Abstract: A replica in which a bone part and soft tissue are reproduced with physical properties close to those of real organs and tissues in term of shape, color, apparent textures, softness and hardness, and which allows a trainee to practice surgical techniques so that part of the replica can be incised by surgical manipulation, together with a production method for the replica. The bone part and soft tissue are reproduced with physical properties close to those of real tissue. The incisable part is replaceable as a component, whereas the body part of the replica can be used repeatedly.

Abstract: An method to reshape parametrically expressed free forms on a CAD system permits more natural reshaping by direct reshaping and smoother reshaping of curves by simultaneously moving multiple control points. The reshaping method determines whether a cursor whose coordinates are input from an input device has traversed the free form, calculates new form-defining parameters to determine a segment of the form including the point of traverse when the cursor proved to have traversed so that the newly created segment of the form does not intersect the locus drawn by the traversing cursor, and achieves the intended reshaping by creating a new form based on the new form-defining parameters.