Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for sound source localization based on joint learning and evaluation of ITD and ILD representations that are measured in a complementary, correlation-based way using binaural time-frequency spectrums. According to one embodiment, from these measurements and learned representatives, which may, for example, be created by combinations of measurements from signals belonging to the same class, i.e., the same azimuthal location, probability distributions over frequency and class are computed. These probability distributions can be combined over cue and frequency using information-theoretic approaches to get a robust classification of the location and additionally a confidence measure for the quality of the classification result.

Abstract: Convolutional networks (12) can be defined by a set of layers (1, 2, 3) being respectively made up by a two-dimensional lattice of neurons (4). Each layer (1, 2, 3)—with the exception of the last layer (3)—represents a source layer (7) for respectively following target layer (8). A plurality of neurons (4) of a source layer (7) called a source sub-area respectively share the identical connectivity weight matrix type. Each connectivity weight matrix type is represented by a scalar product of an encoding filter (10) and a decoding filter (11). For each source layer (7) a source reconstruction image (9) is calculated on the basis of the corresponding encoding filters (10) and the activities of the corresponding source sub-area. For each connectivity weight matrix type, each target sub-area and each target layer (8) the input of the target layer (8) is calculated (S6) as a convolution of the source reconstruction image (9) and the decoding filter (11).

Abstract: The disclosure presents methods to enable and facilitate the display, visualization and realization of a two-dimensional design on a three-dimensional object. Methods for the creation of the design using a Virtual Design Environment, alone or in conjunction with an Optical Projection System, for the application of the design onto a three-dimensional real world object, are proposed, and improvements to a Laser System for displaying the design on the object.