Abstract: The present invention is directed to a membrane reactor for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide, said membrane reactor comprising a reaction compartment (2) comprising a catalyst bed, a permeate compartment (4) and a membrane separating the reaction compartment and the permeate compartment, wherein said permeate compartment comprises a condensing surface.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for treating an off-gas from a lean burn engine comprising contacting said off-gas with an oxidizing compound, thus producing oxidized NOx compounds, followed by contacting the oxidized NOx compounds with water, by which at least part of said oxidized NOx compounds dissolves in said water. The process of the invention provides for a very efficient means of reducing NOx emission. The equipment for carrying out the process of the invention can be compact, so that it can be used on board without sacrificing too much valuable space and without increasing the weight of the ship too much.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a membrane reactor for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide, said membrane reactor comprising a reaction compartment (2) comprising a catalyst bed, a permeate compartment (4) and a membrane separating the reaction compartment and the permeate compartment, wherein said permeate compartment comprises a condensing surface.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention there is provided a method for deoxygenation of a first liquid, which method comprises contacting said first liquid with a membrane, which membrane is on its filtrate side in contact with a second liquid comprising an oxygen scavenger. There is provided a second method for deoxygenation of a first liquid which method comprises contacting said first liquid with a membrane, which membrane is on its filtrate side in contact with an oxygen-lean sweep gas. The invention is also directed to an apparatus for carrying out these methods. The present invention provides a very efficient means to deoxygenate liquids of all sorts, such as CO2 scrubbing solutions and beverages.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for treating an off-gas from a lean burn engine comprising contacting said off-gas with an oxidizing compound, thus producing oxidized NOx compounds, followed by contacting the oxidized NOx compounds with water, by which at least part of said oxidized NOx compounds dissolves in said water. The process of the invention provides for a very efficient means of reducing NOx emission. The equipment for carrying out the process of the invention can be compact, so that it can be used on board without sacrificing too much valuable space and without increasing the weight of the ship too much.