Abstract: The present invention relates to a biomemory device, comprising (a) a substrate; and (b) a heterolayer comprising a protein having a redox potential and an inorganic particle; wherein the heterolayer is immobilized on the substrate. By applying inorganic particles, the present invention provides a biomemory device capable of enhancing low current signals detected electron transfer between biomolecules and substrates up to at least five (5) times greater signals. The present invention is capable of controlling the redox states with help of redox potentials of proteins depending on applied potential. The present invention provides a new-concept biomemory device as an information storage device based on the principle of electron transfer of a naturally occurring biomolecule.

Abstract: There are provided a method and apparatus for detecting nucleic acid using bead and nanopore, and more specifically, a method and apparatus capable of detecting nucleic acid fragments of 70 bps to 300 bps in length by a nanopore detection unit with nanopores of 20 to 120 nm in diameter by attaching a bead to a nucleic acid probe and then detecting the bead attached to nucleic acid not nucleic acid itself. Accordingly, the present invention can detect the nucleic acid fragments using the nanopore detection unit with nanopores of 20 to 120 nm in diameter, even in case where Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) products are given as the sample, particularly the PCR products are the nucleic acid fragments of 70 to 300 bps in length.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multifunctional biomemory device in which a protein having a redox potential substituted with a metal ion is directly immobilized on a substrate. The present disclosure provides an operating method in which the redox state of the protein is controlled by applying three different potentials. The present disclosure provides a biomemory device in which the metal ion of a metalloprotein is substituted to allow for artificial control of the redox potential. The present disclosure provides a new-concept biomemory device as an information storage device based on the principle of electron transfer of a naturally occurring biomolecule.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method and apparatus for disrupting cells and purifying nucleic acids in a single chip. The method comprises irradiating a chip with a laser beam, wherein the chip comprises a solid support on which a cell lysis enhancing metal oxide layer, and a cell binding metal oxide layer have been deposited.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method and apparatus for disrupting cells and purifying nucleic acids in a single chip. The method comprises irradiating a chip with a laser beam, wherein the chip comprises a solid support on which a cell lysis enhancing metal oxide layer, and a cell binding metal oxide layer have been deposited.

Abstract: Provided are a sensing switch and a sensing method using the same. The sensing switch includes: a substrate; a supporter on the substrate; a sensing plate that is connected to a side of the supporter and is in parallel with the substrate by a predetermined distance; a receptor binding region on an upper surface of an end portion of the sensing plate; an electric or magnetic field generation device that induces deflection of the sensing plate when a receptor bound to the receptor binding region is selectively bound to an electrically or magnetically active ligand; and a pair of switching electrodes that are separated by a predetermined distance and is connected when the sensing plate contacts the substrate due to the deflection of the sensing plate. A target material need not be labelled, a signal processing of a fluorescent or electrical detection signal using an analysis apparatus is not required, and a signal can be directly decoded by confirming whether a current flows through the switch.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method and apparatus for disrupting cells and purifying nucleic acids in a single chip. The method comprises irradiating a chip with a laser beam, wherein the chip comprises a solid support on which a cell lysis enhancing metal oxide layer, and a cell binding metal oxide layer have been deposited.

Abstract: A DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) detection device and a manufacturing method thereof detects DNA by an electrical method without a separate process for detection by using semiconductor microfabrication techniques. The DNA detection device includes a pair of chambers formed on a semiconductor substrate for accommodating a detection sample, a channel connecting the pair of chambers and a lid covering the pair of chambers. According to the present invention, it is possible to attain a DNA detection device, which can be mass-produced from a silicon substrate by using semiconductor manufacturing technology with improved microfabrication techniques, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for amplifying nucleic acids. The method includes introducing into a reaction vessel via different inlet channels a reactant aqueous solution containing reactants for nucleic acid amplification and a fluid that is phase-separated from the reactant aqueous solution and does not participate in amplification reaction, creating a plurality of reactant aqueous solution droplets surrounded by the fluid by contacting the reactant aqueous solution with the fluid in the reaction vessel, and amplifying the nucleic acids in the reactant aqueous solution droplets.

Abstract: An apparatus for amplifying nucleic acids. The apparatus includes a substrate, a reaction vessel formed inside of the substrate, at least one first inlet channel formed inside the substrate, connected to an end of the reaction vessel, and allowing introduction of a reactant aqueous solution containing reactants for nucleic acid amplification into the reaction vessel, a second inlet channel formed inside the substrate, connected to the end of the reaction vessel, and allowing introduction of a fluid that is phase-separated from the reactant aqueous solution and does not participate in amplification reaction into the reaction vessel, and a heating unit installed on the substrate in such a way to thermally contact with the substrate and heating the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a sensing switch and a sensing method using the same. The sensing switch includes: a substrate; a supporter on the substrate; a sensing plate that is connected to a side of the supporter and is in parallel with the substrate by a predetermined distance; a receptor binding region on an upper surface of an end portion of the sensing plate; an electric or magnetic field generation device that induces deflection of the sensing plate when a receptor bound to the receptor binding region is selectively bound to an electrically or magnetically active ligand; and a pair of switching electrodes that are separated by a predetermined distance and is connected when the sensing plate contacts the substrate due to the deflection of the sensing plate. A target material need not be labelled, a signal processing of a fluorescent or electrical detection signal using an analysis apparatus is not required, and a signal can be directly decoded by confirming whether a current flows through the switch.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biomolecule-based electronic device in which the biomolecule with redox potential is directly immobilized on the substrate. The present invention enables to excellently exhibit the capability of a protein-based bio-memory device in which it is preferable to use the substrate on which cysteine-introduced recombinant proteins are effectively immobilized and a self-assembled layer (SAM) is fabricated. It becomes realized that a redox potential is regulated using intrinsic redox potential of the protein dependent on applied voltage. The present invention provides a novel operating method in which three potentials are applied throughout four steps. The present invention has some advantages of fabricating a protein layer in a convenient manner and inducing electron transfer by fundamental electrochemical or electronic operation.

Abstract: There are provided a method and apparatus for detecting nucleic acid using bead and nanopore, and more specifically, a method and apparatus capable of detecting nucleic acid fragments of 70 bps to 300 bps in length by a nanopore detection unit with nanopores of 20 to 120 nm in diameter by attaching a bead to a nucleic acid probe and then detecting the bead attached to nucleic acid not nucleic acid itself. Accordingly, the present invention can detect the nucleic acid fragments using the nanopore detection unit with nanopores of 20 to 120 nm in diameter, even in case where Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) products are given as the sample, particularly the PCR products are the nucleic acid fragments of 70 to 300 bps in length.

Abstract: A method of sequentially performing concentration and amplification of nucleic acid in a single micro chamber includes: introducing a nucleic acid-containing sample and a solution including a kosmotropic salt to a micro chamber having a hydrophilic interior surface to concentrate the nucleic acid by binding the nucleic acid on the interior surface of the micro chamber; and performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by adding a PCR mixture to the chamber. Since the nucleic acid is reversibly bound to the interior surface of the micro chamber, PCR yield is higher compared with a surface of aluminum oxide in which irreversible binding occurs. In addition, all processes are sequentially performed in a single micro chamber so that the number of samples, consumables, time, and labor for treatment and analysis can be reduced, detection sensitivity can be improved, and risk of sample cross contamination significantly reduced without sample loss by eliminating transporting of the sample.

Abstract: Provided is a method of isolating and purifying nucleic acids using an immobilized hydrogel or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-hydrogel copolymer. The method includes: immobilizing a functional group-containing hydrogel or PEG-hydrogel copolymer on a substrate; adding a mixed sample solution containing a salt and nucleic acids to the hydrogel- or PEG-hydrogel copolymer-immobilized substrate to bind the nucleic acids to the hydrogel or the PEG-hydrogel copolymer; washing the nucleic acid-bound hydrogel or PEG-hydrogel copolymer; and eluting the nucleic acids from the hydrogel or the PEG-hydrogel copolymer using an elution solvent. Therefore, binding and elution of nucleic acids can be performed even with no addition of a separate chemical substance, and an effect on a subsequent process such as PCR can be minimized. Furthermore, the amount and intensity for binding nucleic acids can be adjusted according to PEG concentration, and the presence of a hydrogel compound on a substrate enables patterning.

Abstract: Provided are a sensing switch and a sensing method using the same. The sensing switch includes: a substrate; a supporter on the substrate; a sensing plate that is connected to a side of the supporter and is in parallel with the substrate by a predetermined distance; a receptor binding region on an upper surface of an end portion of the sensing plate; an electric or magnetic field generation device that induces deflection of the sensing plate when a receptor bound to the receptor binding region is selectively bound to an electrically or magnetically active ligand; and a pair of switching electrodes that are separated by a predetermined distance and is connected when the sensing plate contacts the substrate due to the deflection of the sensing plate. A target material need not be labelled, a signal processing of a fluorescent or electrical detection signal using an analysis apparatus is not required, and a signal can be directly decoded by confirming whether a current flows through the switch.

Abstract: A microarray including hydrogel and a plurality of probes which are immobilized in discrete regions of the hydrogel, and a method of preparing the same are provided. When using the microarray and method, a solid substrate is not required and many biomolecules can be immobilized in a small volume, thereby obtaining high sensitivity. Since gel can be cut to obtain many pieces, many microarrays can be prepared at once.

Abstract: Provided is a method of sensing biomolecules using a bioFET, the method including: forming a layer including Au on a gate of the bioFET; forming a probe immobilized on a substrate separated from the gate by a predetermined distance, and a biomolecule having a thiol group (—SH) which is incompletely bonded to the probe; reacting the probe with a sample including a target molecule; and measuring a current flowing in a channel region between a source and a drain of the bioFET.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for centrifugally separating particles by both weight and size include a rotating drum rotating about a second rotating axis disposed perpendicularly to a first rotating axis, and includes an inlet, at least one rotating plate and an outlet. The inlet injects a test material. The rotating plate extends radially outward toward an inner surface of the rotating drum from the second rotating axis and has one or more configurations of protruded and recessed portions formed on a surface thereof. The rotating plate receives the test material on a surface thereof. The outlet discharges separated test material.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (4), a substrate coated with the compound, a method of producing a microarray using the compound, and a microarray produced by the method are provided.