Abstract: A system and method are provided for simulating circuits that transmit bidirectional signals between some ports using simulators designed originally for electrical circuits and systems, that eliminate the need for different port interfaces. The system and method can be applied to simulate photonic circuits either standalone or integrated with electrical circuits and systems. In one method implemented by the system potential and flow representations, available for example in Verilog-A simulators, are used to create bidirectional signals on a single bus line to transmit optical signals. In another method implemented by the system, the system auto-configures each optical port type as left or right at runtime or during a pre-simulation initialization to allow for bidirectional signals with a single port interface.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for simulating circuits that transmit bidirectional signals between some ports using simulators designed originally for electrical circuits and systems, that eliminate the need for different port interfaces. The system and method can be applied to simulate photonic circuits either standalone or integrated with electrical circuits and systems. In one method implemented by the system potential and flow representations, available for example in Verilog-A simulators, are used to create bidirectional signals on a single bus line to transmit optical signals. In another method implemented by the system, the system auto-configures each optical port type as left or right at runtime or during a pre-simulation initialization to allow for bidirectional signals with a single port interface.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for simulating circuits that transmit bidirectional signals between some ports using simulators designed originally for electrical circuits and systems, that eliminate the need for different port interfaces. The system and method can be applied to simulate photonic circuits either standalone or integrated with electrical circuits and systems. In one method implemented by the system potential and flow representations, available for example in Verilog-A simulators, are used to create bidirectional signals on a single bus line to transmit optical signals. In another method implemented by the system, the system auto-configures each optical port type as left or right at runtime or during a pre-simulation initialization to allow for bidirectional signals with a single port interface.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing contact lenses, including: (a) mixing a siloxane macromer represented by formula (I), a siloxane macromer represented by formula (II), a hydrophilic monomer, a crosslinking agent and an initiator to form a mixture for manufacturing contact lenses, wherein the mixture for manufacturing contact lenses is free of solvent; and (b) injecting the mixture into a mould of contact lenses and conducting a UV irradiating treatment or a thermal treatment to form contact lenses, wherein formula (I) and formula (II) are shown in following: in formula (I), R1, R2 and R3 are C1-C4 alkyl groups and m is an integer of 10-40, and in formula (II), R4, R5 and R6 are C1-C4 alkyl groups or alcohol groups, R7 is a C1-C4 alkyl group, and n is an integer of 10-130. Also provided are the contact lenses manufactured from the method.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing contact lenses, including: (a) mixing a siloxane macromer represented by formula (I), a siloxane macromer represented by formula (II), a hydrophilic monomer, a crosslinking agent and an initiator to form a mixture for manufacturing contact lenses, wherein the mixture for manufacturing contact lenses is free of solvent; and (b) injecting the mixture into a mould of contact lenses and conducting a UV irradiating treatment or a thermal treatment to form contact lenses, wherein formula (I) and formula (II) are shown in following: in formula (I), R1, R2 and R3 are C1-C4 alkyl groups and m is an integer of 10-40, and in formula (II), R4, R5 and R6 are C1-C4 alkyl groups or alcohol groups, R7 is a C1-C4 alkyl group, and n is an integer of 10-130. Also provided are the contact lenses manufactured from the method.