusion region at a second surface of the silicon semiconductor substrate; a dielectric film on the polysilicon layer; a first electrode connected to the polysilicon layer through the dielectric film; a passivation film on the diffusion region; and a second electrode connected to the diffusion region through the passivation film.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a light source, a light sensor, and a controller that senses an amount of a coarse ambient light by turning off the light source and performing sensing in a coarse mode by using the light sensor and senses an amount of a fine ambient light by performing sensing in a fine mode by using the light sensor. The controller senses an amount of a target light by turning on the light source and performing sensing by using the light sensor while the light source emits a light, and outputs information based on the amount of the coarse ambient light, the amount of the fine ambient light, and the amount of the target light.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a light source, a light sensor, and a controller that senses an amount of a coarse ambient light by turning off the light source and performing sensing in a coarse mode by using the light sensor and senses an amount of a fine ambient light by performing sensing in a fine mode by using the light sensor. The controller senses an amount of a target light by turning on the light source and performing sensing by using the light sensor while the light source emits a light, and outputs information based on the amount of the coarse ambient light, the amount of the fine ambient light, and the amount of the target light.

Abstract: A memory controller of inventive concepts may include an active regulator configured to operate in an active mode and be inactive in a sleep mode, an active logic configured to receive a drive voltage, a power gating switch configured to connect the active regulator to the active logic after a transient state of the active mode, the transient state being an initial time period of the active mode, and a charging circuit configured to charge the active logic during the transient state.

Abstract: A memory controller of inventive concepts may include an active regulator configured to operate in an active mode and be inactive in a sleep mode, an active logic configured to receive a drive voltage, a power gating switch configured to connect the active regulator to the active logic after a transient state of the active mode, the transient state being an initial time period of the active mode, and a charging circuit configured to charge the active logic during the transient state.