Abstract: A substrate processing method capable of stably loading a substrate regardless of a variation in pressure of a reaction space includes supplying an inert gas; and forming a thin film by sequentially and repeatedly supplying a source gas, supplying a reaction gas, and activating the reaction gas, wherein a center portion of a substrate and a center portion of a susceptor are spaced apart from each other to form a separate space, the reaction space above the substrate and the separate space communicate with each other via one or more channels, an inert gas is introduced to the separate space through the one or more channels during the supplying of the inert gas, and the inert gas prevents pressure imbalance between the separate space and the reaction space during a thin film deposition process.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a heat pump and a control method thereof. The heat pump according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a circulation flow path in which a flow direction of a refrigerant is switched depending on a cooling mode or a heating mode; a first outdoor heat exchanger and a second outdoor evaporative heat exchanger arranged in series on the circulation flow path; and a flow path switching valve disposed on the circulation flow path and switching the flow direction of the refrigerant in the circulation flow path so that the refrigerant is evaporated while flowing in the order of the second outdoor evaporative heat exchanger and the first outdoor heat exchanger in the heating mode.

Abstract: A condenser includes first to third header rows, including a first header extending in a first direction and having a flow path therein, a second header extending in the first direction and having a flow path therein, and a plurality of connecting tubes extending in a second direction between the first and second headers and connecting flow paths of the first and second headers. The first to third header rows are stacked in a third direction, the first to third directions are orthogonal to each other, the 1-1 header and the 2-1 header are configured to communicate with each other, the 1-2 header, the 2-2 header and the 3-2 header are configured to communicate with each other, and at least one of the 1-1 header and the 2-1 header is provided with a plurality of fluid inlets connected to a fluid supply unit.

Abstract: An air conditioner having a water nozzle cleaning system for cleaning a water nozzle spraying water to a heat exchanger, and a braking control method used therein are provided, the air conditioner including an evaporator, an expansion valve, a compressor and an evaporative condenser through which refrigerant circulates includes a water supply line including a first water line and a second water line branching from a water supply source and a third water line at which the first water line and the second water line are joined, and configured to supply water to the evaporative condenser; and a water control module including a control unit configured to control the water supply line.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery that enables the provision of a lithium secondary battery having a higher energy density and can fundamentally prevent the electrolyte decomposition reaction and the lithium dendrite formation, a method for manufacturing the same and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: A negative electrode for an all-solid-state battery and an all-solid-state battery including the same are provided. The negative electrode comprises a crystalline carbon layer, an amorphous carbon layer which includes a carbon defect structure formed on the crystalline carbon layer and formed of electron-deficient carbon atoms, the carbon defect structure comprising pores of nanoscale formed therein, and a solid electrolyte material formed in the pores of the amorphous carbon layer, and provides excellent contact characteristics between the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte along with improved life characteristics of the all-solid-state battery.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes an indoor introduction air path configured to introduce air into an indoor space and an outdoor discharge air path configured to discharge air to an outdoor space, wherein the outdoor discharge air path includes an air path in which heat exchange is performed with the air introduced into the indoor space, and a by-pass path in which heat exchange is not performed with the air introduced into the indoor space, and the air conditioner further includes a controller configured to control the air discharged to the outdoor space so that the air discharged to the outdoor space flows to one of the air paths, in which the heat exchange is performed, and the by-pass path.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a technique for improving the ionic conductivity by introducing an electric field concept to a process for preparing an ion exchange membrane and deflecting an ion channel within an ion exchange membrane in one direction, and specifically to a device for fabricating an ion exchange membrane and a method therefor in a roll-to-roll manner and a casting manner with a deflected ion channel which can improve the ionic conductivity of the ion exchange membrane by reducing a travelling distance of the ions in the deflected ion channels.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an air conditioner capable of improving user convenience because a ventilation mode in which heat exchange between indoor air and outdoor air is performed and a ventilation mode in which the heat exchange is not performed are selectable by a user and a controlling method of the air conditioner.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a technique for improving the ionic conductivity by introducing an electric field concept to a process for preparing an ion exchange membrane and deflecting an ion channel within an ion exchange membrane in one direction, and specifically to a device for fabricating an ion exchange membrane and a method therefor in a roll-to-roll manner and a casting manner with a deflected ion channel which can improve the ionic conductivity of the ion exchange membrane by reducing a travelling distance of the ions in the deflected ion channels.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a technique for improving the ionic conductivity by introducing an electric field concept to a process for preparing an ion exchange membrane and deflecting ion channels within an ion exchange membrane in one direction, and specifically to a device for continuously preparing an ion exchange membrane with deflected ion channels in a roll-to-roll manner which can improve the ionic conductivity of the ion exchange membrane by reducing a traveling distance of the ions of the deflected ion channels.