Abstract: A user equipment assistance information (UAI) negotiation method, for a user equipment (UE) of mobile communication includes receiving a first OtherConfig element of an RRC reconfiguration message comprising a plurality of configuration parameters with SETUP values from a network terminal; sending a first UAI including a first value of a first configuration parameter of the configuration parameters to the network terminal; and receiving a first RRC reconfiguration message corresponding to the first UAI from the network terminal.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for estimating a target component, the apparatus including a temperature controller configured to modulate temperature of an object, a measurer configured to measure a spectrum for each temperature of the object that changes based on the modulation, and a processor configured to obtain effective optical pathlength vectors corresponding to a temperature change based on the spectrum for each temperature of the object, obtain a representative effective optical pathlength based on the obtained effective optical pathlength vectors, and obtain a target component estimation model based on the obtained representative effective optical pathlength.

Abstract: A bilayer combination tablet for oral administration, which is prescribed for alleviation of symptoms or signs of osteoarthritis (degenerative arthritis), alleviation of symptoms or sings of rheumatoid arthritis, alleviation of symptoms or signs of ankylosing spondylitis, alleviation of acute pain in adults (post-operative or post-tooth extraction pain), alleviation of primary dysmenorrhea, or alleviation of severe and moderate acute or chronic pain. The bilayer combination tablet includes: a controlled-release layer containing tramadol as an active ingredient; and an immediate-release layer containing celecoxib as an active ingredient. A composition for treating pain may be provided, which has a long-lasting analgesic effect for 12 hours while reducing the side effects of tramadol by slow release of water-soluble tramadol and immediate release of poorly soluble celecoxib.