Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including an upper surface and a lower surface that are opposite to each other in a first direction, an active pattern which is on the upper surface of the substrate and extends in a second direction, a gate electrode which is on the active pattern and extends in a third direction, a first source/drain pattern which is connected to the active pattern on the upper surface of the substrate, and includes a lower epitaxial region and an upper epitaxial region, the upper epitaxial region including an epitaxial recess, and the lower epitaxial region being inside the epitaxial recess, a first source/drain contact, which is connected to the first source/drain pattern and extends into the substrate, and a contact silicide layer, which is between the first source/drain contact and the first source/drain pattern and contacts the lower epitaxial region.

Abstract: A holographic-based directional sound device is provided, the device including: a sound wave generating means generating a sound wave; and a flat plate configured to have the sound wave generating means installed at the center so as to radiate the sound wave to the outside through a surface, and to be composed of a plurality of unit cells, in which at least one groove is formed on a surface of the unit cell, and a radiation angle of the sound wave is determined according to a depth of the groove with respect to the unit cell, wherein the depth of the groove is determined by an individual surface admittance calculated by a cosine function or a sine function of the sum of a first value and a second value on the basis of a preset radiation angle of the sound wave and a preset frequency of the sound wave.

Abstract: An apparatus for predicting a traffic speed and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes an input device that receives traffic speed sequences of a plurality of links and a controller that detects a spatio-temporal relationship between traffic speeds of the plurality of links and predicts a future traffic speed of a target link based on the spatio-temporal relationship between the traffic speeds of the plurality of links.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes: a can having an accommodation space therein; an electrode assembly accommodated in the accommodation space in the can; and a cap assembly sealed with the can. The can has a beading part recessed into a side wall of the can at a region below where the cap assembly is accommodated, and the beading part has an acute angle with respect to the side wall of the can.

Abstract: A light-emitting element includes a first semiconductor layer doped to have a first polarity, a second semiconductor layer doped to have a second polarity different from the first polarity, a light-emitting layer disposed between the first and second semiconductor layers, a shell layer formed on side surfaces of the first semiconductor layer, the light-emitting layer, and the second semiconductor layer, the shell layer including a divalent metal element, and an insulating film covering an outer surface of the shell layer and surrounding the side surface of the light-emitting layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anti-buckling jig of a fracture toughness test. The anti-buckling jig includes: a first jig unit provided in a form of surrounding one side surface of a specimen; a second jig unit provided in a form of surrounding the other side surface of the specimen; and a screw provided to allow the first jig unit and the second jig unit to be coupled to each other. During the fracture toughness test of the specimen, the first jig unit and the second jig unit simultaneously support both sides of the specimen, so that the specimen is cracked in a single direction.

Abstract: An object detection method is provided. The method includes the steps of: acquiring a plurality of frame images; detecting a first bounding box of a first object and a second bounding box of a second object from a first frame image; assigning a first identification value to the first bounding box and a second identification value to the second bounding box; generating a virtual bounding box of the first object in a second frame image; assigning the first identification value to a third bounding box of the first object detected from the second frame image, on the basis of a size of an area where the third bounding box overlaps the virtual bounding box; and changing the second identification value to the first identification value on the basis of a size of an area where the first bounding box overlaps the second bounding box.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and non-transitory computer-readable record media for managing event messages may be provided. A message management method may include generating, by at least one processor, an event related to a chatroom based on an event message input from the chatroom, assigning, by the at least one processor, a reply to the event message, from among messages in the chatroom, to the event, and displaying, by the at least one processor, the reply to the event message in association with the event.

Abstract: An interaction detection method is provided. The method includes the steps of: acquiring one or more frame images; acquiring pose data of a first object using information on a plurality of feature points detected for the first object from a first frame image; determining occurrence of an interaction of the first object using the pose data of the first object; estimating a region of interest (ROI) of the first object using the information on the plurality of feature points; and acquiring information on a product corresponding to the region of interest of the first object.

Abstract: A method for acquiring visitor information is provided. The method includes the steps of: detecting one or more visitor objects from a video; estimating attribute information of a first visitor using feature data of a first visitor object; acquiring a perspective model of the first visitor on the basis of a travel route of the first visitor object; and acquiring interaction information of the first visitor using the perspective model of the first visitor.

Abstract: There are provided a semiconductor memory device and a manufacturing method of the semiconductor memory device. The semiconductor memory device includes: a gate stack structure including a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of conductive patterns, which are alternately stacked in a vertical direction; a dummy stack structure including a plurality of dummy interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of sacrificial layers, which are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, the dummy stack structure being disposed at a level at which the gate stack structure is disposed; a channel structure penetrating the gate stack structure; a memory layer disposed between each of the plurality of conductive patterns and the channel structure; and a dummy pillar penetrating a portion of the dummy stack structure with a length less than a length of the channel structure in the vertical direction.

Abstract: An oral appliance allows the mandible to move forward, without putting strain on the temporomandibular joint and surrounding muscles, so that the oral appliance may be worn for a long time during sleep, thereby improving snoring. In addition, the oral appliance allows the tongue to move forward together with the mandible so that the tongue is naturally placed in the anterior region of the palate to induce conversion of mouth breathing to nasal breathing, thereby improving both snoring and sleep apnea.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and non-transitory computer-readable record media for managing event messages may be provided. A message management method may include generating, by at least one processor, an event related to a chatroom based on an event message input from the chatroom, assigning, by the at least one processor, a reply to the event message, from among messages in the chatroom, to the event, and displaying, by the at least one processor, the reply to the event message in association with the event.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a non-transitory computer readable record medium for providing a reminder message are provided. A reminder providing method may include recognizing a reminder request message among one or more messages exchanged through a chatroom; creating a reminder message based on the reminder request message; and sending the reminder message in the chatroom at a time preset for the reminder request message.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the semiconductor device. The method comprises: forming a stack structure including a lower level sacrificial layer over a semiconductor substrate; forming a slit penetrating through the stack structure and exposing the lower level sacrificial layer; forming a spacer on a sidewall of the slit; forming horizontal recesses by removing the lower level sacrificial layer; forming a conductive material in each of the horizontal recesses; etching the conductive material to form source channel contacts filling the horizontal recesses, respectively, and to form a separation groove between the conductive patterns; and forming an etch barrier material filling the separation groove.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and non-transitory computer-readable record media for managing event messages may be provided. A message management method may include generating, by at least one processor, an event related to a chatroom based on an event message input from the chatroom, assigning, by the at least one processor, a reply to the event message, from among messages in the chatroom, to the event, and displaying, by the at least one processor, the reply to the event message in association with the event.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anti-buckling jig of a fracture toughness test. The anti-buckling jig includes: a first jig unit provided in a form of surrounding one side surface of a specimen; a second jig unit provided in a form of surrounding the other side surface of the specimen; and a screw provided to allow the first jig unit and the second jig unit to be coupled to each other. During the fracture toughness test of the specimen, the first jig unit and the second jig unit simultaneously support both sides of the specimen, so that the specimen is cracked in a single direction.

Abstract: A tool, which is thin yet strong enough to be pushed through the adhesive layer on a mobile phone display. Its function is to separate the membranes of mobile phone displays for repair purposes. The tool is highly flexible to accommodate the separation of curved glass membranes.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a non-transitory computer readable record medium for providing a reminder message are provided. A reminder providing method may include recognizing a reminder request message among one or more messages exchanged through a chatroom; creating a reminder message based on the reminder request message; and sending the reminder message in the chatroom at a time preset for the reminder request message.