Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for transmitting a WDM optical signal. The method begins by modulating an odd number of optical channels that are each located at a different wavelength from one another with (1) a respective one of a plurality of information-bearing electrical signals that all embody the same broadcast information and (2) a respective one of a plurality of RF signals having a common functional broadcast waveform, at least one of the RF signals being out of phase with respect to remaining ones of the plurality of RF signals. Each of the modulated optical channels are multiplexed to form a WDM optical signal. The WDM optical signal is forwarded onto an optical transmission path.

Abstract: A method for effectively relocating a traffic transmission path when a mobile terminal changes a gateway for a traffic transmission that may include: when a mobile terminal performs handover from a first radio network node to a second radio network node, determining a gateway for processing traffic most suitable for the second radio network node; changing a traffic transmission path to the determined gateway; and transmitting, by a traffic transmission node, traffic to the second radio network node through the changed traffic transmission path.

Abstract: A light diffusion element includes a liquid-crystal diffusion layer that variably diffuses an amount of light depending on an applied voltage, a first electrode that is laid on a plane of the light diffusion layer and made of a first and a second segmented-electrodes, a second electrode that is laid on the other plane of the light diffusion layer, a voltage applying unit that generates and applies two types of voltages, and a voltage changing unit that varies the two types of voltages. One of the voltages is applied between the first segmented-electrodes and the second electrode, and the other between the second segmented-electrodes and the second electrode. Both the segmented-electrodes are included in each pixel.

Abstract: Provided is a method of limiting updating of firmware by distinguishing between model code that represents a group of hardware having firmware program codes are compatible with each other and model code that identifies each hardware belonging to the group. The method includes generating a data body having firmware program code that is to be updated; generating a data header having model code of hardware to which the data body is to be applied, wherein the hardware model code comprises first model code representing a group of hardware having firmware program codes are compatible with each other and second model code identifying each hardware belonging to the group; and generating a firmware update file by combining the data body and the data header.

Abstract: A molecular oscillation type powder economizer material that emits far infrared rays and negative ions for use in the oil tank, auxiliary radiator or air cleaner of the motor vehicle to improve the performance of the engine and to reduce the amount of exhausted waste gas is disclosed composed of ZnO, SiO2, CaCO3, MgO, K2O, Al2O3, rare earth metals, and trace element.

Abstract: System and method for driving a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp. The system includes a control subsystem configured to generate one or more control signals, and a power supply subsystem configured to receive the one or more control signals and a DC input voltage, convert the DC input voltage to an AC output voltage, and send the AC output voltage to a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp. If the DC input voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold, the system for driving the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp is turned off in response to the one or more control signals.

Abstract: A variable resistance memory array, programming a variable resistance memory element and methods of forming the array. A variable resistance memory array is formed with a plurality of word line transistors surrounding each phase change memory element. To program a selected variable resistance memory element, all of the bitlines are grounded or biased at the same voltage. A top electrode select line that is in contact with the selected variable resistance memory element is selected. The word line having the word line transistors surrounding the selected variable resistance memory element are turned on to supply programming current to the element. Current flows from the selected top electrode select line through the variable resistance memory element into the common source/drain region of the surrounding word line transistors, across the transistors to the nearest bitline contacts. The word lines are patterned in various lattice configurations.

Abstract: Disclosed are a motor and a drum washing machine having the same. The motor includes external stators and internal stators, which are respectively disposed in a ring shape and are separated from each other in a radial direction, and rotors, which are disposed in a ring shape and are rotatably installed between the external stators and the internal stators such that the rotors are rotated due to interaction with the external stators and the internal stators, thus being capable of generating a high rotary force while maintaining a uniform length in an axial direction.

Abstract: A communications system includes a wireless telephony network and a wireless Local Area Network (LAN), both accessible by a mobile communications device (16). To facilitate transitioning of the mobile communications device to the wireless LAN from the wireless telephony network, the wireless LAN includes a beacon transmitter, which generates a synchronization channel having a pattern unique to the wireless LAN. The Wireless LAN synchronization channel is received at a first receiver in the mobile communications device together with a synchronization channel from the wireless telephony. The wireless LAN synchronization channel enables the mobile communication device to synchronize with, for transitioning to, the wireless LAN.

Abstract: In an image displaying apparatus, first and second detecting units detect quantities of light propagating through a light path at two different locations. A variation calculating unit calculates the variation in the light quantity in the light path based on the quantities of light detected by each of the first and second detecting units. A controlling unit controls the quantity of light propagated to the screen if the variation in the light quantity exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser-rotating arc hybrid welding system and a welding method using the system. The laser-rotating arc hybrid welding system of the present invention includes an arc discharge unit (2) for generating arc discharge along an area to be welded. A laser generation unit (4) radiates laser light onto the area to be welded. A rotating device (24) rotates the arc discharge unit (2). In the welding method using the laser-rotating arc hybrid welding system, a plurality of parent metals is aligned with a welding location. A laser-rotating arc hybrid welding system is located with respect to an area to be welded, arc discharge is generated while an arc discharge unit is rotated at a predetermined turning radius, and laser light is subsequently radiated using a laser generation unit.

Abstract: Provided is a flat display device, and more particularly, an active matrix (AM) flat display device having a thin film transistor (TFT). The flat display device includes a substrate, a plurality of TFTs (thin film transistors) provided on the substrate, each TFT comprising an active layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode that contact the active layer, and an ohmic contact layer interposed between the active layer and the source and drain electrodes, and a light emitting device electrically connected to the TFT, wherein the ohmic contact layer and a layer including the source and drain electrodes are formed to have the same pattern.

Abstract: An adaptor is for electrically connecting with pins of an electrical connector. The adaptor includes an insulating housing, a pair of crimping connectors, and two connecting members. The insulating housing includes two holes. The crimping connectors are accommodated respectively in the holes. Each crimping connector includes a first crimping portion for electrically connecting to one of the pins and a second crimping portion together formed with the first crimping portion. The connecting members are electrically connected with the crimping connectors respectively. Each connecting member includes a first end, a cable, and a second end. The first end is electrically connected with the second crimping portion. The cable is electrically connected with the first end. The second end is electrically connected with the cable, wherein the second end has a through hole. A testing device for testing the electrical connector is also disclosed.

Abstract: A modular jack (100) adapted for receiving a pair of mating connectors includes an insulative housing (1) having a pair of cavities (10) for receiving the corresponding mating connectors, a number of terminal modules (3) received in the cavities for electrically connecting with the mating connector, and a conductive outer shield (2) enclosing the corresponding insulative housing. The modular jack further has a detachable grounding member (7) made from conductive material and electrically connected with the conductive outer shield for grounding. The grounding member has a number of contacting plates (7121,7131,7141) extending into the corresponding cavities for connecting and grounding the corresponding mating connectors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for receiving digital contents through a data broadcasting channel are provided. The method includes analyzing information related to contents which is requested by a user while receiving broadcasting; and selectively receiving the contents through an idle tuner from among a plurality of tuners, according to the analysis result.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp can include a position lamp with a favorable light distribution. The vehicle lamp can also include other lamp or lamps such as a headlight and the like. The vehicle lamp can include a primary light source, a secondary light source, a reflector, an inner lens and an outer lens. The primary light source can be used for the other lamp and the secondary light source can be used for the position lamp adjacent the other lamp. Light emitted from the secondary light source can be distributed to both sides of the outer lens using the reflector and the inner lens. Because the light can be emitted outside of the lamp from both sides of the outer lens, the position lamp can form a light distribution having a wide angle.

Abstract: Deviation occurring in a particular region in a plane of a resistor group which constitutes a semiconductor integrated circuit is improved and a quick increase in yield is accomplished. Provided is a fuse trimming method for a semiconductor device in which circuit elements such as transistors and resistors are formed on a semiconductor wafer and which has fuse elements capable of adjusting a resistance value of the resistors by laser trimming, including a resistor correction step of correcting in the particular region of the semiconductor wafer the resistance value of the resistors based on an amount of deviation from a target value of the resistance value of the resistors.

Abstract: A memory system has first and second primary memories and first and second secondary memories coupled to the first and second primary memories, respectively, the coupling comprising at least one point-to-point connection. A memory module includes at least two of the first and second primary and first and second secondary memories. A first connection element, such as a connector or solder, connects the memory module to a mother board. A second connection element, such as a connector or solder, connects at least one other of the first and second primary and first and second secondary memories to the mother board. At least one of the memories on the first memory module is coupled to at least one of the other memories. The memory system also includes a memory controller which is connected to the primary memories by a point-to-two-point link.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for customizing a web page comprising components and steps for analyzing a template of the web page to obtain block elements constituting the web page template, selecting a block element to be customized, and setting an optimization and/or differentiating policy for the selected block element, thus customizing the selected block element, and storing the customized policy correlated to a selector. The invention also provides an apparatus for optimizing and/or differentiating a web page based on customized policies, which are stored correlated to selectors and web page templates, comprising a web page object selector for comparing the visited original web page and the selectors associated with the customized policies to determine the portion in the web page matched with a selector; and a policy enforcer for enforcing a corresponding policy on said matched portion, thus displaying an optimized and differentiated web page.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods comprising lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LT?R) modulators, which activate or inhibit LT?R signaling. LT?R modulators are useful for treating lymphocyte mediated immunological diseases and cancer, and more particularly, for regulating mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. This invention relates to soluble forms of the LT?R complex proteins that act as LT?R activating or inhibiting agents. This invention also relates to the use of soluble molecules, directed against either the LT?R, its ligands, LIGHT and LT?1?2, or its intracellular binding partners, that function to regulate LT?R signaling. A novel screening method for selecting soluble receptors, antibodies and other agents that modulate LT?R signaling is provided.