Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to providing to a smart window system capable of controlling a state of a display element (e.g., at least one of transparency, color, pattern, gradation degree, and displayed information) through various kinds of input devices and a control method thereof. In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a smart window system may include a display element; an input device configured to receive a control command for the display element; and a controller configured to determine at least one of transparency, color, pattern, and gradation of the display element and information displayed on the display element on the basis of the control command.

Abstract: A stacked structure including a conductive layer disposed on a substrate and a protective layer disposed on the conductive layer and including a cured product of a cation polymerizable compound and a cation initiator, wherein the cation initiator comprises a cation and a resonance-stabilized counteranion, a window for an electronic device, and an electronic device that includes the stacked structure.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic apparatus which is configured to provide a color writing function by means of the physical force of an external input means, and a control method thereof. More particularly, the present invention is to provide an electronic apparatus equipped with a plurality of liquid crystal panels in an electronic apparatus so that a plurality of colors can be written by the physical force of an external input means, and a control method thereof.

Abstract: An optical member includes a transparent substrate, an alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer on the transparent substrate, and an alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer on the alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer such that the alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer is between the transparent substrate and the alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer. A refractive index of the alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer is smaller than a refractive index of the alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer. The alumina-based first transparent ceramic layer and the alumina-based second transparent ceramic layer may have independent compositions, and the independent compositions may each be a silica-free composition.

Abstract: A composition comprising a cation polymerizable organic compound and an organosiloxane comprising at least one silsesquioxane, wherein each silsesquioxane independently comprises an inorganic core having a SiO3/2 moiety and an organic group having a cation polymerizable functional group, wherein the organic group in the comprises a first organic group represented by Chemical Formula 1 a second organic group represented by Chemical Formula 2, R1—(CH2)n1—* ??Chemical Formula 1 R2—(CH2)n2—* ??Chemical Formula 2 wherein R1 and R2 are each independently the cation polymerizable functional group, n1 is an integer ranging from 1 to 3, and n2 is an integer of 4 or greater.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic apparatus which is configured to provide a color writing function by means of the physical force of an external input means, and a control method thereof. More particularly, the present invention is to provide an electronic apparatus equipped with a plurality of liquid crystal panels in an electronic apparatus so that a plurality of colors can be written by the physical force of an external input means, and a control method thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to providing to a smart window system capable of controlling a state of a display element (e.g., at least one of transparency, color, pattern, gradation degree, and displayed information) through various kinds of input devices and a control method thereof. In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a smart window system may include a display element; an input device configured to receive a control command for the display element; and a controller configured to determine at least one of transparency, color, pattern, and gradation of the display element and information displayed on the display element on the basis of the control command.

Abstract: A window for a display device includes a polymer substrate, a first protective layer on the polymer substrate and including a cured product of a multi-functional urethane (meth)acrylate compound having six or more (meth)acrylate groups and a second protective layer on the first protective layer and including a cured product of epoxy-containing polysilsesquioxane, wherein the second protective layer is thicker than the first protective layer, and a thickness of the first protective layer ranges from about 0.1 ?m to about 10 ?m and a thickness of the second protective layer ranges from about 5 ?m to about 30 ?m, and a method of manufacturing the same and a display device including a window for a display device.

Abstract: A film formation composition for surface treatment of a metal object includes at least one salt selected from a hydrofluoric acid salt, a phosphate, and a nitrate, and at least one hydrogen antifoaming agent selected from a hydrogen foaming inhibitor, a hydrogen bubble adhesion inhibitor, and a base for pH adjustment, a film formed using the film formation composition, and an electronic product including the film formed using the film formation composition.

Abstract: A complex metal oxide catalyst having a composition including about 5 to about 75 wt % of manganese (Mn); about 5 to about 55 wt % of copper (Cu); and about 3 to about 60 wt % of an active compound, based on a total weight of the complex metal oxide catalyst. The complex metal oxide catalyst has excellent low-temperature activity and improved catalyst efficiency so as to be repeatedly used, and thus is effectively used in a filter module and an air cleaner.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The apparatus includes first and second photosensitive bodies, first and second exposing units to form electrostatic latent images on the first and second photosensitive bodies respectively charged to a uniform electric potential, a first developing unit to develop an electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body by supplying a transparent toner to the electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body, and a second developing unit to develop an electrostatic latent image of the second photosensitive body by supplying a color toner to the electrostatic latent image of the second photosensitive body, wherein the first developing unit is a mono-component cleanerless developing unit.

Abstract: A method for controlling an image forming apparatus is disclosed. An image pattern is developed both by a DC developing process using a developing bias voltage of only a DC voltage and by an AC+DC developing process using a developing bias voltage of a DC voltage overlapped with an AC voltage. The densities of the two developed image patterns is compared with each other to implement toner density control.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus equipped with an improved developer detecting device and agitating device to simplify an inner structure of a developing device and/or a waste developer container while reducing the number of components and costs. The image forming apparatus includes a developer storage part to store a developer, a light emitting part and a light receiving part provided to detect an amount of developer stored in the developer storage part, and a rotating unit which rotates to agitate the developer stored in the developer storage part and guides light emitted from the light emitting part to the light receiving part. The rotating unit includes two rotating members. Each of the rotating members has a rotating shaft portion and an extending portion which extends eccentrically from the rotating shaft portion. The extending portions oppose each other to define a developer detecting region therebetween. When the rotating unit rotates, the developer detecting region moves upward and downward.

Abstract: A method for controlling an image forming apparatus is disclosed. An image pattern is developed both by a DC developing process using a developing bias voltage of only a DC voltage and by an AC+DC developing process using a developing bias voltage of a DC voltage overlapped with an AC voltage. The densities of the two developed image patterns is compared with each other to implement toner density control.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus equipped with an improved developer detecting device and agitating device to simplify an inner structure of a developing device and/or a waste developer container while reducing the number of components and costs. The image forming apparatus includes a developer storage part to store a developer, a light emitting part and a light receiving part provided to detect an amount of developer stored in the developer storage part, and a rotating unit which rotates to agitate the developer stored in the developer storage part and guides light emitted from the light emitting part to the light receiving part. The rotating unit includes two rotating members. Each of the rotating members has a rotating shaft portion and an extending portion which extends eccentrically from the rotating shaft portion. The extending portions oppose each other to define a developer detecting region therebetween. When the rotating unit rotates, the developer detecting region moves upward and downward.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The apparatus includes first and second photosensitive bodies, first and second exposing units to form electrostatic latent images on the first and second photosensitive bodies respectively charged to a uniform electric potential, a first developing unit to develop an electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body by supplying a transparent toner to the electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body, and a second developing unit to develop an electrostatic latent image of the second photosensitive body by supplying a color toner to the electrostatic latent image of the second photosensitive body, wherein the first developing unit is a mono-component cleanerless developing unit.