Abstract: The present description is related to the field of cultivating algae. It introduces a method of cultivating algae by depleting the culture of an inorganic nutrient and exposing the alga to high intensity light to obtain algal cell mass having enriched lipid content and reduced chlorophyll content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of novel sulphur-containing polyamides from renewable sources, and methods for producing the same. The production method involves the preparation of sulphur-containing functional monomers, which can subsequently undergo polycondensation to from either AB- or AABB-type sulphur-containing polyamides. Furthermore, these novel polyamides display superior water barrier/adsorption, better retention of physical properties at elevated temperature (?Tg) and easier processability and polyolefin-compatibility than conventional polyamides. Potential applications for these novel polyamides include high-end electronic devices, organic light-emitting diode devices, components for charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and image sensors (CISs), films and coatings, food packaging films, furniture, appliances, sports equipment, consumer goods, wire and cable, and automotive components.

Abstract: The present description is related to the field of cultivating algae. It introduces a method of cultivating algae by depleting the culture of an inorganic nutrient and exposing the alga to high intensity light to obtain algal cell mass having enriched lipid content and reduced chlorophyll content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming graphene based material. According to the invention graphene oxide is functionalized via thiol-ene click chemistry so that the graphene oxide is prepared and dispersed in solvents, the graphene is reacted with thiol containing compound via thiol-ene click reaction between thiol group and double bond of aromatic rings in graphene oxide by one-step reaction, and the functionalized graphene oxide is formed. Further, the invention relates to a product.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include methods for preparing crosslinked polydepsipeptide copolymers by stereolithography (e.g., 3-D printing). In practicing methods according to certain embodiments, a crosslinkable copolymer containing a depsipeptide having one or more hydrolysable crosslinkers is photocrosslinked by stereolithography to produce a crosslinked polydepsipeptide copolymer. In certain embodiments, methods include contacting the crosslinkable poly(depsipeptide-co-?-caprolactone) copolymer precursor with one or more bioactive agents and photocrosslinking by 3-D printing to produce a crosslinked poly(depsipeptide-co-?-caprolactone) copolymer with incorporated bioactive agent. Crosslinkable polydepsipeptide copolymer precursors and crosslinked polydepsipeptide copolymers are also described.

Abstract: A rotary machine type shock wave reactor suitable for thermal cracking of hydrocarbon-containing materials includes a casing, a rotor whose periphery contains an axial-flow blade cascade, and a directing rim, provided with at least two stationary vane cascades, adjoining an axial-flow rotor cascade, wherein the casing substantially encloses the periphery of the rotor and the directing rim. The cascades are configured to direct feedstock containing process stream to repeatedly pass the cascades in a helical trajectory while propagating within the duct between the inlet and exit and to generate stationary shock-waves to heat the feedstock. The axial-flow rotor cascade is configured to provide kinetic energy and add velocity to feedstock containing process stream, and the stationary vanes located downstream the rotor cascade are configured to reduce the velocity of the stream and convert kinetic energy into heat. The reactor may also process carbohydrate-and glyceride-based feedstock, and gaseous biomass matter.

Abstract: A rotary machine type shock wave reactor suitable for thermal cracking of hydrocarbon-containing materials includes a casing, a rotor whose periphery contains an axial-flow blade cascade, and a directing rim, provided with at least two stationary vane cascades, adjoining an axial-flow rotor cascade, wherein the casing substantially encloses the periphery of the rotor and the directing rim. The cascades are configured to direct feedstock containing process stream to repeatedly pass the cascades in a helical trajectory while propagating within the duct between the inlet and exit and to generate stationary shock-waves to heat the feedstock. The axial-flow rotor cascade is configured to provide kinetic energy and add velocity to feedstock containing process stream, and the stationary vanes located downstream the rotor cascade are configured to reduce the velocity of the stream and convert kinetic energy into heat.

Abstract: A method of modifying the surface of a substrate which comprises a fibrous material. According to the present invention, the surface is brought into contact with a type of amphiphilic block copolymer which comprises one or several hydrophilic polymeric blocks and one or several hydrophobic polymeric blocks. Approximately 0.01-3 g/m2 of the amphiphilic block copolymer are applied onto the surface. With the help of the present invention, it is possible to effectively modify the surface of paper in such a manner that it produces a good surface for printing, for instance for ink-jet printing.

Abstract: A composition, prepolymer and method to produce a polymer based on biodegradable or essentially renewable crude materials, which can be crosslinked by free radicals. The composition is based on polyesters that are functionalized with unsaturated monomer units, in a way that unsaturated groups can be located along the polymer main chain as well as at the ends of the prepolymer. In connection to the product production, the prepolymer is exposed to free radicals that leads to network formation. The composition of the crosslinked biopolymer can be adjusted from a stiff engineering material to an elastic rubbery material. The new biopolymer can be used in composite materials, dispersions, barrier materials, rubbery materials, biomedical applications, and the like.

Abstract: Biodegradable polymers formed from biodegradable polyester-based prepolymers, to which ring-structured anhydrides which have different hydrophobicities have been connected, and which are either coupled to form linear thermoplastic polyester anhydrides or cross-linked to form network-structured polyester anhydrides. It is possible to adjust widely the degradation rate and mechanism of the polymers and thus they can be used, for example, in the controlled dosing of pharmaceutical ingredients, for tissue technological applications, in surgery and in bioactive composites.

Abstract: A method of modifying the surface of a substrate which comprises a fibrous material. According to the present invention, the surface is brought into contact with a type of amphiphilic block copolymer which comprises one or several hydrophilic polymeric blocks and one or several hydrophobic polymeric blocks. Approximately 0.01-3 g/m2 of the amphiphilic block copolymer are applied onto the surface. With the help of the present invention, it is possible to effectively modify the surface of paper in such a manner that it produces a good surface for printing, for instance for ink-jet printing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new biodegradable polymers. These polymers comprise biodegradable polyester-based prepolymers, to which ring-structured anhydrides which have different hydrophobicities have been connected, and which are either coupled to form linear thermoplastic polyester anhydrides or cross-linked to form network-structured polyester anhydrides. It is possible to adjust widely the degradation rate and mechanism of the polymers according to the present invention, and thus they can be used, for example, in the controlled dosing of pharmaceutical ingredients, for tissue technological applications, in surgery and in bioactive composites.

Abstract: The invention discloses composition, prepolymer and method to produce a polymer based on biodegradabler or essentially renewable crude materials, which can be crosslinked by free radicals. Composition is based on polyesters that are functionalised with unsaturated monomer units, in a way that unsaturated groups can be located along the polymer main chain as well as at the ends of the prepolymer. In connection to the product production, the prepolymer shall be exposed to free radicals that leads to network formation. The composition of the crosslinked biopolymer can be adjusted from a stiff engineering material to an elastic rubbery material. The new biopolymer can be used in composite materials, dispersions, barrier materials, rubbery materials, and in biomedical applications to mention a few possible application areas.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a biodegradable polymer network and methods to make it. The polymer network consists of a cross-linked polyester resin, which is composed of hydroxy acid units, structural units derived from an unsaturated bifunctional monomer, and structural units derived from a polyol monomer. The polyester resin is produced directly by a polyoon-densation reaction, after which it is cross-linked to a polymer of high molecular weight The polyester can be co-polymerised with a co-monomer increasing flexibility, or be blended with a reactive macromonomer, which adds elasticity and crosslinking density. The prepared polymer network can be especially used to coat continuous or singular objects made of fibrous, porous, biomass based or inorganic materials, or as a blending component in these, or used to impregnate these in order to induce water durability, barrier properties, elasticity, coherence or mechanical strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heterophasic composition which essentially consists of three immiscible components, A, B and C, and the production method of the same. The component A is some body compatible polymer, the component B is a water soluble or hydrolytically degradable substance which produces cavities or network like porosity after disappearing through solubilization or degradation, and a bioactive substance C which at least component B contains in form of particles as a blend component and which still exists in the pores or their walls after the degradation or solubilization of the component B.

Abstract: A method of selecting the serving network element in a telecommunications network. Mobility agents or routers transmit attribute information on one or more network elements in advertising messages to at least one mobile node. This information is used in the mobile node for selecting the serving network element.

Abstract: A polymer composition comprising optionally a matrix polymer, a nano-filler, and a polyolefin with functional groups which has been prepared directly by polymerising olefin monomers with comonomers comprising functional groups using a single site catalyst.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a biodegradable polymer network and methods to make it. The polymer network consists of a cross-linked polyester resin, which is composed of hydroxy acid units, structural units derived from an unsaturated bifunctional monomer, and structural units derived from a polyol monomer. The polyester resin is produced directly by a polyoon-densation reaction, after which it is cross-linked to a polymer of high molecular weight The polyester can be co-polymerised with a co-monomer increasing flexibility, or be blended with a reactive macromonomer, which adds elasticity and crosslinking density. The prepared polymer network can be especially used to coat continuous or singular objects made of fibrous, porous, biomass based or inorganic materials, or as a blending component in these, or used to impregnate these in order to induce water durability, barrier properties, elasticity, coherence or mechanical strength.

Abstract: Methods and system for weighted polling of terminals in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). Quality of Service (QoS) information related to WLAN terminals is obtained. A weighted polling factor may be assigned to each WLAN terminal based on the QoS information. Each WLAN terminal may be polled during a transmission period based on the weighted polling factor assigned to each WLAN terminal.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program for applying a predetermined transmission process to the transmission of IP packets of a particular Internet Protocol (IP) flow in an IP network. The invention is implemented by defining in a host, such as a wireless terminal, a Quality of Service (QoS) management protocol between an IP session management protocol of the host and each of an IP layer and a link layer of the host, and defining in another apparatus, such as a wireless access point, a QoS management protocol between the QoS management protocol of the host and each of an IP layer and a link layer of the wireless access point. The wireless access point communicates with the wireless terminal via a link and allows the wireless terminal to communicate with the IP network. IP session information is configured in the wireless terminal and the wireless access point in each of the IP and link layers based on IP session management information from the IP session management protocol of the wireless terminal.