Abstract: A force-feedback input device includes: a base; an operation member supported to be movable in a first direction with respect to the base; a shape memory alloy wire whose length changes when the operation member moves toward one side in the first direction; and a controller electrically coupled to the shape memory alloy wire, and having a processor and a memory storing computer-readable instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the controller to change a current flowing through the shape memory alloy wire to change a length of the shape memory alloy wire when the operation member, moving toward the one side, reaches a first position. The controller is further caused to supply a measurement current to the shape memory alloy wire to measure a resistance value of the shape memory alloy wire, and detect a position of the operation member based on the resistance value.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a desired chemical composition, in a microstructure at a position of ¼ from a surface in a sheet thickness direction, in terms of area %, residual austenite is less than 3.0%, ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%, and pearlite is less than 5.0%, an E value is 10.7 or more, an I value is 1.020 or more, a CS value is ?8.0×105 to 8.0×105, a standard deviation of Mn concentrations is 0.60 mass % or less, at the surface, an area ratio of a region where a Ni concentration is 0.2 mass % or more is 10.0% or more, an area ratio of a region where an O concentration is 3.0 mass % or more is 3.0% to 50.0%, and a maximum value of sphere equivalent diameters of oxides is 5.00 ?m or less, and a tensile strength is 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: A learning data generating apparatus receives first training data, first correct answer information, and second training data, inputs the first and second training data into a neural network to thereby cause the neural network to output first and second array groups each constituted of a plurality of arrays, identifies a first array from the first array group based on the first correct answer information, the first array being an array corresponding to the recognition target, and compares the first array and each of the plurality of arrays constituting the second array group, to create second correct answer information corresponding to the second training data.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in a microstructure at a depth position of 1/4 from a surface in a sheet thickness direction, in terms of area %, residual austenite is less than 3.0%, ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%, and pearlite is less than 5.0%, an E value is 10.7 or more, an I value is 1.020 or more, a CS value is ?8.0×105 to 8.0×105, a standard deviation of Mn concentrations is 0.60 mass % or less, a solute Cr concentration in an outermost layer region is 0.10 mass % or more, a number density of Cr oxides having a sphere equivalent radius of 0.1 ?m or more at the surface is 1.0×104 pieces/cm2 or less.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in a microstructure at a position of ¼ from a surface in a sheet thickness direction, in terms of area %, residual austenite is less than 3.0%, ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%, and pearlite is less than 5.0%, an E value is 10.7 or more, an I value is 1.020 or more, a CS value is ?8.0×105 to 8.0×105, a standard deviation of Mn concentrations is 0.60 mass % or less, at the surface, a number density of Si—Al—Cr oxides having a sphere equivalent radius of 0.500 ?m or more is 2.0×103 pieces/cm2 or less, and a number density of Si—Al—Cr oxides having a sphere equivalent radius of 0.005 ?m to 0.050 ?m is 1.0×105 pieces/cm2 or more.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp can include: a first light source configured to emit visible light; a reflective surface designed to reflect the visible light emitted by the first light source and form a light distribution pattern for a vehicle lamp; and a LiDAR apparatus including a second light source configured to emit light for detecting an object to be detected to be transmitted to a first detection range and a light-receiving element configured to output, when return light being reflected light of the light for detecting the object to be detected having been reflected by the object to be detected is incident to the light-receiving element, an electric signal corresponding to an intensity of the return light, in which the LiDAR apparatus is arranged.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in a microstructure, in terms of area %, residual austenite is less than 3.0%, ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%, and pearlite is less than 5.0%, an E value that indicates periodicity of the microstructure is 10.7 or more, and an I value that indicates uniformity of the microstructure is 1.020 or more, a standard deviation of a Mn concentration is 0.60 mass % or less, and a tensile strength is 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: A hot-rolled steel sheet has, as a chemical composition, by mass %: C: 0.01% to 0.30%; Si: 0.01% to 3.00%; Mn: 0.20% to 3.00%; P: 0.030% or less; S: 0.030% or less; Al: 0.001% to 2.000%; N: 0.0100% or less; and Ni: 0.02% to 0.50%, in which among measurement points at which elemental analysis is performed at a measurement pitch of 1 ?m using an EPMA in a region of 250 ?m×250 ?m on a surface, the percentage of measurement points having a Ni content of 0.5 mass % or more is 10% to 70%.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in which a metallographic structure contains, by area %, less than 3.0% of residual austenite, 15.0% or more and less than 60.0% of ferrite, and less than 5.0% of pearlite, has a ratio L60/L7 of a length L60 of a grain boundary having a crystal misorientation of 60° to a length L7 of a grain boundary having a crystal misorientation of 7° about a <110> direction of 0.60 or more, has a standard deviation of a Mn concentration of 0.60 mass % or less, and has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: An optical element drive device for a ranging system that can be disposed adjacent to a light receiving device includes a drive unit including a magnetic field generation member and a coil. A fixing member includes an outer portion that is disposed adjacent to the light receiving device. The drive unit is disposed at a position further away from the outer portion than a portion, of the penetration, where the optical element is disposed. A first coil includes a first extension and a second extension extending along a first extension direction, and a second coil includes a third extension and a fourth extension extending along a second extension direction. The first extension direction and the second extension direction are substantially orthogonal to each other in plan view along the vertical direction.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, and in a case where the thickness is denoted by t, the metallographic structure at a t/4 position from the surface contains one or both of tempered martensite and lower bainite at a volume percentage of 90% or more, the tensile strength is 980 MPa or more, and the average Ni concentration on the surface is 7.0% or more.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a fluorescence detection device includes: a light source configured to irradiate a sample with excitation light in a circularly polarized state; a sample holder configured to hold the sample; a cholesteric liquid crystal layer configured to transmit fluorescence emitted by the sample due to the excitation light and reflect the excitation light; and a sensor configured to detect the fluorescence transmitted through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a processor configured to acquire plural scanned images obtained by scanning a bundle of paper media including a plural standard document bundles each of which is a set of a standard document and a related document related to the standard document, extract a title from the plural scanned images, extract, from the plural scanned images, an identifier that is assigned to be common within one standard document bundle and to be different between different standard document bundles, and divide the plural scanned images into bundles such that a scanned image from which the title is extracted is set as a bundle head, scanned images having the same identifier are included in the same bundle, and scanned images having different identifiers are included in different bundles.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp can include: a first light source configured to emit visible light; a reflective surface designed to reflect the visible light emitted by the first light source and form a light distribution pattern for a vehicle lamp; and a LiDAR apparatus including a second light source configured to emit light for detecting an object to be detected to be transmitted to a first detection range and a light-receiving element configured to output, when return light being reflected light of the light for detecting the object to be detected having been reflected by the object to be detected is incident to the light-receiving element, an electric signal corresponding to an intensity of the return light, in which the LiDAR apparatus is arranged.

Abstract: There is provided a vehicle lamp that can transmit light for detecting a detection object (e.g., preceding vehicle, oncoming vehicle, pedestrian, bicycle, and motorcycle) transmitted from a LiDAR apparatus to an appropriate range based on a road condition around a vehicle (and receive return light thereof). The vehicle lamp includes: a LiDAR apparatus including a light source configured to emit light for detecting a detection object transmitted to a first detection range, and a light reception element configured to output, in a case where return light as reflected light of the light for detecting the detection object reflected by the detection object enters the light reception element, an electric signal corresponding to intensity of the return light; and a light control mechanism configured to control a transmission range of the light for detecting the detection object, based on a road condition around a vehicle.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in which a microstructure contains, by area %, less than 3.0% of residual austenite, 15.0% or more and less than 60.0% of ferrite, and less than 5.0% of pearlite, has a ratio L60/L7 of a length L60 of a grain boundary having a crystal misorientation of 60° to a length L7 of a grain boundary having a crystal misorientation of 7° about a <110> direction of less than 0.60, has a standard deviation of a Mn concentration of 0.60 mass % or less, and has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: A hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention has a predetermined chemical composition, in which, when a height profile of a surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet is measured in each of five measurement ranges in a rolling direction and a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, a distance in a height direction from an average height position which is an average of a height position of a point having a highest height position and a height position of a recessed part which is a point having a lowest height position to the recessed part is indicated as R1 (?m) in each of the height profiles, and an average of heights of two measurement points away from the recessed part in the rolling direction or the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction by 5 ?m is indicated as R2 (?m), an average value of radii of curvature r represented by Expression (1) is 10 ?m or more, and a tensile strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet is 500 MPa or more. r=(25+|R2?R1|2)/2|R2?R1| . . .

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, has a microstructure including, by area %, residual austenite of less than 3.0%, ferrite of 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%, and pearlite of less than 5.0%, in which an entropy value obtained by analyzing an SEM image of the microstructure using a gray-level co-occurrence matrix method is 10.7 or more, an inverse difference normalized value is 1.020 or more, a cluster shade value is ?8.0×105 to 8.0×105, and a standard deviation of an Mn concentration is 0.60 mass % or less, and has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, in which a metal microstructure contains, by area %, 3.0% or more of residual austenite, has a ratio L52/L7 of a length L52 of a grain boundary having a crystal orientation difference of 52° to a length L7 of a grain boundary having a crystal orientation difference of 7° about a <110> direction of 0.10 or more and 0.18 or less, has a standard deviation of a Mn concentration of 0.60 mass % or less, and has a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: A neural network update device includes a processor that includes hardware. The processor is configured to, with respect to a plurality of output data obtained as a result of inputting a plurality of training data into a neural network, compare the plurality of output data with a plurality of pieces of correct answer information allocated respectively to the plurality of training data to calculate a loss value for each of the plurality of output data, and for relevant output data, the loss value for which meets a predetermined reference, process the correct answer information corresponding to the relevant output data, or process the training data corresponding to the relevant output data, to update the neural network by using the loss value of the output data of the neural network after the processing.