Abstract: A telephone call waiting signal system as used in a processor controlled exchange, wherein reuse is made of an existing ringing supply bus and the signal relay in each subscriber's line equipment for applying a call waiting signal to the subscriber's line. This is made possible by the multiplexing of the two signals and selectively operating the signal relay at the line equipment.

Abstract: Digital Carrier Trunks connected via a supervisory decoding and multiplexing logic to an electronic digital PABX. The circuit is arranged to receive or transmit the supervisory signal in either the "Ground Start", E&M modes or a combination of both in either the D2 or D3 signalling format over a T1 carrier span without converting to the analog signal form.

Abstract: A call for service and continuity sensor circuit for use in conjunction with a trunk circuit of a digital PABX telephone system interfacing with a central office via ground start signalling providing for detection of a call for service signal to the PABX by the central office. This circuit also provides the means to effect an open circuit for both signalling and transmission conditions in order to prevent excess loading of the trunk circuit during these conditions. This circuit provides a precise and stable threshold detection level necessary for accurate sensing of the trunk circuit conditions mentioned above despite parasitic leakage current, induced longitudinal power line voltages, and earth potentials sometimes existing on the line connecting the PABX to the central office.

Abstract: Generally, the power fail monitor and transfer circuit of the present invention provides four metallic transmission loops from the subscribers on the private branch exchange to four dedicated trunk lines to the central office. The central office battery is utilized as the transmission media and, on incoming calls, the central office extends ringing current directly to the private branch exchange subscribers. The metallic transmission loops are automatically provided during a failure, and, during power restoration, any interruption of existing telephone conversations is effectively prevented by monitoring the current flow in the transmission path, by means of optical couplers.