Abstract: The present invention provides a stable liquid pharmaceutical formulation containing: an antibody or its antigen-binding fragment; a surfactant; a sugar or its derivative; and a buffer. The stable liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to the present invention has low viscosity while containing a high content of the antibody, has excellent long-term storage stability based on excellent stability under accelerated conditions and severe conditions, and may be administered subcutaneously.

Abstract: A communication system includes an information requesting device configured to generate a first communication packet including request information for each generated diagnostic trouble code when at least one diagnostic trouble code is generated and to output the generated first communication packet, and an information providing device configured to receive the first communication packet, extract each request information included in the received first communication packet, extract diagnosis information corresponding to each of the extracted request information, generate a second communication packet including answer information and at least one diagnosis information corresponding to each other to be distinguished from each other, and transmit the generated second communication packet to the information requesting device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a control method for an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of: measuring a current voltage of a battery cell module and an external temperature immediately before or after a start of charging; determining whether or not charging has been completed by measuring a charging voltage of the battery cell module after charging during a predetermined time set according to at least one of the current voltages and the external temperature; and calculating a voltage variation on the basis of the current voltage and the charging voltage if it is determined that charging has been completed, and determining whether the battery cell module is normal or abnormal on the basis of the voltage variation and a set reference voltage variation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a control method for an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of: measuring a current voltage of a battery cell module and an external temperature immediately before or after a start of charging; determining whether or not charging has been completed by measuring a charging voltage of the battery cell module after charging during a predetermined time set according to at least one of the current voltages and the external temperature; and calculating a voltage variation on the basis of the current voltage and the charging voltage if it is determined that charging has been completed, and determining whether the battery cell module is normal or abnormal on the basis of the voltage variation and a set reference voltage variation.