Abstract: Fouling on the surface of biomaterials and medical devices by proteins and microorganisms in the body severely hinders device functionality and drastically shortens lifetime. Currently, there is high demand for coatings that mitigate this biofouling. In this invention, the use of polyacrylamides has been explored in hydrogel coatings by building the largest library of acrylamide-based copolymer anti-biofouling hydrogels (>160 combinations) to date. A combinatorial approach was used, exploiting the ease of hydrogel synthesis to examine a high-throughput screening of platelet adhesion, precursor to thrombosis and a common culprit in biofouling. Applicability has been demonstrated of top-performing polyacrylamide-based hydrogel by (i) coating affinity-based electrochemical biosensors in vitro in a whole blood assay, and (ii) through coating an electrochemical aptamer-based device for real-time monitoring of analytes in an in vivo closed-loop system.

Abstract: A microfluidics device includes an inlet, a plurality of parallelized microfluidic channels, a splitter and a plurality of detection electrodes. The inlet receives a fluidic sample including biological particles. The parallelized microfluidic channels include interaction zones for analysis of the biological particles. The splitter transmits the fluidic sample into the parallelized microfluidic channels. Detection electrodes can conduct the analysis. Each detection electrode is shared among the parallelized microfluidic channels. The detection electrodes are spatially encoded electrodes arranged on locations of each of the parallelized microfluidic channels.

Abstract: In some embodiments, there is provided an apparatus including a common bus and a plurality of oscillatrode circuits coupled to the common bus, the plurality of oscillatrode circuits including a first oscillatrode circuit outputting a first frequency tone when a first input voltage is detected by the first oscillatrode circuit and a second oscillatrode circuit outputting a second frequency tone when a second input voltage is detected by the second oscillatrode circuit, wherein common bus carries the first frequency tone and the second frequency tone at different frequencies in a frequency division multiplex signal. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: A near-field sensor method and device for obtaining biomedical information is disclosed. A transmission-line aperture arrangement configured to guide electromagnetic waves and emit near-field fringing energy, is placed near the skin. The transmission line is excited at a narrow-band Gigahertz frequency. The near-field fringing energy emitted by the sensor device penetrates at least partially into the skin and underlying blood vessels, and this energy is partially absorbed and partially phase shifted in a time varying manner according to the changes in tissue physiology. The status of the sensor device is monitored over a plurality of time intervals, and changes in both the phase and the amplitude of the signals passing though the transmission line are used to determine biomedical information such as heart rates, PTT, blood pressure, and glucose levels. Various transmission-line configurations, and various reference transmission-line methods to reduce low-frequency noise, are also discussed.

Abstract: A near-field sensor method and device for obtaining cardiovascular information is disclosed. A transmission-line aperture arrangement configured to guide electromagnetic waves and emit near-field fringing energy, is placed near the skin. The transmission line is excited at a narrow-band Gigahertz frequency. The near-field fringing energy emitted by the sensor device penetrates at least partially into the skin and underlying blood vessels, and this energy is partially absorbed and partially phase shifted in a time varying manner according to the changes in physiology of the skin. The status of the sensor device is monitored over a plurality of time intervals, and changes in both the phase and the amplitude of the signals passing though the transmission line are used to determine the cardiovascular information such as heart rates. Various transmission-line configurations, and various reference transmission-line methods to reduce low-frequency noise, are also discussed.

Abstract: A microfluidics device includes an inlet, a plurality of parallelized microfluidic channels, a splitter and a plurality of detection electrodes. The inlet receives a fluidic sample including biological particles. The parallelized microfluidic channels include interaction zones for analysis of the biological particles. The splitter transmits the fluidic sample into the parallelized microfluidic channels. Detection electrodes can conduct the analysis. Each detection electrode is shared among the parallelized microfluidic channels. The detection electrodes are spatially encoded electrodes arranged on locations of each of the parallelized microfluidic channels.

Abstract: A near-field sensor method and device for obtaining cardiovascular information is disclosed. A transmission-line aperture arrangement configured to guide electromagnetic waves and emit near-field fringing energy, is placed near the skin. The transmission line is excited at a narrow-band Gigahertz frequency. The near-field fringing energy emitted by the sensor device penetrates at least partially into the skin and underlying blood vessels, and this energy is partially absorbed and partially phase shifted in a time varying manner according to the changes in physiology of the skin. The status of the sensor device is monitored over a plurality of time intervals, and changes in both the phase and the amplitude of the signals passing though the transmission line are used to determine the cardiovascular information such as heart rates. Various transmission-line configurations, and various reference transmission-line methods to reduce low-frequency noise, are also discussed.

Abstract: An apparatus relates generally to an injection-controlled-locked phase-locked loop (“ICL-PLL”) is disclosed. In this apparatus, a delay-locked loop is coupled to an injection-locked phase-locked loop. An injection-locked oscillator of the injection-locked phase-locked loop is in a feedback loop path of the delay-locked loop.