Abstract: A vacuum insulating panel may include: a first substrate; a second substrate; a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, wherein the gap is at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure; a seal provided between at least the first substrate and the second substrate, the seal comprising a first seal layer; wherein the first seal layer comprises tellurium oxide and vanadium oxide; wherein the first seal layer comprises, on a wt. %, more tellurium oxide than vanadium oxide, and has a density of from about 2.8-4.0 g/cm3.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel comprising a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer and/or a second seal layer. The method may include heating, e.g., via laser, seal material in order to form the first seal layer.

Abstract: A vacuum insulating panel may include: a first substrate; a second substrate; a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, wherein the gap is at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure; a seal provided between at least the first substrate and the second substrate, the seal comprising a first seal layer; wherein the first seal layer comprises tellurium oxide and vanadium oxide; wherein the first seal layer comprises, on a wt. %, more tellurium oxide than vanadium oxide, and has a density of from about 2.8-4.0 g/cm3.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel including a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer. The method may include: providing first seal material for the first seal layer in a location at least partially between at least the first and second glass substrates; heating (e.g., via laser) the first seal material; and after forming the first seal layer, evacuating the gap to a pressure less than atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer, and optionally second and/or third primer layer(s).

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel comprising a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer and/or a second seal layer. The method may include laser heating, using a laser beam from a continuous wave near-IR laser, seal material in order to form the first seal layer; wherein the laser heating may include causing the laser beam to move at a lateral speed of from about 5-70 mm/second relative to the substrates and the first seal material so that the laser beam at least partially passes through at least one of the glass substrates and impinges upon at least the second seal layer in order to heat the second seal layer and fire and/or sinter the first seal material thereby forming the first seal layer.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel including a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer. The method may include: providing first seal material for the first seal layer in a location at least partially between at least the first and second glass substrates; laser heating, using a laser beam from a continuous wave near-IR laser, the first seal material in order to form the first seal layer; wherein said laser heating may comprise using the laser beam, having a size of from about 2-15 mm, so that the laser beam at least partially passes through at least one of the glass substrates to fire and/or sinter the first seal material thereby forming the first seal layer, in a manner so that the first seal layer a density of from about 2.8-4.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer, and optionally second and/or third primer layer(s).

Abstract: A vacuum insulating panel may include: a first substrate; a second substrate; a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, wherein the gap is at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure; a seal provided between at least the first substrate and the second substrate, the seal comprising a first seal layer; wherein the first seal layer comprises tellurium oxide and vanadium oxide; wherein the first seal layer comprises, on a wt. %, more tellurium oxide than vanadium oxide, and has a density of from about 2.8-4.0 g/cm3.

Abstract: A vacuum insulating panel comprising: a first glass substrate; a second glass substrate; a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, wherein the gap is at pressure less than atmospheric pressure; a seal provided at least partially between at least the first and second substrates; and wherein at least one of the glass substrates is tempered, has compressive stress at a center of the glass substrate as viewed from above in a surface compression region of at least about 10,000 psi, and has one, two, or all three of: (i) a compressive stress proximate an edge of the glass substrate as viewed from above in the surface compression region of at least about 10,000 psi, (ii) tension stress at the center of the glass as viewed from above in the central tension region of at least about 5,800 psi, and/or (iii) compressive stress proximate a corner of the glass substrate as viewed from above in the surface compression region of at least about 10,000 psi.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel comprising a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer and/or a second seal layer. The method may include laser heating, using a laser beam from a continuous wave near-IR laser, seal material in order to form the first seal layer; wherein the laser heating may include causing the laser beam to move at a lateral speed of from about 5-70 mm/second relative to the substrates and the first seal material so that the laser beam at least partially passes through at least one of the glass substrates and impinges upon at least the second seal layer in order to heat the second seal layer and fire and/or sinter the first seal material thereby forming the first seal layer.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, the vacuum insulating panel including a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second glass substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer. The method may include: providing first seal material for the first seal layer in a location at least partially between at least the first and second glass substrates; laser heating, using a laser beam from a continuous wave near-IR laser, the first seal material in order to form the first seal layer; wherein said laser heating may comprise using the laser beam, having a size of from about 2-15 mm, so that the laser beam at least partially passes through at least one of the glass substrates to fire and/or sinter the first seal material thereby forming the first seal layer, in a manner so that the first seal layer a density of from about 2.8-4.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel, where the vacuum insulating panel may include a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second glass substrates, and a seal provided at least partially between at least the first and second glass substrates, wherein the seal may comprise a first seal layer and/or a second seal layer. The method may include at least one of: providing first seal material for the first seal layer at a location at least partially between at least the first and second glass substrates; pre-heating so as to cause at least one of (a) at least one of the glass substrates, (b) the second seal layer, and/or (c) the first seal material, to reach a pre-heat temperature; after said pre-heating, laser heating the first seal material in order to fire and/or sinter the first seal material and form the first seal layer in a manner so that the first seal layer may have a density of from about 2.8-4.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of spacers provided in a gap between at least the first and second substrates, and a seal provided between at least the first and second substrates, the seal comprising a first seal layer, and optionally second and/or third primer layer(s).

Abstract: Provided herein is a reporter system for identifying a cytokine receptor modulator and uses thereof.

Abstract: A display case door includes a panel assembly with a first transparent pane and a second transparent pane. The first transparent pane includes flanges extending from each of a first edge and a second edge of a shaped portion. The second transparent pane is adhered to both flanges of the first pane to define a space between facing surfaces of the second transparent pane and the shaped portion of the first transparent pane and extending between openings at opposite ends of the panel assembly. Caps are coupled to the panel assembly and cover the openings at each of the first end and second end. The door further includes a hinge coupled to one of the flanges, a door handle secured to a surface of one of the flanges, and an edge guard coupled along an edge of at least one of the flanges.

Abstract: A display case door includes a panel assembly with a first transparent pane and a second transparent pane. The first transparent pane includes flanges extending from each of a first edge and a second edge of a shaped portion. The second transparent pane is adhered to both flanges of the first pane to define a space between facing surfaces of the second transparent pane and the shaped portion of the first transparent pane and extending between openings at opposite ends of the panel assembly. Caps are coupled to the panel assembly and cover the openings at each of the first end and second end. The door further includes a hinge coupled to one of the flanges, a door handle secured to a surface of one of the flanges, and an edge guard coupled along an edge of at least one of the flanges.

Abstract: A display case door includes a panel assembly with a first transparent pane and a second transparent pane. The first transparent pane includes flanges extending from each of a first edge and a second edge of a shaped portion. The second transparent pane is adhered to both flanges of the first pane to define a space between facing surfaces of the second transparent pane and the shaped portion of the first transparent pane and extending between openings at opposite ends of the panel assembly. Caps are coupled to the panel assembly and cover the openings at each of the first end and second end. The door further includes a hinge coupled to one of the flanges, a door handle secured to a surface of one of the flanges, and an edge guard coupled along an edge of at least one of the flanges.

Abstract: A display case door includes a panel assembly with a first transparent pane and a second transparent pane. The first transparent pane includes flanges extending from each of a first edge and a second edge of a shaped portion. The second transparent pane is adhered to both flanges of the first pane to define a space between facing surfaces of the second transparent pane and the shaped portion of the first transparent pane and extending between openings at opposite ends of the panel assembly. Caps are coupled to the panel assembly and cover the openings at each of the first end and second end. The door further includes a hinge coupled to one of the flanges, a door handle secured to a surface of one of the flanges, and an edge guard coupled along an edge of at least one of the flanges.

Abstract: System and method for handoff between different types of networks. A communication session of a user equipment may be handed off from a first network to a second network based on a network condition of the first network. A network information may be transmitted from the first network and the network condition of the first network may be determined based on received network information. The network information may include information of an adaptive multi-rate (AMR) mode assigned for providing a corresponding service, and the information of the AMR mode may be assigned based on the network condition of the first network and may be associated with a bit-rate for speech coding. A handoff from the first network to the second network may be initiated when the network condition of the first network is determined to be poor.