Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus includes a first radio frequency (RF) power supply unit for applying a first RF power for generating a plasma from a processing gas to at least one of a first and a second electrode which are disposed facing each other in an evacuable processing chamber. The first RF power supply unit is controlled by a control unit so that a first phase at which the first RF power has a first amplitude for generating a plasma and a second phase at which the first RF power has a second amplitude for generating substantially no plasma are alternately repeated at predetermined intervals.

Abstract: A temperature measuring apparatus includes a light source, a first splitter, a second splitter, a reference beam reflector, an optical path length adjuster, a reference beam transmitting member, a first to an nth measuring beam transmitting member and a photodetector. The temperature measuring apparatus further includes an attenuator that attenuates the reference beam reflected from the reference beam reflector to thereby make an intensity thereof closer to an intensity of the measurement beam reflected from the temperature measurement object.

Abstract: A gas analyzing apparatus includes a measurement chamber having a mounting member for mounting thereon a substrate on which a sample is adsorbed; a depressurizing mechanism for depressurizing the inside of the measurement chamber; and a heating unit for heating the substrate having the adsorbed sample thereon and mounted on the mounting member. The apparatus further includes: a mass spectrometer inserted in the measurement chamber, for detecting gas molecules escaping from the sample with an increasing temperature; and a temperature measuring unit for measuring a temperature of the substrate having the adsorbed sample thereon by using an interferometer which detects an optical thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: A temperature measuring apparatus includes a light source, a first splitter, a second splitter, a reference beam reflector, an optical path length adjuster, a reference beam transmitting member, a first to an nth measuring beam transmitting member and a photodetector. The temperature measuring apparatus further includes a controller that stores, as initial peak position data, positions of interference peaks respectively measured in advance by irradiating the first to the nth measuring beam onto the first to the nth measurement point of the temperature measurement object, and compares the initial peak position data to positions of interference peaks respectively measured during a temperature measurement to thereby estimate a temperature at each of the first to the nth measurement point.

Abstract: There is provided a method for manufacturing an optical fiber base material. The method includes: connecting a dummy rod 3 to an end of a target formed of a quartz glass rod to form a rod with dummy, the target becoming the optical fiber base material by depositing thereon glass particles; forming a taper portion 10 of which a diameter of the dummy rod side is narrower than a diameter of the target side in a connecting portion between the dummy road being chucked and the target 5 when processing the rod with dummy to transparently vitrify it; and depositing glass particles on an outer circumference of the glass rod with dummy after the processing the dummy rod so as to cover the outer circumference of a large diameter side of the taper portion 10 and forming soot.

Abstract: A wiper blade 13 comprises a rubber holder 17 attached to a tip of a wiper arm 14 and a blade rubber 16 supported by the rubber holder 17. The rubber holder 17 is formed into a U-shaped cross section, and an intermediate portion of the blade rubber 16 is covered with the rubber holder 17. Also, both sides of the rubber holder 17 are provided with covers 18 in a longitudinal direction in series. Each of the cover 18 becomes rotatable to the rubber holder 17 in a direction perpendicular to a front windshield glass 12, and exposed portions from the rubber holder 17 of the blade rubber 16 are covered with these covers 18 in an elastically deformable state.

Abstract: The process for desulfurizing a gas oil fraction according to the invention comprises a low-boiling gas oil fraction hydrodesulfurization step (I) wherein a low-boiling gas oil fraction is desulsurized under the condition of a H2/Oil ratio of 70 to 200 Nm3/kl to obtain a treated oil, a high-boiling gas oil fraction hydrodesulfurization step (II) wherein a high-boiling gas oil fraction is desulsurized under the condition of a H2Oil ratio of 200 to 800 Nm3/kl to obtain a treated oil, and a step (III) wherein the treated oil obtained in the step (I) is mixed with the treated oil obtained in the step (II), and in this process, at least a part of a gas containing unreacted hydrogen in the step (II) is used for the hydrodesulfurization of the step (I).

Abstract: A wiper blade 11 linked to a wiper arm 14 has a blade rubber 16 and a rubber holder 15 with a U-shaped section, wherein the rubber holder 15 is formed shorter in axial length than the blade rubber 16 and surrounds an intermediate portion of the blade rubber 16. Both end portions in a longitudinal direction of the rubber holder 15 are provided with a pair of holding portions 31 and 32, wherein the holding portion 31 has a holding claw 33 engaged with a stopper portion 36 provided in a holding groove 35 of the blade rubber 16 and the holding portion 32 has a holding claw 37 engaged slidably with the holding groove 35 of the blade rubber 16 and the rubber holder 15 is linked to the blade rubber 16 by two position of these holding portions 31 and 32.

Abstract: Even if an optical fiber obtained by drawing a preform is exposed to hydrogen atmosphere, an OH peak in the optical fiber at wavelength of about 1385 nm hardly rises regardless of the condition of drawing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a base material for optical fiber having a deformed first clad consisting of at least a core, a first clad and a second clad, comprising a step of deforming a shape of a section of the first clad so that it may have at least one linear part when the first clad is formed around the core, a step of depositing porous glass fine particles as the second clad made of the same material as that of the first clad on a glass rod having the deformed first clad to form a porous glass base material, and a step of forming the second clad having a round section by vitrifying it. There can be provided a method for producing a base material for optical fiber wherein a lot of breakages or cracks on the surface of the base material can be prevented in a step of depositing porous glass fine particles for the second clad on the first clad, and base material for optical fiber having no defects, and an optical fiber having an efficient effect of being excited with excitation light.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a fluorine-doped quartz glass article by sintering a porous glass preform moving in a heat zone in an atmosphere of a fluorine gas is disclosed, wherein a fluorine gas process is performed by setting a moving speed of the porous glass preform in the heat zone heated at 1000° C. or more in order that L/V is 40 minutes or more, where L is the length (mm) of a heater, and V is the moving speed (mm/min). The temperature of the heat zone may be vitrification temperature. The fluorine gas process may be performed in the heat zone which is at 1000° C. or more not to perform a vitrification process, and then the vitrification process maybe performed by increasing the temperature of the heat zone.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a synthesized silica glass optical member, the method comprising: providing a porous silica glass body; heating the porous' silica glass body in an atmosphere containing hydrogen or oxygen, and sintering the porous silica glass body in an atmosphere containing fluorine compound. Furthermore, a synthesized silica glass optical member manufactured by the method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a synthesized silica glass optical member, the method comprising: providing a porous silica glass body; heating the porous silica glass body in an atmosphere containing hydrogen or oxygen, and sintering the porous silica glass body in an atmosphere containing fluorine compound. Furthermore, a synthesized silica glass optical member manufactured by the method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a synthesized silica glass optical member, the method comprising: providing a porous silica glass body; heating the porous silica glass body in an atmosphere containing hydrogen or oxygen, and sintering the porous silica glass body in an atmosphere containing fluorine compound. Furthermore, a synthesized silica glass optical member manufactured by the method.

Abstract: Even if an optical fiber obtained by drawing a preform is exposed to hydrogen atmosphere, an OH peak in the optical fiber at wavelength of about 1385 nm hardly rises regardless of the condition of drawing.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a base material for optical fiber having a deformed first clad consisting of at least a core, a first clad and a second clad, comprising a step of deforming a shape of a section of the first clad so that it may have at least one linear part when the first clad is formed around the core, a step of depositing porous glass fine particles as the second clad made of the same material as that of the first clad on a glass rod having the deformed first clad to form a porous glass base material, and a step of forming the second clad having a round section by vitrifying it. There can be provided a method for producing a base material for optical fiber wherein a lot of breakages or cracks on the surface of the base material can be prevented in a step of depositing porous glass fine particles for the second clad on the first clad, and base material for optical fiber having no defects, and an optical fiber having an efficient effect of being excited with excitation light.

Abstract: The process for desulfurizing a gas oil fraction according to the invention comprises a low-boiling gas oil fraction hydrodesulfurization step (I) wherein a low-boiling gas oil fraction is desulsurized under the condition of a H2/Oil ratio of 70 to 200 Nm3/kl to obtain a treated oil, a high-boiling gas oil fraction hydrodesulfurization step (II) wherein a high-boiling gas oil fraction is desulsurized under the condition of a H2Oil ratio of 200 to 800 Nm3/kl to obtain a treated oil, and a step (III) wherein the treated oil obtained in the step (I) is mixed with the treated oil obtained in the step (II), and in this process, at least a part of a gas containing unreacted hydrogen in the step (II) is used for the hydrodesulfurization of the step (I). According to the invention, there can be provided a process and an apparatus for desulfurizing a gas oil fraction, which are capable of using hydrogen and energy efficiently and capable of producing a highly desulfurized gas oil in a small catalytic amount.

Abstract: A grating optical fiber comprises a core, a first clad layer formed around the core, and a second clad layer formed around the first clad. Germanium is doped in the core, while germanium and fluorine are doped in the first clad layer. Gratings are formed on both the core and the first clad layer. The difference between the indexes of refraction between the first and second clad layers is smaller than the difference between the indexes of refraction between the core and the first clad layer.