Abstract: A sense amplifier of a memory device that includes sense amplifier circuits and a reference sharing circuit is introduced. The sense amplifier circuits are configured to sense the plurality of bit lines according to an enable signal. The reference sharing circuit includes first switches and second switches that are coupled to the reference nodes and second reference nodes of the sense amplifier circuits, respectively. The first switches and second switches are controlled according to a control signal to control a first electrical connection among the first reference nodes, and to control a second electrical connection among the second reference nodes. An operation method of the sense amplifier and a memory device including the sense amplifier are also introduced.

Abstract: The sense amplifier circuit includes a differential amplifier, a first switch, and a second switch. The differential amplifier includes a first input node, a second input node, a first output node, and a second output node. The differential amplifier amplifies a voltage difference of the first output node and the second output node according to a first input voltage of the first input node and a second input voltage of the second input node. A control node of the first (second) switch is coupled to a control line, the first (second) switch is coupled to the first (second) input node, and the first (second) switch is coupled to the first (second) output node. The first (second) switch pre-charges the first (second) input node by a first (second) output voltage of the first (second) output node while the control line is received a select signal.

Abstract: The invention discloses an astaxanthin (AST) nanoemulsion and its manufacturing method. The manufacturing method comprising steps of: adding an AST material into a peanut oil and mixing them uniformly to obtain an AST oil; adding 0.25-1.5 (w/w) % of a surfactant into the AST oil and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixed solution; and adding water into the mixed solution to obtain an AST emulsion precursor; and shaking the AST emulsion precursor to obtain the AST nanoemulsion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a nutritional composition for inhibiting survival of an RNA virus and a method for treating an RNA virus infection. The nutritional composition consists of an astaxanthin extract and at least one probiotic extract. The at least one probiotic extract is selected from the group consisting of a lipoteichoic acid and a peptidoglycan. The method for treating the RNA virus infection includes administering an effective concentration of a nutritional composition to a subject in need thereof, wherein the nutritional composition consists of an astaxanthin extract and at least one probiotic extract, and the at least one probiotic extract is selected from the group consisting of a lipoteichoic acid and a peptidoglycan.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a recombinant protein comprising a plurality of type II cohesin repeats. The present disclosure provides a recombinant cellulosome complex comprising: the recombinant protein comprising a plurality of type II cohesin repeats; a recombinant cellulosome complex integrating protein A comprising a plurality of type I cohesin repeats, a plurality of cellulose-binding modules and a type II dockerin; and a plurality of recombinant enzymes each comprising a type I dockerin. A cell, a method for digesting a cellulose and a method for producing ethanol are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are recombinant polynucleotide sequences, vectors, host cells and methods for producing astaxanthin. The recombinant polynucleotide sequence is designed to provide a higher level of astaxanthin precursors via a shorter metabolic pathway, and thereby attains higher level of end products (e.g., astaxanthin) with desired stereoisomeric form and/or esterified form.

Abstract: A method for biosynthesis polyhydroxybutyrate by a yeast transformant of the invention includes the following steps: (1) transforming a polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis related gene into an oleaginous yeast to obtain an yeast transformant. (2) screening the yeast transformant. (3) cultivating the yeast transformant to obtain the polyhydroxybutyrate. The method of the invention provides a way of cheaper, faster and flexibility in biotechnology metabolism to improve PHB production.

Abstract: The invention discloses an astaxanthin (AST) nanoemulsion and its manufacturing method. The manufacturing method comprising steps of: adding an AST material into a peanut oil and mixing them uniformly to obtain an AST oil; adding 0.25-1.5 (w/w)% of a surfactant into the AST oil and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixed solution; and adding water into the mixed solution to obtain an AST emulsion precursor; and shaking the AST emulsion precursor to obtain the AST nanoemulsion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a recombinant protein comprising a plurality of type II cohesin repeats. The present disclosure provides a recombinant cellulosome complex comprising: the recombinant protein comprising a plurality of type II cohesin repeats; a recombinant cellulosome complex integrating protein A comprising a plurality of type I cohesin repeats, a plurality of cellulose-binding modules and a type II dockerin; and a plurality of recombinant enzymes each comprising a type I dockerin. A cell, a method for digesting a cellulose and a method for producing ethanol are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are recombinant polynucleotide sequences, vectors, host cells and methods for producing astaxanthin. The recombinant polynucleotide sequence is designed to provide a higher level of astaxanthin precursors via a shorter metabolic pathway, and thereby attains higher level of end products (e.g., astaxanthin) with desired stereoisomeric form and/or esterified form.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are recombinant polynucleotide sequences, vectors, host cells and methods for producing astaxanthin. The recombinant polynucleotide sequence is designed to provide a higher level of astaxanthin precursors via a shorter metabolic pathway, and thereby attains higher level of end products (e.g., astaxanthin) with desired stereoisomeric form and/or esterified form.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are recombinant polynucleotide sequences, vectors, host cells and methods for producing astaxanthin. The recombinant polynucleotide sequence is designed to provide a higher level of astaxanthin precursors via a shorter metabolic pathway, and thereby attains higher level of end products (e.g., astaxanthin) with desired stereoisomeric form and/or esterified form.

Abstract: Described herein is an engineered Kluyveromyces marxianus cell, the cell comprising in its genome: (i) two different nucleic acid molecules that each contain a promoter operably linked to a gene encoding a functional enzyme, and (ii) a selection nucleic acid molecule that contains a promoter operably linked to a gene encoding a selectable marker, wherein all of the nucleic acids molecules of (i) and (ii) are in tandem and the engineered cell expresses all of the proteins encoded by the genes of (i) and (ii).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are recombinant polynucleotide sequences, vectors, host cells and methods for producing astaxanthin. The recombinant polynucleotide sequence is designed to provide a higher level of astaxanthin precursors via a shorter metabolic pathway, and thereby attains higher level of end products (e.g., astaxanthin) with desired stereoisomeric form and/or esterified form.

Abstract: Described herein is an engineered Kluyveromyces marxianus cell, the cell comprising in its genome: (i) two different nucleic acid molecules that each contain a promoter operably linked to a gene encoding a functional enzyme, and (ii) a selection nucleic acid molecule that contains a promoter operably linked to a gene encoding a selectable marker, wherein all of the nucleic acids molecules of (i) and (ii) are in tandem and the engineered cell expresses all of the proteins encoded by the genes of (i) and (ii).

Abstract: Described is a method of introducing multiple nucleic acid molecules into the genome of a cell. The method includes providing a plurality of nucleic acid molecules, each of the plurality of nucleic acid molecules containing (a) a nucleic acid sequence operatively linked to a promoter sequence at the 5? end of the nucleic acid molecule, and (b) an overlapping sequence at the 3? end of the nucleic acid molecule.

Abstract: Described is a method of introducing multiple nucleic acid molecules into the genome of a cell. The method includes providing a plurality of nucleic acid molecules, each of the plurality of nucleic acid molecules containing (a) a nucleic acid sequence operatively linked to a promoter sequence at the 5? end of the nucleic acid molecule, and (b) an overlapping sequence at the 3? end of the nucleic acid molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel flavor compound-producing yeast strain and methods of using the strain to produce flavor compounds.

Abstract: An expression system for producing a multi-enzyme complex, the system including a nucleic acid molecule containing a promoter operatively linked to a nucleotide sequence including multiple genes encoding multiple enzymes that are components of the multi-enzyme complex.

Abstract: A polycistronic expression cassette encoding proteins necessary for constructing a multi-enzyme complex was developed. Also disclosed herein is a host cell containing this polycistronic expression cassette and uses thereof in degrading biomass.